View source for Penguin (character)

{{Short description|DC Comics character}}
{{Redirect|The Penguin|the television series|The Penguin (TV series){{!}}''The Penguin'' (TV series)|other uses|Penguin (disambiguation)<!-- Please read [[WP:DISAMBIG#Links to disambiguation pages]] and [[WP:R2D]] before trying to "fix" this, as the redirect is intentionally set up this way. Per [[WP:HNP]] it should also remain above everything else. Thanks. -->}}
{{Redirect|Oswald Cobblepot|the ''Batman Returns'' film character|Oswald Cobblepot (Batman Returns){{!}}Oswald Cobblepot (''Batman Returns'')|the ''Gotham'' television series character|Oswald Cobblepot (Gotham){{!}}Oswald Cobblepot (''Gotham'')}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox comics character
| image          = Penguin (Oswald Cobblepot).png
| converted      = yes
| caption        = The Penguin, as he appears on the cover of ''Secret Origins Special'' #1 (August 1989).<br>Art by [[Brian Bolland]].
| character_name = The Penguin
| real_name      = Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot
| aliases        = {{plainlist|
* Mr. Boniface
* Matthew Richardson
* The Gentleman of Crime
* Cobblepot
* Uncle Pengy
* The King of Gotham}}
| publisher      = [[DC Comics]]
| debut          = ''[[Detective Comics]]'' #58 (December 1941)
| creators       = [[Bill Finger]] (writer)<br>[[Bob Kane]] (artist)
| alliances      = {{plainlist|
* [[Iceberg Lounge]]
* [[Suicide Squad]]
* [[Secret Society of Super Villains]]
* [[Injustice League]]
* Super Foes}}
| powers         = * Criminal mastermind
* Uses high-tech umbrellas equipped with various weapons
}}
The '''Penguin''' ('''Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot''') is a <!--Do not add "fictional" as it is tautological; supervillains (and characters in general) are by definition implied to be fictionalized to some extent.-->fictional character appearing in [[American comic books]] published by [[DC Comics]], commonly as an adversary of the [[superhero]] [[Batman]]. The character made his first appearance in ''[[Detective Comics]]'' #58 (December 1941) and was created by [[Bob Kane]] and [[Bill Finger]].<ref name=DC#58>''Detective Comics'' #58</ref> The Penguin is one of Batman's most enduring enemies and belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up [[list of Batman Family adversaries#Classic rogues gallery|Batman's rogues gallery]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fleisher |first1=Michael L. |title=The Encyclopedia of Comic Book Heroes, Volume 1: Batman |date=1976 |publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co |isbn=0-02-538700-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofco01flei |url-access=registration |access-date=29 March 2020 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofco01flei/page/295 295]-306}}</ref> The Penguin has repeatedly been named one of the best Batman villains and one of the greatest villains in comics. The Penguin was ranked #51 in IGN's list of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Top 100 Comic Book Villains, IGN|url=http://www.ign.com/top/comic-book-villains/|website=IGN|access-date=July 28, 2015}}</ref>

The Penguin is a [[Gotham City]] mobster who fancies himself the number one "Gentleman of Crime". He is most often seen as a short, fat man with a long nose who wears a [[monocle]], [[top hat]], and [[morning suit]] while carrying his signature [[Umbrella#As a weapon of attack|umbrella]]. He also has a [[cigarette holder]] in his mouth. The Penguin uses high-tech umbrellas as different tools. His umbrellas have been used as guns, gas, swords/knives, a mini-helicopter and many other unconventional tools.  The Penguin owns and runs a nightclub called the [[Iceberg Lounge]] which provides a cover for his criminal activity.

Batman sometimes uses the nightclub as a source of criminal underworld information. Unlike most of Batman's rogues gallery, the Penguin is completely sane and in full control of his actions, giving him a unique relationship with Batman. According to his creator Bob Kane, the character was inspired by the advertising mascot of [[Kool (cigarette)|Kool]] cigarettes in the 1940s; a penguin with a top hat and cane. However, similarities have been found between Penguin's design and the appearance of the [[Dick Tracy]] character Broadway Bates, who was introduced in 1932. Co-creator Bill Finger thought that the image of high-society gentlemen in tuxedos was reminiscent of [[emperor penguin]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comics101.com/comics101//?mode=project&action=view&project=Comics%20101&chapter=67 |title=The Enemies List |publisher=Comics 101 |date=January 14, 2004 |access-date=December 25, 2010 |archive-date=April 5, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140405001513/http://www.comics101.com/comics101/?mode=project&action=view&project=Comics+101&chapter=67 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His main color is usually purple.

The character has been featured in various media adaptations, including feature films, television series, and video games. His live-action portrayals include [[Burgess Meredith]] in the 1960s ''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]'' television series and its [[Batman (1966 film)|spin-off film]], [[Danny DeVito]] in the film ''[[Batman Returns]]'', [[Robin Lord Taylor]] in the television series ''[[Gotham (TV series)|Gotham]]'', and [[Colin Farrell]] in the film ''[[The Batman (film)|The Batman]],'' as well as the character's [[The Penguin (TV series)|eponymous television series]] on [[HBO]]. [[Paul Williams (songwriter)|Paul Williams]], [[Tom Kenny]], [[Nolan North]], [[Wayne Knight]], [[Stephen Root]], [[Elias Toufexis]], and others have provided the character's voice, ranging from animation to video games.
{{TOC limit|3}}

==Publication history==
{{expand section|date=September 2020}}
The Penguin made his first appearance in ''[[Detective Comics]]'' #58 (December 1941) and was created by [[Bob Kane]] and [[Bill Finger]].<ref name=DC#58/> The character is set to receive his first solo title as a part of the Dawn of DC initiative, with the book being written by [[Tom King (writer)|Tom King]] and drawn by Rafael de Latorre.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Penguin Gets His Own Comic Series From Fan-Favorite Batman Writer |url=https://comicbook.com/dc/news/the-penguin-dc-comics-tom-king-batman-june-2023/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=DC |date=March 19, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

==Fictional character biography==
===Golden Age===
{{Summarize section|date=August 2022}}
Originally known only by his alias, the Penguin first appeared in [[Gotham City]] as a skilled thief, sneaking a pair of priceless paintings (valued at $250,000 in 1941 dollars) out of an art museum by hiding the rolled-up canvases in the handle of his umbrella. The Penguin later used the stolen paintings as proof of his underworld acumen to a local mob boss, who allowed him to join his crime family. With the Penguin's planning, the mob pulled off a string of ingenious heists. The "be-monocled bird" and the mobster eventually fell out, leading Cobblepot to kill him with his umbrella gun. The Penguin became the leader of the mob and attempted to neutralize Batman by framing him for the theft of a statue which Penguin, himself, had stolen. As part of the plot, Penguin actually already owned the statue and was framing Batman and [[Robin (comics)|Robin]] to commit insurance fraud. The Penguin's plans were eventually prevented, but the bandit himself escaped.<ref name=DC#58/>

Penguin was later sighted when Dick Grayson was traveling on a train. Batman and Robin found out that he was getting reward money for turning in criminals that he later sprung from prison. While Batman and Robin defeated the criminals during the conflict, Penguin fell into the [[Mississippi River]].<ref>''Detective Comics'' #59. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin made his way to Florida where he set up a gambling operation with Joe Crow, Buzzard Benny, and Canary where the patrons would win big and then they would be followed by Penguin's henchmen so that they can rob them. Batman and Robin put an end to the gambling operation, but Penguin got away.<ref>''Batman'' #11. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later utilized some exotic birds to assist in his crime spree. Batman and Robin stopped this spree, but Penguin escaped again.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #67. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later set himself up as an underworld advisor where he sold his foolproof plans to different criminals. When the criminals pulled off a successful heist, Penguin would kill them and steal their loot. To get to the bottom of this caper, Batman posed as a rival criminal called "Bad News Brewster". Despite Penguin realising that Batman was posing as a criminal, Penguin was brought to justice.<ref>''Batman'' #14. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin soon became less violent and began to obsess over birds and umbrellas. After breaking out of prison, Penguin heard that Batman didn't consider him a threatening villain. To prove Batman wrong, Penguin built himself some gimmick guns and fishing poles. Batman was able to defeat him with an umbrella.<ref>''Batman'' #17. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later escaped from prison and tried to rob three eccentric millionaires. While Batman and Robin failed to catch him after the first two robberies, succeeded during the third due to the fact that the third millionaire has been dead for a year.<ref>''Batman'' #21. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later escaped from prison. To catch him, Batman and Robin set up an umbrella repair shop. Despite some difficulties, Batman and Robin were finally able to catch Penguin when he tripped over an umbrella.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #87. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later met [[Joker (character)|Joker]] in prison. After escaping, Penguin and Joker competed against each other in robberies until they eventually cooperated. Their differences would be the advantage that Batman and Robin would use to apprehend them.<ref>''Batman #25''. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin took the son of a criminal under his wing and started to teach him about crime. The uninterested boy wrote a book about Penguin's crimes, impressing Penguin to the point where he plotted to get it published. When that failed, he started to steal some publishing supplies which led to the boy attracting the attention of Batman and Robin. After Batman and Robin apprehended Penguin, the book is shown to the readers that "crime doesn't pay".<ref>''Batman'' #27. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later attempted to extort money from a shipping company by pretending to flash-freeze a member of its board of directors. This plot was foiled when Batman and Robin found that the frozen victims were all dummies.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #99. DC Comics.</ref> His next plot also failed.<ref>''Batman'' #30. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin's next crimes included being tricked by three crooks into distracting Batman & Robin,<ref>''Batman'' #33. DC Comics.</ref> and opening a restaurant called the Penguin's Nest as part of a plot to get arrested to collaborate with an incarcerated forger. <ref>''Batman'' #36. DC Comics.</ref>

When a fire broke out in prison, Penguin saved the [[prison warden]]. He was released on parole and tried to go straight only for him to see a cartoon that depicted and mocked penguins. This sent him into a frenzied spree, until his eventual capture.<ref>''Batman'' #38. DC Comics.</ref>

Next, Penguin posed as an assistant to a reclusive ornithologist named Professor Boyd where he used his ornithology stage as a front. <ref>''Detective Comics'' #120. DC Comics.</ref>

Upon release, Penguin set up his own bird shop where he sold his birds to the prominent people of Gotham City. The birdcages had bombs that would enable Penguin to break into their houses and rob them.<ref>''Batman'' #41. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin's next plot involved extorting the singers of Gotham City by using special microphones that released a type of gas that affected the singers' singing abilities, which he held to ransom. <ref>''Detective Comics'' #126. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin's next step was to compete with Joker and [[Catwoman]]'s crime waves, with his own involving rare birds. As usual, Penguin was apprehended by Batman once again.<ref>''Batman'' #43. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin was then forced to improvise when a thunderbolt destroyed his hideout and trick umbrellas. <ref>''Detective Comics'' #134. DC Comics.</ref>

After his arrest, Penguin began to use codes in order to get information on how to break out of prison, but was foiled when Batman obtained his code book.<ref>''World's Finest'' #35. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin broke out of prison and vowed not to use birds in his crime spree. One of those crime sprees caused Penguin to be tripped by birds. When some chicks swallowed some diamonds, he attempts to make off with them only to be apprehended by Batman and Robin.<ref>''Batman'' #48. DC Comics.</ref>

Upon being released from prison, Penguin started a sideshow attraction called Pee-Wee the Talking Penguin. This was a cover for a scheme to use the penguin costume to commit robberies to obtain the money to pay off his previously hired goons. <ref>''Batman'' #51. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin got out of jail for snitching on the criminal Squeeze Miller which led to Miller's execution. He was surprised that Miller listed him in his will. To get the inheritance, Penguin had to commit a specific robbery using specific birds. He was apprehended when it turned out that Miller's inheritance was worthless.<ref>''Batman'' #56. DC Comics.</ref>

After being paroled, he tries to get the Bird Lovers' Society to elect the penguin the state bird. When that was turned down, Penguin seeks revenge by stealing from the society. <ref>''Batman'' #58. DC Comics.</ref>

After yet another arrest and imprisonment, he uses the prison's workshop to create mechanical wings and escape from prison. He and his henchmen use the wings to abduct Robin and force Batman to reveal his true identity. Batman rescued Robin and defeated Penguin and his henchmen.<ref>''Batman'' #61. DC Comics.</ref>

After so many failed attempts, Penguin had difficulty recruiting henchmen.<ref>''World's Finest'' #49. DC Comics.</ref> He feigned going straight again and  converted a mansion into a museum and bird sanctuary, where he started returning stolen loot to the robbery victims. This turned out to be a plot to plant gas bombs and re-steal the loot.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #171. DC Comics.</ref>

On Penguin's birthday, he received mocking gifts from other criminals.<ref>''World's Finest'' #55. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin is paroled from prison again and was asked to release his birds as a sign of good will. Penguin proceeds to open up his umbrella company called Penguin Umbrellas Inc. where he even fooled Batman into endorsing his products, which contained special magnets. Following the robbery, Penguin fled to Oasis Beach Island in the Caribbean Sea where he attempted another umbrella-themed theft before being apprehended by Batman and Robin.<ref>''Batman'' #70. DC Comics.</ref>

In his final Golden Age appearance, Penguin pretended to be a legitimate businessman where he sold counterfeit mythological birds. Penguin then claimed that Batman was associated with a Man-Bat of his own design.<ref>''Batman'' #76. DC Comics.</ref>

=== Silver Age ===
Born '''Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot''', the Penguin was [[Bullying|bullied]] as a child for his short stature, weight, way of walking, and beak-like nose. Several stories relate that he was forced, as a child, to always carry an umbrella by his overprotective mother due to his father dying of [[Pneumonia|bronchial pneumonia]] from refusing to take one while going out in the rain. His parents owned a bird shop, where Cobblepot spent most of his time with the birds, seeing them as his only friends, and lavishing them with attention. His love of birds would eventually lead him to study [[ornithology]] in college – only to find out that he knew more about birds than most of his professors did. In some versions, Cobblepot turns to crime after his mother dies and the bird shop, along with all of her birds, is repossessed to pay her debts.<ref>As first revealed in ''[[The Best of DC]]'' #10 (March 1981). DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin's first fight with Batman and Robin occurred when he was behind a series of thefts and left behind eggs as clues.  Penguin's egg clue proved to be his undoing when he got bitten by a baby alligator that hatched from one of the eggs.<ref>''Batman'' #99. DC Comics.</ref>

The injury Penguin got from the alligator caused him to briefly retire from crime. After being mocked by other criminals, Penguin began to plague Batman again by committing bird-related crimes. He was foiled by Batman and Robin.<ref>''Batman'' #155. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin tricked Batman into planning his next robbery by planting bugged umbrellas around Gotham City. He was foiled by Batman and Robin.<ref>''Batman'' #169. DC Comics.</ref>

Andrew Helm used his Corti-Conscious Machine to manipulate Penguin, [[Captain Cold]], [[Mirror Master]], and [[Shark (comics)|Shark]] into battling the [[Justice League]].<ref>''Justice League of America'' #40. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin collaborated with Joker and [[Riddler]] into turning Batman into some type of Bat-Hulk using an experimental gas. [[Metamorpho]] helped to restore Batman to normal and they apprehended all three criminals.<ref>''The Brave and the Bold'' #68. DC Comics.</ref>

At the time when Penguin was robbing a bird sanctuary in Metropolis, he nearly gets killed due to Catwoman's plot that involved her hypnotizing [[Lois Lane]] into attacking him only for it to be averted thanks to [[Superman]]'s intervention.<ref>''Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane'' #70. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin gathered his gang and armed them with weapons from the future to combat modern crime-fighting technology. While most of these plots were foiled by Batman and Robin, Penguin was knocked out by [[Alfred Pennyworth]].<ref>''Batman'' #190. DC Comics.</ref>

While in prison, Penguin and Joker heard the news that Batman is retiring. This turned out to be a ruse.<ref>''Batman'' #191. DC Comics.</ref>

At the time when Batman was shaking off the effects from [[Scarecrow (DC Comics)|Scarecrow]]'s fear pills, Penguin escapes from prison and ends up apprehended by Batman and Robin.<ref>''Batman'' #200. DC Comics.</ref>

[[Doctor Destiny]] manipulates Penguin, [[Doctor Light (Arthur Light)|Doctor Light]], [[Lex Luthor]], [[Tattooed Man]], Cutlass Charlie, [[Captain Boomerang]], [[Floronic Man]], and I.Q. into switching bodies with the Justice League. Penguin switched bodies with Batman. The Justice League managed to thwart this plot and apprehend the villains.<ref>''Justice League of America'' #61. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin, Joker, Catwoman, the Imposter [[Mad Hatter (DC Comics)|Mad Hatter]], [[Cluemaster]], Getaway Genius, and [[Johnny Witts]] get concerned about the western mob encroaching in their territory. Coming together as the Gangland Guardians, they competed with the western mob in taking out Batman first.<ref>''Batman'' #201. DC Comics.</ref>

After laying low for a short time, Penguin began his next plot that involved kidnapping a young ruler named King Peeble IV of Swawak in order to take over Swawak. Batman and Robin defeated him with help from [[Talia al Ghul]].<ref>''Batman'' #257. DC Comics.</ref>

At the time when [[King Kull (DC Comics)|King Kull]] plotted to cause havoc on Earth-One, Earth-Two, and Earth-S, he enlists Penguin, [[Queen Clea]] of Earth-Two, [[Blockbuster (DC Comics)|Blockbuster]] of Earth-One, and [[Ibac]] of Earth-S for his attack on Earth-Two, where he tries to wreck [[Atlantis (Aquaman)|Atlantis]] and use a cloud to sink islands. They are thwarted by [[Superman]] of Earth-One, [[Wonder Woman (Earth-Two)|Wonder Woman]] of Earth-Two, [[Green Arrow]] of Earth-One, and [[Spy Smasher]] of Earth-S.<ref>''Justice League of America'' #135 (October 1976). DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin then did a heist on treasures belonging to short rulers using robot versions of extinct birds to keep Batman busy. Batman managed to apprehend Penguin.<ref>''Batman'' #287. DC Comics.</ref> Penguin did another little man-motive crime and was apprehended by Batman again.<ref>''Batman'' #288. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later participated in [[Hugo Strange]]'s auction of Batman's secret identity.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #472. DC Comics.</ref>

At the time when the Gotham City council outlawed Batman and Robin, both of them had to work outside the law to apprehend Penguin during his diamond heist.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #473. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin collaborated with [[Terra-Man]] in a plot to hypnotize Superman into thinking he's the [[Sundance Kid]] and have him attack Batman. Once Batman snapped Superman out of this hypnosis, they proceeded to apprehend Penguin and Terra-Man.<ref>''World's Finest'' #261. DC Comics.</ref>

At the time when Penguin was planning to rob a [[Pterodactylus]] egg from the museum, he was easily thwarted by Robin.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #492. DC Comics.</ref>

When four criminals plotted to testify against Penguin, he began a plot to kill them before they can do that. This plot was foiled by Batman and [[Black Canary (Dinah Laurel Lance)|Black Canary]].<ref>''The Brave and the Bold'' #166. DC Comics.</ref>

Using a trained falcon, Penguin captured a millionaire. It took the combined efforts of Batman, Robin, and Green Arrow to rescue the millionaire and defeat Penguin.<ref>''The Brave and the Bold'' #185. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin later did a plot that involved having a fake Joker murder him. This was thwarted by Batman and the real Joker.<ref>''The Brave and the Bold'' #191. DC Comics.</ref>

Joker recruited Penguin, Riddler, [[Two-Face]], [[Mr. Freeze]], Mad Hatter, Scarecrow, [[Clayface]] II, [[Black Spider]], [[Cavalier (character)|Cavalier]], [[Signalman (comics)|Signalman]], and Spook in a plot to take out [[Killer Croc]]. The villains were defeated by Batman, Robin, [[Barbara Gordon|Batgirl]], Catwoman, and Talia al Ghul.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #526. DC Comics.</ref>

Penguin stole an early warning system that the Pentagon developed. He planned to sell it to some Russian spies.<ref>''Batman'' #374. DC Comics.</ref> Batman tracked Penguin down to Antarctica and defeated him. Though he did learn that Penguin was planning on double-crossing the Russian spies.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #541. DC Comics.</ref>

During the "[[Crisis on Infinite Earths]]" storyline, Penguin is among the superheroes and supervillains that were gathered by Lex Luthor of Earth-Three and [[Harbinger (DC Comics)|Harbinger]] to deal with the destruction of the [[Multiverse (DC Comics)|Multiverse]] at the hands of the [[Anti-Monitor]].<ref>''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' #5. DC Comics.</ref> After the Anti-Monitor was seemingly destroyed, Penguin was among the villains recruited by Lex Luthor to join a coalition of supervillains that plan to take control of the remaining universes. He was dispatched to Earth-S and fought with the superheroes sent to liberate Earth-S.<ref>''Crisis on Infinite Earths'' #9. DC Comics.</ref>

The Penguin made his last Silver Age appearance during the last appearance of the [[Earth-One]] Batman. After he and a multitude of Batman's enemies are broken out of [[Arkham Asylum]] and [[Gotham State Penitentiary]] by [[Ra's al Ghul]], the Penguin carries out Ra's' plans to kidnap Batman's friends and allies. Penguin, Joker, Mad Hatter, Cavalier, [[Deadshot]], and [[Killer Moth]] lay siege to Gotham City Police Headquarters, but are infuriated when Joker sabotages their attempt at holding [[Jim Gordon (character)|Commissioner James Gordon]] for ransom. A standoff ensues, with Joker on one side and Penguin and Mad Hatter on the other. The Joker quickly subdues both with a burst of laughing gas from one of his many gadgets.<ref>''Batman'' #400. DC Comics.</ref>

===Post-''Crisis''===
Following the rebooting the history of the [[DC Universe]], the Penguin was relegated to sporadic appearances, until writer [[Alan Grant (writer)|Alan Grant]] (who had earlier penned the Penguin origin story "The Killing Peck" in ''Secret Origins Special'' #1) and artist [[Norm Breyfogle]] brought him back, deadlier than ever.

In this continuity, Oswald Cobblepot is an outcast in his high-society family and their rejection drives him to become a criminal. In keeping with his aristocratic origins, the Penguin pursues his criminal career while wearing [[Formal wear|formal attire]] such as a [[top hat]], [[monocle]], and [[Tuxedo (clothing)|tuxedo]], especially of the "white-tie-and-tails" design. He is one of the relatively few villains in Batman's rogues gallery who is sane and in full control of his actions, although still ruthless and capable of extreme violence. He is also highly intelligent and can even match wits with Batman, in some cases using his access to information and business connections to assist the vigilante. Batman once admitted the Penguin is smarter than he is.<ref>''Batman: Penguin Triumphant'' (1992). DC Comics.</ref>

During their run, the Penguin forms a brief partnership with hypnotist Mortimer Kadaver, who helps him fake his own death as a ploy to strike an unsuspecting Gotham, only for Kadaver to include a post-hypnotic suggestion that will leave Penguin back in his comatose state and only able to be awoken by a command that Kadaver alone knows. The Penguin later kills Kadaver, after plugging his own ears with [[toilet paper]] so that the hypnotist no longer has power over him.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #610-611. DC Comics.</ref> After Batman foils this particular endeavor, the Penguin embarks on one of his grandest schemes ever in the three-part story "The Penguin Affair". Finding [[Harold Allnut]] being tormented by two gang members, the Penguin takes in the technologically gifted [[Kyphosis|hunchback]], showing him kindness in exchange for services. Harold builds a gadget that allows the Penguin to control flocks of birds from miles away, which the Penguin utilizes to destroy radio communications in Gotham and crash a passenger plane. This endeavor, too, is foiled by Batman, who hires Harold as his mechanic.

The Penguin resurfaces during [[Jean Paul Valley]]'s tenure as Batman and is one of the few people to deduce that Valley is not the original Caped Crusader. To confirm his theory, he kidnaps [[Sarah Essen Gordon]], places her in a death trap set to go off at midnight, and turns himself in, utilizing the opportunity to mock her husband Commissioner Gordon as midnight approaches. An increasingly infuriated Gordon is nearly driven to throw him off the police headquarters roof before Valley rescues Sarah moments before midnight. As Valley leaves, he says, "There's nothing the Penguin can throw at me that I haven't encountered before." The Penguin reluctantly agrees with this sentiment, accepting that he has become passé.<ref>''Showcase '94'' #7. DC Comics.</ref> Subsequently, the Penguin turns his attentions to a new ''modus operandi'', operating behind the front of a legitimate restaurant and casino he calls "[[Iceberg Lounge|The Iceberg Lounge]]", which Batman sometimes uses as a source of criminal underworld information.<ref>''Detective Comics'' #683. DC Comics.</ref> Though he is arrested for criminal activities several times during the course of his "reform", he always manages to secure a release from prison thanks to his high-priced lawyers.

In the storyline "[[No Man's Land (comics)|No Man's Land]]", Gotham City is nearly leveled by an [[earthquake]]. The Penguin stays behind when the [[U.S. government]] blockades the city. He becomes one of the major players in the lawless city, using his connections to profit by trading the money that nobody else in Gotham could use for goods through his contacts outside the city. One of these connections is discovered to be Lex Luthor and his company [[LexCorp]]. The Penguin's information helps Luthor to gain control of Gotham's property records, but Luthor dismisses him when the Penguin attempts to blackmail Luthor.

The Penguin was swept up in the events of ''[[Infinite Crisis]]''. In the seventh issue, he is briefly seen as part of the Battle of Metropolis, a multi-character brawl started by [[Alexander Luthor Jr.]]'s [[Secret Society of Super Villains]] which he is a member of. The Penguin, along with several other villains, is bowled over at the surprise appearance of [[Bart Allen]].

[[One Year Later]] while the Penguin is away from Gotham City, the [[Great White Shark (comics)|Great White Shark]] and the [[Tally Man]] kill many of the villains who had worked for him, and frame the reformed Harvey Dent. The Great White Shark had planned to take over Gotham's criminal syndicate and eliminate the competition, the Penguin included. Upon his return to Gotham, the Penguin continues to claim that he has gone straight, and reopens the Iceberg, selling overpriced Penguin merchandise. He urges the Riddler to avoid crime, as their new shady but legal lifestyle is more lucrative.

The Penguin was featured as a prominent figure in the ''[[Gotham Underground]]'' tie-in to the series ''[[Countdown (comics)|Countdown]]''. He fights a gang war against [[Tobias Whale]], [[Intergang]] and the [[New Rogues]], while supposedly running an "underground railroad" for criminals. In the end, Batman convinces the Penguin to become his informant.<ref>''Gotham Underground'' #9. DC Comics.</ref>

The Penguin later loses Batman's support after [[Batman R.I.P.|the latter's mysterious disappearance]] and Intergang's exploitation of [[Final Crisis|the return of the Apokoliptan Gods]]. He appears in ''Battle for the Cowl: The Underground'', which depicts the effects of Batman's disappearance on his enemies. The Penguin's mob is absorbed by [[Jeremiah Arkham|Black Mask II]], who controls his criminal activities. The Penguin, with the aid of the [[Mad Hatter (DC Comics)|Mad Hatter]], abducts Batman and brainwashes him to assassinate Black Mask.

During the events of ''[[Brightest Day]]'', the [[Birds of Prey (comics)|Birds of Prey]] discover the Penguin beaten and stabbed at the feet of the [[Twelve Brothers in Silk#White Canary|White Canary]].<ref>''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 2) #1. DC Comics.</ref> The Birds rescue him and flee to the Iceberg. While recovering, the Penguin expresses his attraction to the [[Hawk and Dove#Holly and Dawn Granger|Dove]].<ref>''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 2) #2-3. DC Comics.</ref> Eventually, the Penguin reveals that his injury had been a ruse and that he is working with the White Canary in exchange for valuable computer files on the superhero community. He betrays the Birds and seriously injures both [[Lady Blackhawk]] and the [[Hank Hall|Hawk]] before the [[Huntress (Helena Bertinelli)|Huntress]] defeats him.<ref>''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 2) #4. DC Comics.</ref> The Huntress tapes him up with the intention of taking him with her, only to be informed by Oracle that she has to let him go due to a police manhunt for the Birds. The Huntress considers killing him with her crossbow, but ultimately leaves him bound and gagged in an alley with the promise that she would exact her vengeance on him later.<ref>''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 2) #5. DC Comics.</ref>

The Penguin is eventually attacked by the [[Secret Six (comics)|Secret Six]], who kill many of his guards in an ambush at his mansion. [[Bane (comics)|Bane]] informs him that he needs information on Batman's partners, as he plans on killing [[Tim Drake|Red Robin]], [[Stephanie Brown (comics)|Batgirl]], [[Catwoman]], and [[Azrael (comics)#Michael Washington Lane|Azrael]].<ref>''Secret Six'' (vol. 3) #35. DC Comics.</ref> The Penguin soon betrays the team's location, which results in the [[Justice League]], the [[Teen Titans]], the [[Birds of Prey (comics)|Birds of Prey]], the [[Justice Society of America|Justice Society]], and various other heroes hunting down and capturing the criminals.<ref>''Secret Six'' (vol. 3) #36</ref> Around this time, a new supervillain, who calls himself the Architect, plants a bomb in the Iceberg Lounge as revenge for crimes committed by the Penguin's ancestor. Though [[Cassandra Cain|Blackbat]] and [[Damian Wayne|Robin]] are able to evacuate the building, the Lounge is destroyed in the ensuing explosion.<ref>''Batman: Gates of Gotham'' #2. DC Comics.</ref>

===The New 52===
In 2011, [[The New 52]] rebooted the DC universe. The Penguin is a client of a criminal named Raju who was sent to offer gold to the [[Dollmaker (comics)|Dollmaker]] for Batman's release.<ref>''Detective Comics'' (vol. 2) #4. DC Comics.</ref> While in his Iceberg Casino, the Penguin views a disguised Charlotte Rivers on his surveillance cameras and tells his henchwoman Lark to make sure Rivers gets "a story to die for".<ref>''Detective Comics'' (vol. 2) #5 (January 2012). DC Comics.</ref> During the ''[[Death of the Family]]'' crossover, the Penguin puts his right-hand man Ignatius Ogilvy in charge of his operations in his temporary absence. Ogilvy, however, uses the Penguin's absence to declare him dead, taking over his gang and killing those loyal to him. Under the alias "Emperor Penguin",<ref>''Detective Comics'' (vol. 2) #15. DC Comics</ref> Ogilvy takes over the Penguin's operations. Upon the Joker's defeat, Batman unsuccessfully attempts to imprison the Penguin in Blackgate Penitentiary, only to be forced to release him later. Upon learning of Ogilvy's betrayal, the Penguin attacks his former henchman's new empire, but Batman intervenes and arrests him. The Penguin is found not guilty, however, thanks to the machinations of his ally Mr. Combustible threatening the judge's family. Meanwhile, Ogilvy releases Kirk Langstrom's [[Man-Bat]] serum on Gotham City, turning many of the citizens into Man-Bats. Langstrom discovers a cure, returning the citizens to normal. Ogilvy then takes the serum himself which was spiced with the Venom drug and one of [[Poison Ivy (character)|Poison Ivy]]'s plant concoctions. Emperor Penguin then challenges Batman openly to a fight, defeating the masked vigilante with his newfound prowess and leaving him to be rescued by the Penguin. The pair forge a temporary alliance and defeat Ogilvy.<ref>''Detective Comics'' (vol. 2) #20. DC Comics.</ref>

The Penguin also played a role in the Black Canary's rebooted origin. In ''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 4) #0, Dinah sought to land a job at the Iceberg Lounge, knowing that a lead on the Basilisk organization which she was pursuing would soon spring up there. Unfortunately, the Penguin was not in the habit of taking job applications, so she decided to prove her worth by infiltrating the outfit by herself. When she arrived in the Penguin's bathroom, he was unimpressed. To prove her worth, she demonstrated her special ability: a sonic scream that could shake down the roof, if it were intense enough. Naturally, the scream alerted the Penguin's henchmen, and she made short work of them with her martial arts skills. Finally impressed, the Penguin hired her, and dubbed her the '''Black Canary''' in keeping with the ornithological theme.<ref>''Birds of Prey'' (vol. 4) #0. DC Comics.</ref>

During the "[[Forever Evil]]" storyline, the Penguin is among the villains recruited by the [[Crime Syndicate of America]] to join the Secret Society of Super Villains.<ref>''Forever Evil'' #1. DC Comics.</ref> With the heroes gone, the Penguin becomes the Mayor of Gotham City and divides the different territories among the inmates of [[Arkham Asylum]].<ref>''Detective Comics'' (vol. 2) #23.3. DC Comics.</ref> Bane retrieves Ignatius Ogilvy (now calling himself "Emperor Blackgate") for the Penguin as part of their agreement. When Bane brings him to the Penguin, he tells Emperor Blackgate that the Arkham fighters are not scared of Bane as he does not instill fear as Batman did.<ref>''Forever Evil: Arkham War'' #3. DC Comics.</ref>

===DC Rebirth===
In the "[[Watchmen]]" sequel ''[[Doomsday Clock (comics)|Doomsday Clock]]'', the Penguin is among the villains that attend the underground meeting held by the Riddler that talks about the Superman Theory. When the Penguin suggests that they hand [[Moonbow]] and [[Typhoon (comics)|Typhoon]] over to the government that supposedly created them, Typhoon attacks Penguin until the Comedian crashes the meeting.<ref>''Doomsday Clock'' #6 (July 2018). DC Comics.</ref>

==Characterization==
===Skills and abilities===
The Penguin is a master criminal who aspires to be wealthy, powerful and respected (or at least feared) by Gotham's high society. The Penguin's wealth gives him access to better resources than most other Batman villains, and he is able to mix with Gotham's elite, especially those he plans to target in his future crimes. He is also capable of returning to his luxurious lifestyle very easily despite his violent criminal history and prison record. He has even attempted multiple times to enter the political world, even launching expensive election campaigns. The Penguin also has strong connections with other criminal kingpins across Gotham, allowing him to hire their assassins and workers to spy on them easily. The Penguin relies on cunning wit and intimidation to exploit his surroundings for profit, and despite his short temper, he is normally depicted as being more rational and sane than other Batman villains, or at least relatively so.

Although he often delegates the dirty work to his henchmen, he is not above taking aggressive and lethal actions on his own, especially when provoked or insulted. In spite of his appearance and stature, he is a dangerous hand-to-hand combatant with enough developed skills in [[judo]], [[fencing]], [[jujutsu]] and [[bare-knuckle boxing]] to overwhelm attackers many times his size and physical bearing. The Penguin is usually portrayed as a capable physical combatant when he feels the situation calls for it, but his level of skill varies widely depending on the author; the character has been written both as a physical match for Batman and as someone the masked vigilante is capable of defeating with a solid punch. His crimes often revolve around stealing valuable bird-related items and his car and other vehicles often have an avian theme.

===Equipment===
The Penguin utilizes an assortment of umbrellas, particularly the [[Bulgarian umbrella]]. These usually contain weapons such as [[machine gun]]s, [[sword]] blades, [[knife]] blades, [[rocket launcher]]s, [[Raygun|laser blaster]]s, [[flamethrower]]s, and [[acid]] or [[poison gas]] spraying devices fired from the ferrule (however, the Penguin is able to weaponize his umbrellas in an almost unlimited variety of ways). Depending on the writer, some of his umbrellas can carry multiple weapons at once. He often carries an umbrella that can transform its canopy into a series of spinning blades: this can be used as a miniature helicopter or as an offensive weapon; he often uses this to escape a threatening situation. The canopy of the umbrella is sometimes depicted as being a [[Bulletproofing|bullet resistant shield]], and some are patterned in different ways from a spiral capable of hypnotizing opponents to flashy signs. He can also call upon his flying birds to attack and confuse his enemies in battle.<ref>''Joker's Asylum: Penguin''. DC Comics.</ref>

===Appearance===
The Penguin's usual appearance is that of a short, obese human in formal wear. The debut of [[Tim Burton]]'s [[Oswald Cobblepot (Batman Returns)|version of the character]] featured in the 1992 film ''[[Batman Returns]]'' perverted the Penguin’s traditional guise. In the film, the Penguin's hands are flippers (a physical deformity caused by [[syndactyly]]), which, combined with a beak-like nose and other characteristics, made the Penguin look like a cross between an actual penguin and a man. This somewhat bizarre aspect inspired comic book artists and has influenced numerous Penguin designs in cartoons since the film's release, such as ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''. Currently, both the old and the new appearances of the character alternate in the comics, although there is no clear explanation or basis in reality for this to happen.

===Relationships===
The idea of the Penguin and the Joker as a team is one that is decades old, as the two villains, pop-culture wise, are arguably Batman's two most famous enemies. Their first team-up took place fairly early in Batman's career, in "Knights of Knavery".<ref>''Batman'' #25. DC Comics.</ref> Since then, the two have teamed up countless times throughout the Golden and Silver Ages. This carried over into the 1960s television series as well; both appeared together as a team numerous times. They have even shown affection towards each other on more than one occasion; in one story, "Only Angels Have Wings", the Joker actually cries when it appears that the Penguin has been murdered, and vows to avenge the Penguin's death.<ref>''The Brave and the Bold'' #191. DC Comics.</ref>

==Reception==
<!---This section is linked to from the live-action television portion of the article, so please update the link before renaming it.--->
The character of the Penguin, particularly as portrayed by Burgess Meredith, has often been used as a theme to mock public figures that supposedly resemble him. [[Jon Stewart]], host of ''[[The Daily Show]]'', has made numerous references comparing former [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] [[Dick Cheney]] with the Penguin, including a laugh similar to the one heard in the 1960s ''Batman'' series.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/17/AR2006091700696.html |title=Jon Stewart Gets His Props, Even Without Them |work=Washingtonpost.com |date= September 18, 2006|access-date=December 25, 2010}}</ref> In May 2006, a [[United States Republican Party|Republican]]-led [[Public relations|PR]] firm, [[DCI Group]], created an [[astroturfing]] [[Al Gore's Penguin Army video controversy|YouTube video]] satirizing [[Al Gore]]'s film ''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''. The video portrayed Gore as the Penguin using one of his trick umbrellas to [[hypnosis|hypnotize]] a flock of [[penguin]]s into believing in the existence of [[global warming|global warming and climate change]].<ref>Regalado, Antonio and Searcey, Dionne, "[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB115457177198425388 Where Did That Video Spoofing Gore's Film Come From?]", [[Wall Street Journal]], 3 August 2006, retrieved 1 August 2012</ref> [[Roger Stone]] has also been likened to Penguin due to his manner of dress.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Wilson |first1=Rick |title=Roger Stone Knows Trump's Secrets. That's Why He'll Avoid Prison |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/political-commentary/roger-stone-bill-barr-donald-trump-impeachment-justice-department-952253/ |access-date=20 February 2020 |magazine=Rolling Stone |date=13 February 2020}}</ref>

==Other versions==

* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in ''[[Batman: Crimson Mist]]'' as one of several villains killed by a vampiric Batman.<ref>''Batman: Crimson Mist''. DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin who became the vigilante '''Vulture''' appears in ''Vulture: A Tale of the Penguin''.<ref>''The Further Adventures of Batman Volume 2 featuring the Penguin'', edited by Martin H. Greenberg (chapter 16). DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in ''[[Batman: The Doom That Came to Gotham]]''. This version is portrayed as a wealthy explorer who leads and finances an expedition to [[Antarctica]], before being driven insane and abandoning his crew to live with the native penguins, having come to identify with them.<ref>''Batman: The Doom That Came to Gotham''. DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in ''[[Joker (graphic novel)|Joker]]''. This version, who Joker briefly addresses as "Abner", operates the Iceberg Lounge and is a notorious underground boxing promoter. He secretly handles all of Joker's finances.<ref name="Wild">{{cite web |last=Phillips |first=Dan |date=October 23, 2008 |title=The Joker's Wild Ride |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2008/10/23/the-jokers-wild-ride}}</ref><ref>''Joker''. DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in ''[[Batman: Earth One]]''. This version is the corrupt mayor of Gotham City before he is killed by Alfred Pennyworth and his crimes publicly exposed.<ref>''Batman: Earth One'' (July 2012). DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in the ''[[Flashpoint (comics)|Flashpoint]]'' event. This version, rather than a criminal, is a security professional associated with Wayne Enterprises and an informant for [[Batman (Thomas Wayne)|Thomas Wayne]].<ref>''Flashpoint: Batman&nbsp;– Knight of Vengeance'' #1 (June 2011). DC Comics.</ref><ref>''Flashpoint Beyond'' #0-6. DC Comics.</ref>
* '''Penguello''', an amalgamation of the Penguin and [[Metallo]], appears in ''[[Superman/Batman]]''.<ref>''Superman/Batman'' #61 (August 2009). DC Comics.</ref>
* The Penguin appears in ''[[Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles]]''.<ref>''Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'' #1-6. DC Comics/IDW. DC Comics.</ref>
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin appears in ''[[Batman: White Knight]]''.
* An alternate universe incarnation of the Penguin from Earth -22 makes a cameo appearance in ''[[The Batman Who Laughs]]'' as one of several villains killed by the Joker.<ref>''The Batman Who Laughs'' #1 (January 2018). DC Comics.</ref>
*A gender-flipped Penguin, Oswalda Cobblepot, appears in the animated series ''[[Batman: Caped Crusader]]''. She has two sons and runs her criminal ring out of a floating nightclub called the Iceberg Lounge.

==In other media==
{{Main|Penguin in other media}}

==See also==
* [[List of Batman family enemies]]
* [[Bulgarian umbrella]], a real-world weapon similar to the Penguin's umbrella gun which was used by the [[KGB]] in several assassinations in the late 1970s
* [[Syndactyly]], the physical deformity which gave some versions of the Penguin his flipper-like hands

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote|Batman (comics)#The Penguin|The Penguin}}
{{commons category}}
* {{official website}}
*{{DCdatabase|Penguin}}

{{Batman characters}}
{{Batgirl}}
{{Catwoman}}
{{Robin}}
{{Birds of Prey}}
{{Suicide Squad}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Penguin (Comics)}}
[[Category:Action film villains]]
[[Category:Villains in animated television series]]
[[Category:Batman characters]]
[[Category:Comics characters introduced in 1941]]
[[Category:Characters created by Bob Kane]]
[[Category:Characters created by Bill Finger]]
[[Category:DC Comics businesspeople]]
[[Category:DC Comics film characters]]
[[Category:DC Comics male supervillains]]
[[Category:DC Comics martial artists]]
[[Category:DC Comics orphans]]
[[Category:DC Comics politicians]]
[[Category:DC Comics television characters]]
[[Category:Fictional boxers]]
[[Category:Fictional characters with dwarfism]]
[[Category:Fictional crime bosses]]
[[Category:Fictional double agents]]
[[Category:Fictional gunfighters in comics]]<!--His umbrella gun-->
[[Category:Fictional judoka]]
[[Category:Fictional hunchbacks]]
[[Category:Fictional karateka]]
[[Category:Fictional kidnappers]]
[[Category:Fictional gangsters]]
[[Category:Fictional mayors]]
[[Category:Fictional murderers]]
[[Category:Fictional socialites]]
[[Category:Golden Age supervillains]]
[[Category:Male characters in film]]
[[Category:Male film villains]]
[[Category:Male characters in television]]
[[Category:Video game bosses]]