View source for Snow-White (1933 film)

{{Distinguish|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Snow-White'' (1933 film)}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Snow-White
| image = Snow-White_(1933_film).png
| caption =
| director = [[Dave Fleischer]]
| story =
| animator = [[Roland Crandall]]
| starring = [[Mae Questel]]<br>[[Billy Murray (singer)|Billy Murray]]<br />[[Cab Calloway]]<br /> (vocal chorus)
| music =
| producer = [[Max Fleischer]]
| studio = [[Fleischer Studios]]
| distributor = [[Paramount Pictures]]
| released = {{Film date|1933|03|31}}
| color_process = Black and white
| runtime = 7 mins
| language = English
}}
'''''Snow-White''''' (also known as '''''Betty Boop in Snow-White''''') is a 1933 American [[animation|animated]] short in the ''[[Betty Boop]]'' series from [[Max Fleischer]]'s [[Fleischer Studios]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Enchanted Screen: The Unknown History of Fairy-Tale Films|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RXSQAgAAQBAJ|first=Jack|last=Zipes|publisher=Routledge|year=2011|isbn=9781135853952|page=120}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M_3kNDKhxIcC|first=Gary|last=Westfahl|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2005|volume=Themes, Works, and Wonders, Volume 3|isbn=9780313329500|page=1238}}</ref> [[Dave Fleischer]] was credited as director, although virtually all the animation was done by [[Roland Crandall]], who received the opportunity to make ''Snow-White'' on his own as a reward for his several years of devotion to the Fleischer studio. The resulting film, which took six months to complete, is considered both Crandall's masterwork and an important milestone of the [[Golden age of American animation]].

==Synopsis==
A magic mirror resembling [[Cab Calloway]] proclaims Betty Boop to be "the fairest in the land", much to the anger of [[Queen (Snow White) in derivative works|the Queen]]. The Queen orders her guards [[Bimbo (Fleischer Studios)|Bimbo]] and [[Koko the Clown|Koko]] to execute Betty. With tears in their eyes, they take Betty into the forest; as they prepare to execute her, they spare her by destroying their weapons, but fall into a pit before they can free her. Betty escapes into a frozen river, which encloses her in a coffin of ice. This block slips downhill to the home of the [[seven dwarfs]], who carry the frozen Betty into an enchanted cave, running into Koko and Bimbo. The evil Queen, now transformed into a witch, turns Koko into a ghost as he sings the [[St. James Infirmary Blues]]. With her rivals disposed of, the Queen again asks the magic mirror who the fairest in the land is, but the mirror explodes in a puff of magic smoke that returns Betty and Koko to their normal states and changes the Queen into a hideous and mysterious dragon-like monster. The dragon-like monster chases the protagonists until Bimbo grabs its tongue and yanks it, turning the creature inside out and causing it to flee away. Betty, Koko, and Bimbo dance around in a circle of victory as the film ends.<ref>{{cite book|title=Understanding Animation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tkEYAgAAQBAJ|first=Paul|last=Wells|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=9781136158735|pages=74–75}}</ref>

==Legacy==
Koko's dancing (including some moves that look like the much later "[[moonwalk (dance)|moonwalk]]" and "[[dab (dance)|dab]]") during the "St. James" number is [[rotoscope]]d from footage of [[Cab Calloway]].<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/aDATXtewPrg Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20120125102449/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDATXtewPrg Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Citation|last=rahree|title=Koko the Clown sings "St. James Infirmary Blues" in Betty Boop's Snow White|date=2009-05-10|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDATXtewPrg|access-date=2018-05-14}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.vulture.com/article/most-influential-best-scenes-animation-history.html |title=The 100 Sequences That Shaped Animation |newspaper=[[Vulture (magazine)|Vulture]] |editor-first=Eric |editor-last=Vilas-Boas |editor2-first=John |editor2-last=Maher |date=October 5, 2020 |quote=But in 1933, Fleischer Studios put Betty Boop and Koko the Clown in the seven-minute Betty Boop in ''Snow-White'' short animated by Roland C. Crandall, with a rotoscoped set piece in the middle, set to "St. James Infirmary Blues", performed by jazz artist Cab Calloway. [...] Here, Calloway seems to moonwalk along the animated landscape as Koko, arms out, singing a blues song about death and decay. When the witch casts her mirror over him, he becomes a ghost, at which point the rotoscoping gives seamlessly to impossible contortions.}}</ref>

The film was deemed "culturally significant" by the United States [[Library of Congress]] and selected for preservation in the [[National Film Registry]] in 1994. The same year, it was voted #19 of the [[50 Greatest Cartoons]] of all time by members of the animation field.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Beck |first1=Jerry |title=The 50 Greatest Cartoons: As Selected by 1,000 Animation Professionals |date=1994 |publisher=Turner Publishing |isbn=978-1878685490}}</ref> The film is copyrighted by Paramount due to its copyright being renewed in 1961.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyr3151213libr/page/67/ textsCatalog of Copyright Entries 1961 Motion Pictures Jan-Dec 3D Ser Vol 15 Pts 12-13]</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Film|United States|Cartoon}}
* [[Snow White]]
* ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]''

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=0024578|title=Snow White}}
* {{Internet Archive short film|id=bb_snow_white|name=Snow White}}

{{Snow White}}
{{Betty Boop films}}{{Cab Calloway}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Snow White (1933 Film)}}
[[Category:1933 films]]
[[Category:1933 animated short films]]
[[Category:1930s American animated films]]
[[Category:United States National Film Registry films]]
[[Category:Films based on Snow White]]
[[Category:Betty Boop cartoons]]
[[Category:Short films directed by Dave Fleischer]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Paramount Pictures short films]]
[[Category:Fleischer Studios short films]]
[[Category:1930s English-language films]]
[[Category:English-language short films]]
[[Category:American animated black-and-white films]]