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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox company Eisner & Iger was a comic book packager that produced comics on demand for publishers entering the new medium during the late-1930s and 1940s, a period fans and historians call the Golden Age of Comic Books. Founded by Will Eisner and Jerry Iger, many of comic books' most significant creators, including Jack Kirby, entered the field through its doors. Eisner & Iger existed from 1936 to 1939.[1]
The company, formally titled the Eisner and Iger Studio, was also known as Syndicated Features Corporation.[1] Eisner, in a 1997 interview, referred to the company as both "Eisner & Iger" and the "Art Syndication Company".[2] In addition to comic books, the company also sold color comic strips, such as Adventures of the Red Mask and Pop's Night Out, to newspapers.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
After Eisner left in late 1939/early 1940, Iger would continue to package comics as the S. M. Iger Studio, eventually bringing on a new partner, Ruth Roche. The S. M. Iger Studio operated through 1961.
Origin
Eisner & Iger was formed to service the emerging market for American comic books, which had originated in the early 1930s as tabloid-sized magazines that reprinted newspaper comic strips, adding color to black-and-white daily comics. By 1935, sporadic new material was beginning to be created for them. One such seminal comic book, Henle Publications' Wow, What a Magazine! was published by John Henle and edited by Samuel Maxwell "Jerry" Iger, a former cartoonist.[3] Wow, which folded after issue No. 4 (Nov. 1936), brought Iger together with a 19-year-old Will Eisner – the future creator of The Spirit and some of the earliest and most influential graphic novels – who wrote and drew the adventure feature "Scott Dalton", the pirate feature "The Flame", and the secret agent feature "Harry Karry" for Wow.[3]
The origin of the Eisner and Iger Studio has been recounted by its in highly different ways,Template:Efn each given below, in alphabetical order.
Will Eisner account
According to Eisner, the demise of Wow prompted him to suggest that he and the out-of-work Iger form a partnership to produce new comics, anticipating that the well of available reprints would soon run dry. He said that in late 1936,[4] the two formed Eisner & Iger, one of the first comics packagers. Iger was 32; Eisner claimed to be 25 so as not to scare Iger off.
As Eisner recounted, Template:Cquote
Renting a one-room office on East 41st Street in Manhattan for $5 a month (the first three months' rent fronted by Eisner, who'd just been paid for a one-time commercial art job for a product called Gre-Solvent),[5] Eisner & Iger began, with the former as the sole writing and art staff and the latter handling sales and also lettering the comics. Through Eisner's use of pseudonyms, including "Willis Rensie" ("Eisner" spelled backward) and "Erwin" (his middle name), the company gave the impression of being larger than it was.
A fictionalized account of Eisner's time with the company is depicted in Eisner's largely autobiographical graphic novel, The Dreamer.[6]
Jerry Iger account
In a 1985 account, Iger said: Template:Blockquote
Note: Eisner was not drafted in 1940, but rather in 1942. Eisner, however, did leave the firm in 1940 to produce The Spirit.
Company history and influence
However, it was structured, the firm grew to be one of the most successful and influential comics packagers — joining Funnies, Inc. (which supplied the contents of Marvel Comics No. 1, including the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner and the Angel) and the quirkily named Harry "A" Chesler's studio.
Its first client, made through Iger's connections at Wow! was Editors Press Service. Joshua B. Powers, reportedly a former U.S. government agent whose beat was South America, had founded the company when he retired, and provided Latin American newspapers with comics strips, cooking features and other material in exchange for ad space that he would in turn sell to U.S. companies. After expanding to other countries, Editors Press Service had a British client, the magazine Wags, for which Eisner and Iger, under the pseudonym "W. Morgan Thomas," created the leggy, leopard-wearing jungle goddess Sheena. That much-imitated "female Tarzan" would become famous stateside in 1938 when writer "William Thomas" and artist Mort Meskin took over her exploits in Eisner & Iger client Fiction House's Jumbo Comics No. 1.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".
Eisner & Iger created material as well for Fox Comics, Quality Comics, and others. By 1939, the firm had 15 writers, artists and letterers on staff, according to Eisner: "They were working for me full-time, on salary. I tried to avoid dealing with freelancers on a per-page basis",[7] (although future industry veteran Jack Kirby called his early work in the Eisner & Iger office freelance).Template:Cn Other future luminaries who worked there included Bob Kane, Lou Fine, Bernard Baily, Dick Briefer, Bob Powell, and Toni Blum. During this time, Eisner is credited with co-creating characters including Doll Man and Blackhawk.
Turning a profit of $1.50 a page, Eisner claimed, "I got very rich before I was 22",[8] later detailing that in Depression-era 1939, for example, he and Iger "had split $25,000 between us",[9] a considerable amount for the time.
S. M. Iger Studio
Template:Infobox company Eisner sold his share of company stock to Iger in late 1939 or early 1940 in order to leave and launch The Spirit. With Eisner gone, Iger continued as a packager under the company name the S. M. Iger Studio, hiring Ruth Roche as an editor in 1940. Ruthe was elevated to partner in 1945,[10] with some sources claiming the studio then became known as the Roche-Iger Studio.[11]
A number of notable creators stayed on at the company after Eisner left, including Alex Blum, Toni Blum, Nick Cardy, Louis Cazeneuve, Fletcher Hanks, Charles Nicholas, Bob Powell, and George Tuska. Other creators who packaged comics for the Iger Studio include Matt Baker, Al Feldstein, Dick Giordano, Jack Kamen, Joe Kubert, Al Plastino, Don Rico, and Superman co-creator Jerry Siegel. Female artists Toni Blum, Nina Albright, Ruth Atkinson, Ann Brewster, Fran Hopper,Template:Cn Lily Renée,Template:Cn and Marcia SnyderTemplate:Cn also worked for the studio, presumably getting a foot in the door thanks to Roche.Template:Cn
From 1946 to 1950, the studio packaged "Pre-Trend" material for EC Comics. From 1947 to 1954, the Iger Studio packaged comics for the Canadian publisher Superior,[12] and from 1954 to 1958, it packaged material for Ajax-Farrell titles.[10] (According to Who's Who of American Comic Books, Iger was co-owner of Superior from 1945 to Template:Circa 1956, and co-owner of Ajax-Farrell from 1946 to 1958.)[13]
The studio operated until 1961.[10]
Creators
Notable creators associated with Eisner & Iger[14] and the S. M. Iger Studio[10] (and the years they worked for the company):
Eisner & Iger
- Vince Alascia (1938–1939)
- Bernard Baily (1937–1939)
- Alex Blum[15] (1938–1939)
- Toni Blum (1938–1939)
- Dick Briefer (1937–1939)
- Nick Cardy (1939)
- Louis Cazeneuve (1939)
- Reed Crandall[16] (1939)
- Will Eisner (1937–1939)
- Robert Farrell (1939)
- Lou Fine (1938–1939)
- Fletcher Hanks (1939)
- Bob Kane (1937–1938)
- Jack Kirby (1937–1938)
- Mort Meskin (1938–1939)
- Charles Nicholas (1939)
- Bob Powell (1938–1939)
- Charles Sultan (1939)
- George Tuska (1939)[17]
- Chic Stone (intern, 1939)[18]
S. M. Iger Studio
- Nina Albright (1943–1944)
- Matt Baker (1944–1948)
- Alex Blum[15] (1940-1942)
- Toni Blum (1940–1942)
- Ann Brewster (Template:Circa 1944–1948)
- Nick Cardy (1940–1942)
- Louis Cazeneuve (1940–1941)
- John Celardo (1940–1941)
- Al Fagaly (Template:Circa 1941)
- Myron Fass (1949–Template:Circa 1953)
- Al Feldstein (1941–1948)
- Al Gabriele (Template:Circa 1941–1942)
- Frank Giacoia[19] (1941)
- Dick Giordano (1951–1952)
- Fletcher Hanks (1940)
- Jack Kamen (1942, 1946–1952)
- Henry C. Kiefer (Template:Circa 1940–Template:Circa 1953)
- Joe Kubert (Template:Circa 1942)
- Mort Leav (1941–1943)
- Jim Mooney (1940–1942)
- Ruben Moreira (1942–1943)
- Charles Nicholas (1940–1942)
- Klaus Nordling (1940–1941)
- Don Perlin (1949–1950)
- Al Plastino (1940–1941)
- Bob Powell (1940–1943)
- Don Rico (early 1940s)
- Art Saaf (1941–1942)
- Jerry Siegel (early 1950s)
- Sal Trapani (1950–1953)
- George Tuska (1940–1941)[17]
See also
Notes
References
External links
- Jerry Iger at the Lambiek Comiclopedia
- Wildwood Cemetery: The Spirit Database. Template:Webarchive.
- Template:Cite web
- Collectors Society forum: "Short-Lived Titles of the Golden Age"
- Holloway, Clark J. "Sheena, Queen of the Jungle", The Holloway Pages (fan site), 2000. Template:Webarchive.
- Template:Cite book
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite magazine
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wow, What a Magazine! at the Grand Comics Database.
- ↑ Template:Cite magazine
- ↑ Kitchen, Denis. "Annotations to The Dreamer," in Eisner, Will, The Dreamer (W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 2008), p. 49.
- ↑ Template:Cite book
- ↑ Alter Ego, p. 9
- ↑ Mercer, Marilyn. "The Only Real Middle-Class Crimefighter." New York (Sunday supplement, New York Herald Tribune), January 9, 1966; reprinted in Alter Ego No. 48 (May 2005), pp. 4–6
- ↑ Heintjes, Tom, The Spirit: The Origin Years #3 (Kitchen Sink Press, Sept. 1992)
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Hajdu, David. The Ten-Cent Plague: The Great Comic-Book Scare and How It Changed America (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008), , p. 26.
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Template:Cite news
- ↑ Stone in Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite web