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{{Short description|Fictional character}}
{{About|the pulp fiction, film, radio, comic and television character|the 1960s American TV series|Dr. Kildare (TV series)}}
{{Infobox character
| name               = Dr. James Kildare
| image              = Image_of_original_1938_cover_art_for_Young_Dr._Kildare_by_Max_Brand.jpg
| caption            = Original cover of first Dr. Kildare novel<br> by Max Brand, ''Young Dr. Kildare'' (1938)
| first              = "Internes Can't Take Money",<br>short story by [[Max Brand]] published in ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]'' magazine, Mar. 1936
| creator            = [[Max Brand|Frederick Schiller Faust]]<br>(as [[Max Brand]])
| portrayer          = (1) [[Joel McCrea]]<br>(''[[Internes Can't Take Money]]'',<br>1937 [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]] film)<br>(2) [[Lew Ayres]]<br>(1930s–1940s [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]] film series<br>and 1950s radio series)<br>(3) [[Richard Chamberlain]]<br>(''[[Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Dr. Kildare]]'',<br>1961–1966 [[NBC]] TV series)<br>(4) [[Mark Jenkins (actor)|Mark Jenkins]]<br>''([[Dr. Kildare (TV series)#1970s syndicated TV series Young Dr. Kildare|Young Dr. Kildare]]'',<br>1972–1973 syndicated TV series)
| nickname           = "Jimmy" Kildare
| occupation         = Physician
| gender             = Male
| title              = Doctor
| family             = Dr Stephen Kildare (father)<br>Martha Kildare (mother)
| nationality        = American
}}

'''Dr. James Kildare''' is a fictional American medical doctor, originally created in the 1930s by the author [[Max Brand|Frederick Schiller Faust]] under the pen name [[Max Brand]]. Shortly after the character's first appearance in a magazine story, [[Paramount Pictures]] used the story and character as the basis for the 1937 film ''[[Internes Can't Take Money]],'' starring [[Joel McCrea]] as Jimmie Kildare. [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] (MGM) subsequently acquired the rights and featured Kildare as the primary character in a series of [[United States|American]] theatrical [[film]]s in the late 1930s and early 1940s. Several of these films were co-written by Faust (as Max Brand), who also continued to write magazine stories and novels about the character until the early 1940s.<ref name=mavis>[http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/64088/dr-kildare-movie-collection-warner-archive-collection Mavis, Paul. "Dr. Kildare Movie Collection (Warner Archive Collection)" (DVD review).] DVDtalk.com, Mar. 16, 2014, accessed Mar. 29, 2015.</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Movies News Desk|title=Dr. Kildare Among Warner Archive's New Releases|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmovies/article/DR-KILDARE-Among-Warner-Archives-New-Releases-20140121#.U5TKVygefmt|website=Broadway World|publisher=Wisdom Digital Media|access-date=8 June 2014|date=21 January 2014}}</ref> Kildare was portrayed by [[Lew Ayres]] in nine MGM films. (Ayres was drafted in 1942 and served as a non-combatant medic until 1946.) Later films set in the same hospital featured [[Dr. Gillespie's New Assistant|Dr. Gillespie]] ([[Lionel Barrymore]]). Ayres returned to voice the Kildare character in an early 1950s radio series.<ref name=digdeli>[http://www.digitaldeliftp.com/DigitalDeliToo/dd2jb-Dr-Kildare.html The Digital Deli Online, "The Story of Dr. Kildare (Radio Program)"]. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327050249/http://www.digitaldeliftp.com/DigitalDeliToo/dd2jb-Dr-Kildare.html |date=March 27, 2014 }} digitaldeliftp.com, accessed Mar. 29, 2015.</ref>  [[Dr. Kildare (TV series)|The 1961–1966 ''Dr. Kildare'' television series]] made a star of [[Richard Chamberlain]]<ref name=tottv>Mcneil, Alex. ''Total Television: The Comprehensive Guide to Programming from 1948 to the Present – Revised Edition''. Penguin Books, 1996, p. 225. {{ISBN|978-0140249163}}.</ref> and gave birth to a [[comic book]]<ref name=comicbook>[http://www.politedissent.com/index.php?s=dr.+kildare Polite Dissent (blog), "The Brief 'Golden Age of Medical Comics{{'"}}] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402095528/http://www.politedissent.com/index.php?s=dr.+kildare |date=2015-04-02 }}, politedissent.com, May 28, 2012, accessed Mar. 29, 2015.</ref> and [[comic strip]]<ref name=comicstrip>[http://comicskingdom.com/blog/2012/10/24/ask-the-archivist-calling-dr-kildare The Archivist, "Ask the Archivist: Calling Dr. Kildare"]. The Comics Kingdom Blog, comicskingdom.com, Oct. 24, 2012, accessed Mar. 29, 2015.</ref>  based on the show. A short-lived reboot of the TV series, ''[[Young Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Young Doctor Kildare]],'' debuted in 1972 and ran for 24 episodes.<ref name=ydrtvguide>[http://www.tvguide.com/shows/young-dr-kildare-205675/ "Young Dr. Kildare" overview], TVguide.com, accessed Mar. 29, 2015.</ref><ref name="marchfull">[[Janine Marchessault|Marchessault, Janine]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bqq4B5lr5rYC&pg=PA315 "Men in White, Women in Aprons: Utopian Iconographies of TV Doctors"], in ''Figuring It Out: Science, Gender, and Visual Culture'' (ed. Ann B. Shteir & Bernard Lightman). Univ. Press of New England, 2006, pp. 315–335. {{ISBN|978-1584656029}}.</ref>

==Magazine stories and novels==
===Original series===
The author Frederick Schiller Faust, writing as [[Max Brand]], created the character of Dr. James Kildare as a fictionalized version of his college friend, [[George Fish|Dr. George Winthrop "Dixie" Fish]], a New York surgeon.<ref name=richardson>Richardson, Darrell Coleman, ed. ''Max Brand, the Man & His Work: Critical Appreciations and Bibliography''. Fantasy Pub. Co., 1952, p. 98.</ref> He first introduced the character in a short story, "Internes Can't Take Money", that appeared in the March 1936 issue of ''[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]'' magazine.<ref name=internsintro>[https://books.google.com/books?id=VDPyJcTaV6EC&pg=PA217 Easton, Robert and Jane, ed. "Internes Can't Take Money" (introduction to reprint of story written by Max Brand), in ''The Collected Stories of Max Brand'' (hereinafter, ''Collected Stories'').] Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1994, p. 217. {{ISBN|0803212445}}.</ref>  A second Kildare story, "Whiskey Sour", was published in ''Cosmopolitan'' in April 1938.<ref name=whiskey>[https://books.google.com/books?id=AyQhAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA1143 Copyright Office – Library of Congress. ''Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third Series – Books and Pamphlets Including Serials and Contributions to Periodicals, Current and Renewal Registrations'']. Jan.–Jun. 1966, p. 1143.</ref> In these early stories, Dr. James "Jimmy" Kildare is an aspiring surgeon who leaves his parents' farm to practice at a fictional big-city hospital, and through his work, comes into contact with underworld criminals.<ref name=interns>Brand, Max. "Internes Can't Take Money", in ''Collected Stories'', pp. 218–235.</ref> The first Kildare film, ''[[Internes Can't Take Money]]'' (1937), based on the short story of the same title and made by [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]], followed this version of the character.<ref name=herzog>[https://books.google.com/books?id=l2TtNnmebIMC&pg=PA9 Herzog, Evelyn. "Young Detective Kildare"]. ''The Mystery Fancier'' (ed. Guy M. Townsend), Mar.–Apr. 1983, pp. 1, 9.</ref><ref name=zodin1>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA463 Zodin, Susan L. "The Making of a Medical Man: Max Brand's Young Dr. Kildare", in ''The Max Brand Companion'' (ed. Jon Tuska et al.)], Greenwood Press, 1996, p. 463. {{ISBN|0313297509}}.</ref>

In 1938, [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] (MGM) contracted with Faust to acquire the rights to the Kildare character along with Faust's services as a film story writer. Faust then made major changes to the character to fit MGM's idea for a new movie series, including changing Kildare's specialty to diagnostics rather than surgery, introducing the character of Kildare's superior Dr. Leonard Gillespie, de-emphasizing the criminal elements, and restarting the story from Kildare's first arrival at the city hospital. Faust (as Brand) collaborated with MGM on its Kildare film series starting with the first MGM series release, ''[[Young Dr. Kildare]]'' (1938) and continuing through ''[[The People vs. Dr. Kildare]]'' (1941). During this time, Faust wrote several original Kildare stories which were first published in magazines, later republished in novel form, and made into films by MGM. The stories were written prior to the films being made, and were not published as movie [[tie-in]]s.<ref name=herzog2>[https://books.google.com/books?id=l2TtNnmebIMC&pg=PA9 Herzog, p. 9.]</ref><ref name=zodin2>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA463 Zodin, pp. 463–474.]</ref>

After ''The People vs. Dr. Kildare'', Faust and MGM parted ways. Faust was not involved in ''[[Dr. Kildare's Wedding Day]]'', ''[[Dr. Kildare's Victory]]'', or any of the subsequent films featuring Dr. Gillespie, although Faust (as Brand) continued to receive a credit for creating the characters. Faust's last two Kildare stories, "Dr. Kildare's Hardest Case" (published in 1942) and the unfinished story "Dr. Kildare's Dilemma" (posthumously published in the early 1970s), were not made into films.<ref name=zodin3>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA475 Zodin, pp. 475–477.]</ref> In 1944, Faust was killed in Italy while working as a [[war correspondent]].<ref name=herzog2 /><ref>Associated Press, "Max Brand, Author of 'Dr. Kildare' Killed in Italy". Lock Haven (Pennsylvania) Express, May 16, 1944, p. 1.</ref>

====Dr. Kildare story list====
This table lists the Max Brand-authored Kildare stories in chronological order of first publication.<ref name=brandbiblio>Unless otherwise specified, all publication data in the table is sourced from the official Max Brand website at MaxBrandOnline.com. See [http://www.maxbrandonline.com/bibliography.htm, Bibliography of Max Brand works] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620052543/http://www.maxbrandonline.com/bibliography.htm, |date=2017-06-20 }}, MaxBrandOnline.com, accessed Mar. 28, 2015.</ref> Due to the continuing popularity of the characters in film, radio and television series, many reprints, different formats, and different versions of the original Kildare books have since been released.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Story title !! Magazine publication<ref name=brandbiblio /> !! First book publication<ref name=brandbiblio /><br>(does not include later reprints) !! Film based on story<ref name=herzog /><ref name=zodinfull>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA463 Zodin, pp. 463–477.]</ref>!! Notes<ref name=herzog /><ref name=zodinfull />
|-
| "Internes Can't Take Money" || ''Cosmopolitan'', Mar. 1936|| Included in ''The Collected Stories of Max Brand'' (ed. Robert and Jane Easton), Univ. of Nebraska Press, 1994, pp.&nbsp;218–235.<ref name=interns />|| ''[[Internes Can't Take Money]]'' (1937) || First appearance of Dr. Kildare character, basis for first Kildare film, made by Paramount
|-
| "Whiskey Sour" || ''Cosmopolitan'', Apr. 1938<ref name=whiskey /> || None || None || MGM acquired the rights to this story as a possible concept for a Kildare film, but it was never developed.<ref name=nolan>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QtiYB1rU0lkC&pg=PA151 Nolan, William F., ed.  ''Max Brand, Western Giant: The Life and Times of Frederick Schiller Faust'']. Popular Press, 1985, p. 151. {{ISBN|0879722916}}.</ref>
|-
| "Young Dr. Kildare" || Serialized in three parts in ''[[Argosy (magazine)|Argosy]]'' :<br>Dec. 17, 1938 (part 1); Dec. 24, 1938 (part 2); Dec. 31, 1938 (part 3) || ''Young Dr. Kildare'', Dodd, Mead (1940) || ''[[Young Dr. Kildare]]'' (1938) || Basis for first film in Kildare series made by MGM, first appearance of Dr. Gillespie character<ref name=zodin4>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA463 Zodin, pp. 463–464.]</ref>
|-
| "Calling Dr. Kildare" || Serialized in three parts in ''Argosy'' :<br>Mar. 25, 1939 (part 1); Apr. 1, 1939 (part 2); Apr. 8, 1939 (part 3) || ''Calling Dr. Kildare'', Dodd, Mead (1940) || ''[[Calling Dr. Kildare]]'' (1939) || Basis for second film in MGM series
|-
| "The Secret of Dr. Kildare" || ''Cosmopolitan'', Sept. 1939<br>(condensed version) || ''The Secret of Dr. Kildare'', Dodd, Mead (1940) || ''[[The Secret of Dr. Kildare]]'' (1939) || Basis for third film in MGM series
|-
| "Dr. Kildare's Girl"<br>(alternate title:<br>"Dr. Kildare's Search") || ''[[Photoplay]]'', Apr. 1940 || ''Dr. Kildare's Search'', Dodd, Mead (1942)<br>(compilation of "Dr. Kildare's Girl" and "Dr. Kildare's Hardest Case") || ''[[Dr. Kildare's Strange Case]]'' (1940) || Basis for fourth film in MGM series
|-
| "Dr. Kildare Goes Home" || Serialized in four parts in ''Argosy'' : Jun. 1, 1940 (part 1); Jun. 8, 1940 (part 2); Jun. 15, 1940 (part 3); Jun. 22, 1940 (part 4) || ''Dr. Kildare Goes Home'', Dodd, Mead (1941)<br>(alternate title: ''Dr. Kildare Takes Charge)''<ref>Although the official Max Brand bibliography available at MaxBrandOnline.com lists the title of this book as ''Dr. Kildare Goes Home,'' several other sources (cited following this reference) list the book title as ''Dr. Kildare Takes Charge''.</ref><ref name=herzog /><ref name=litafter>[https://books.google.com/books?id=c91Vrl20Y4sC&pg=PA72 Drew, Bernard A. ''Literary Afterlife: The Posthumous Continuations of 325 Authors' Fictional Characters'']. McFarland & Co., 2010, pp. 72–73. {{ISBN|978-0786441792}}.</ref>|| ''[[Dr. Kildare Goes Home]]'' (1940) || Basis for fifth film in MGM series
|-
| "Dr. Kildare's Crisis" || Serialized in four parts in ''Argosy'' : Dec. 21, 1940 (part 1); Dec. 28, 1940 (part 2); Jan. 4, 1940 (part 3); Jan. 11, 1941 (part 4)  || ''Dr. Kildare's Crisis'', Dodd, Mead (1942) || ''[[Dr. Kildare's Crisis]]'' (1940) || Basis for sixth film in MGM series
|-
| "The People vs. Dr. Kildare" || ''Cosmopolitan'', May 1941<br>(condensed version)  || ''Dr. Kildare's Trial'', Dodd, Mead (1942) || ''[[The People vs. Dr. Kildare]]'' (1941) || Basis for seventh film in MGM series, last collaboration between Faust and MGM
|-
| "Dr. Kildare's Hardest Case" || ''Cosmopolitan'', Mar. 1942  || ''Dr. Kildare's Search'', Dodd, Mead (1942)<br>(compilation of "Dr. Kildare's Girl" and "Dr. Kildare's Hardest Case") || None<ref name=herzog2 /> || Faust's last complete Kildare story.<ref name=herzog2 /><ref name=dilemmapub>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA176 Tuska, Jon, et al., ed. ''The Max Brand Companion'' (list of publications).] Greenwood Press, 1996, p. 176. {{ISBN|0313297509}}.</ref>
|-
| "Dr. Kildare's Dilemma" (unfinished four-part story) || Published in two parts in ''The Faust Collector'', a Los Angeles fanzine edited by William Clark:<br>Feb. 1971 (part 1); Jan. 1973 (part 2)<ref name=zodin5>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA463 Zodin, pp. 476–477.]</ref> || A restored fragment was included in ''The Max Brand Companion'' (ed. Jon Tuska et al.), Greenwood Press, 1996, pp.&nbsp;318–335.<ref>Brand, Max. "Dr. Kildare's Dilemma: A Fragment" in ''The Max Brand Companion'' (ed. Jon Tuska et al.). Greenwood Press, 1996, pp. 318–335.</ref> || None || Faust's last Kildare story, never finished, posthumously published in the 1970s in unfinished form<ref name=zodin5 /><ref name=dilemmapub />
|}

Aside from the Kildare stories, Faust (as Brand) wrote only one other medical story, "My People", which appeared in the August 1940 issue of ''Cosmopolitan''.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=2johAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA2603 Copyright Office – Library of Congress. ''Catalog of Copyright Entries: Third Series – Books and Pamphlets Including Serials and Contributions to Periodicals, Current and Renewal Registrations'']. Jul.–Dec. 1967, p. 2603.</ref> "My People" featured a character, "Dr. Maynard", who was similar to Dr. Kildare.<ref name=richardson /> MGM acquired the rights to "My People" as a possible concept for a Kildare film, but it was never developed.<ref name=nolan />

===Television tie-ins===
The popularity of the 1960s ''[[Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Dr. Kildare]]'' TV series and its star, [[Richard Chamberlain]], resulted in a number of contemporary [[tie-in]] novels by several different authors.  Several were released in mass-market [[paperback]] form by [[Lancer Books]], while titles aimed at preteen and young teen readers were published by [[Whitman Publishing]]. The covers featured photographs of Chamberlain as Kildare, or artwork using his likeness. Known titles are listed below.<ref name=litafter /><ref name=herzog2 /><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CvYSjndqKL8C&pg=PA49 Berch, Victor A., Letter to Editor (regarding Lancer-published titles authored by Norman A. Daniels).] Paperback Quarterly, Spring 1982, p. 49.</ref><ref>[http://www.tonystrading.co.uk/galleries/tvbooks/drkildare.htm Tony's Trading, "Dr. Kildare" Gallery], tonystrading.co.uk, accessed Apr. 20, 2015.</ref>

By Robert C. Ackworth:
* ''Dr. Kildare'' (Lancer, 1962)
* ''Dr. Kildare: Assigned to Trouble'' (Whitman, 1963) (with Robert L. Jenney, illustrator)

By [[Norman A. Daniels]]:
* ''Dr. Kildare's Secret Romance'' (Lancer, 1962)
* ''Dr. Kildare's Finest Hour'' (Lancer, 1963)

By William Johnston:
* ''Dr. Kildare: The Faces of Love'' (Lancer, 1963)
* ''Dr. Kildare: The Heart Has an Answer'' (Lancer, 1963)
* ''Dr. Kildare: The Magic Key'' (Whitman, 1964) (with Al Andersen, illustrator)

==Films==
===''Internes Can't Take Money''===
The character of Dr. Kildare first appeared on film in the 1937 [[Paramount Pictures|Paramount]] film, ''[[Internes Can't Take Money]]'', based on Max Brand's previously published short story of the same name and starring [[Joel McCrea]] as Dr. Kildare. The plot focuses on Dr. Kildare's attempt to help a young female ex-convict (played by [[Barbara Stanwyck]]) locate her child. Paramount did not plan any further Kildare films, probably because box-office returns did not meet expectations.<ref name=mavis /><ref name=zodin1 />

===MGM film series (1930s–1940s)===
[[File:Lionel Barrymore and Lew Ayres in Young Dr Kildare 1938.jpeg|thumb|Lionel Barrymore as Dr. Gillespie and Lew Ayres as Dr. Kildare in ''[[Young Dr. Kildare]]'' (1938), the first of nine MGM "Dr. Kildare" series films in which the duo appeared]]
[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer|MGM]] had noted the popularity of the Kildare character in pulp magazines and, following the release of ''[[Internes Can't Take Money]],'' saw an opportunity to obtain an undervalued property and develop a successful film series.<ref name=mavis /> In 1938, MGM entered into a deal with author Faust (Brand) to acquire the rights to Dr. Kildare and have Faust work with MGM on developing stories for a film series. Seven Dr. Kildare films were subsequently made by MGM based on stories originally written by Faust.<ref name=zodin2 /> After ''[[The People vs. Dr. Kildare]]'' (1941), Faust and MGM ended their collaboration and MGM continued the series using stories by other writers, though Faust still received a credit for creating the characters.<ref name=herzog2 /><ref name=zodin3 />

In the MGM series, the Dr. Kildare character (played by [[Lew Ayres]]) first appears as a medical intern newly arrived at a New York City hospital, where he attracts the attention of a respected older physician and skilled diagnostician, Dr. Leonard Gillespie (played by [[Lionel Barrymore]]). After becoming a [[physician]], Kildare faces a number of professional and personal challenges in the course of his work, while being mentored by Gillespie.<ref name=mavis /><ref name=zodinfull /><ref name=herzog2 />

In 1942, during the making of the tenth film in the MGM series, originally titled ''Born to Be Bad'', Ayres was drafted to serve in WWII and declared himself a [[conscientious objector]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-06-ca-1733-story.html|title=Ayres Backs His Project Religiously : Film: Actor best known for 'Dr. Kildare' says his documentary, 'Altars of the World,' represents the bigger part of his life today.|work=Los Angeles Times|date=6 April 1991 |access-date=16 February 2015}}</ref> The resulting negative publicity caused MGM to cut Ayres from the film, eliminate the character of Kildare, and change the film's focus to Barrymore's character Gillespie, eventually releasing the revamped film as ''[[Calling Dr. Gillespie]]'' (1942).<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1942/07/09/archives/lionel-barrymore-has-title-role-in-calling-dr-gillespie-of-the-dr.html "Lionel Barrymore Has Title Role in 'Calling Dr. Gillespie,' of the Dr. Kildare Series, at Loew's Criterion Theatre"]. ''The New York Times'', Jul. 9, 1942, Amusements section, p. 17.</ref> Dr. Kildare simply vanished from the series, without explanation, and for ''Calling Dr. Gillespie'' the character of a young doctor mentored by the experienced Dr. Gillespie was played by [[Philip Dorn]] (as Dr. John Hunter Gerniede). MGM made several more films featuring the Dr. Gillespie character mentoring various young doctors played by [[Van Johnson]] (as Dr. Randall "Red" Adams), [[Keye Luke]] (as Dr. Lee Wong How), and [[James Craig (actor)|James Craig]] (as Dr. Tommy Coalt).<ref name=zodin6>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5rR1_m7Uz9cC&pg=PA477 Zodin, p. 477.]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rukaBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA99 Coffin, Lesley L. ''Lew Ayres: Hollywood's Conscientious Objector'']. Univ. Press of Mississippi, 2012, pp. 99–121.</ref>  After leaving the series, the character of Kildare was never seen, heard or so much as mentioned in any of the subsequent films.

====MGM Dr. Kildare films====
* ''[[Young Dr. Kildare]]'' (1938), which introduced Lew Ayres as Dr. Kildare and Lionel Barrymore as Dr. Gillespie
* ''[[Calling Dr. Kildare]]'' (1939)
* ''[[The Secret of Dr. Kildare]]'' (1939)
* ''[[Dr. Kildare's Strange Case]]'' (1940)
* ''[[Dr. Kildare Goes Home]]'' (1940)
* ''[[Dr. Kildare's Crisis]]'' (1940)
* ''[[The People vs. Dr. Kildare]]'' (1941) – the last film made with the collaboration of series creator Frederick Schiller Faust (Max Brand)<ref name=herzog2 />
* ''[[Dr. Kildare's Wedding Day]]'' (1941)
* ''[[Dr. Kildare's Victory]]'' (1942)<ref name=mavis /><ref name=herzog2 />

====MGM Dr. Gillespie films====
* ''[[Calling Dr. Gillespie]]'' (1942), with Dr. John Hunter Gerniede ([[Philip Dorn]]) replacing the character of Dr. Kildare (Ayres), who was retired from the series
* ''[[Dr. Gillespie's New Assistant]]'' (1942), which introduced Gillespie's new assistants Dr. Randall "Red" Adams (Van Johnson) and Dr. Lee Wong How (Keye Luke)
* ''[[Dr. Gillespie's Criminal Case]]'' (1943), with Dr. Randall "Red" Adams (Johnson) and Dr. Lee Wong How (Luke)
* ''[[Three Men in White]]'' (1944), with Dr. Randall "Red" Adams (Johnson) and Dr. Lee Wong How (Luke)
* ''[[Between Two Women (1945 film)|Between Two Women]]'' (1945), with Dr. Randall "Red" Adams (Johnson) and Dr. Lee Wong How (Luke)
* ''[[Dark Delusion]]'' (1947), with Dr. Tommy Coalt (James Craig) (replacing Johnson's character) and Dr. Lee Wong How (Luke)<ref name=zodin6 />

===Home media===
[[Warner Bros.]] released the complete set of MGM Kildare films on DVD as the "Dr. Kildare Movie Collection" via their [[Warner Archive Collection]] in January 2014.<ref name=mavis /> The set also included, as an extra, the 1960 unaired pilot for the ''[[Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Dr. Kildare]]'' TV series starring Lew Ayres. Previously, some of the individual Kildare films had been released individually on DVD through distributors such as [[Alpha Video]],<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Dr-Kildares-Strange-Case-Ayres/dp/B00006AUGJ/ref=sr_1_8?s=movies-tv&ie=UTF8&qid=1429886609&sr=1-8&keywords=dr+kildare "Dr. Kildare's Strange Case" DVD listing], Amazon.com, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref> Roan Archival Group,<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Secret-Dr-Kildare-Lew-Ayres/dp/B000EWBOGS/ref=sr_1_9?s=movies-tv&ie=UTF8&qid=1429886609&sr=1-9&keywords=dr+kildare "The Secret of Dr. Kildare" DVD listing], Amazon.com, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref> [[FilmRise]]<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Dr-Kildares-Strange-Case-Remastered/dp/B00PT67JEK/ref=sr_1_11?s=movies-tv&ie=UTF8&qid=1429886609&sr=1-11&keywords=dr+kildare "Dr. Kildare's Strange Case – Digitally Remastered" DVD listing], Amazon.com, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref> and [[Genius Products|Genius Entertainment]].<ref>[https://www.amazon.com/Dr-Kildares-Strange-Case-Ayres/dp/B0006B978Y/ref=sr_1_10?s=movies-tv&ie=UTF8&qid=1429886609&sr=1-10&keywords=dr+kildare "Dr. Kildare's Strange Case" DVD listing], Amazon.com, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref>

Warner Bros. also released the complete set of Dr. Gillespie films on DVD as the "Dr. Gillespie Movie Collection" via Warner Archive Collection in November 2014.<ref>[http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/66995/dr-gillespie-film-collection-warner-archive-collection/ Mavis, Paul. "Dr. Gillespie Film Collection (Warner Archive Collection)" (DVD review).] DVDtalk.com, uploaded Dec. 19, 2014, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref>

The single Paramount Kildare film, ''Internes Can't Take Money'', was released on DVD by [[Universal Pictures|Universal]] as part of "The Barbara Stanwyck Collection" in April 2010.<ref>[http://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/42245/barbara-stanwyck-collection-universal-backlot/ Mavis, Paul. "The Barbara Stanwyck Collection (There's Always Tomorrow, All I Desire, The Lady Gambles, Internes Can't Take Money, and more)" (DVD review).] DVDtalk.com, uploaded Apr. 27, 2010, accessed Apr. 24, 2015.</ref>

==Radio==
The Kildare character first appeared on radio on October 13, 1938, when Lionel Barrymore and Lew Ayres performed a scene from their soon-to-be-released film, ''Young Dr. Kildare'', on MGM's ''Good News of 1939'' radio program.<ref>http://www.otrsite.com/logs/logg1019.htm, Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs, Series "Good News of 1939", entry 90236 for "Young Dr. Kildare". otrsite.com, accessed Apr. 2, 2015.</ref>

In the summer of 1949, MGM reunited Lew Ayres and Lionel Barrymore to record the radio series, ''The Story of Dr. Kildare,'' which used the concept and characters of the earlier ''Young Dr. Kildare'' story and did not include any of the young doctors who had replaced Kildare in the later films featuring Dr. Gillespie.<ref name=ayresradio>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rukaBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 Coffin, p. 151.]</ref> By this time, Ayres had returned to public favor after serving in WWII as a medical corpsman.<ref>Coffin, pp. 134–141.</ref> Episodes were scripted by James Moser, Jean Holloway, Les Crutchfield, [[E. Jack Neuman]], [[John Michael Hayes]], Joel Murcott, and others.<ref name=digdeli /> The supporting cast included Ted Osborne as hospital administrator Dr. Carew, [[Eleanor Audley]] as receptionist Molly Byrd, [[Jane Webb]] as nurse Mary Lamont, and [[Virginia Gregg]] as nurse Evangeline Parker, labeled "Nosy Parker" by Gillespie. In addition, many prominent [[West Coast of the United States|West Coast]] radio actors made recurring appearances, including [[Raymond Burr]], [[William Conrad]], [[Stacy Harris]], [[Lurene Tuttle]], [[Barton Yarborough]], and [[Jack Webb]].<ref name=digdeli />

Each radio episode was developed as a stand-alone program rather than a serial. Episodes typically focused on Dr. Kildare dealing with a particular medical issue while jousting with eccentric patients and/or hospital administrators.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HqhoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA205 Dunning, John. ''On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio'']. Oxford Univ. Press, 1998, pp. 205–206. {{ISBN|978-0195076783}}.</ref><ref name=OTRRsingles>Old Time Radio Researchers Group, "Dr. Kildare – Single Episodes" (archive of 60 individual episodes), archived at https://archive.org/details/OTRR_Dr_Kildare_Singles, accessed Apr. 10, 2015.</ref> The medical information presented was up to date for its time, and sometimes taken from real life; for example, an episode in which Dr. Kildare is forced to perform an emergency [[appendectomy]] on himself was based on a news story.<ref name=ayresradio /><ref name=digdeli /> At least 60 half-hour episodes were produced.<ref name=digdeli /><ref name=OTRRsingles /><ref>http://www.otrsite.com/logs/logd1023.htm, Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs, Series "The Story of Dr. Kildare". otrsite.com, accessed Apr. 11, 2015. Possibly, more than 60 episodes were made and that the total number of episodes could be 78 (according to The Digital Deli Online), 80 (according to Haendiges) or even 104 (according to The Digital Deli Online).</ref>

In addition to airing on the MGM-affiliated New York station [[WEPN (AM)|WMGM]], ''The Story of Dr. Kildare'' was originally syndicated to over 200 outlets in the U.S. and Canada, mostly [[Mutual Broadcasting System]] stations. The earliest known broadcast of the program took place on September 27, 1949, on Mutual station [[WGN (AM)|WGN]] in Chicago, prior to the WMGM premiere episode on October 12, 1949.<ref name=digdeli /> In the early 1950s, MGM offered the show to stations as part of a multiple-program package for a price lower than purchasing each program individually.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Fg4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT12 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Radio Attractions, "Jet Propelled...And Heading Your Way!" (MGM advertisement for 8-program radio package)]. ''Billboard'', Nov. 5, 1949, p. 13.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6kQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA5 "MGM Program Lineup Finalized by Mutual"]. ''Billboard'', Nov. 17, 1951, p. 5.</ref> However, starting in 1952, stations began to lose interest in such packages, preferring to develop their own local programming to better compete with television.<ref name=digdeli /> Consequently, despite the show's popularity with audiences,<ref name=ayresradio /> no new episodes of ''The Story of Dr. Kildare'' were produced after 1951, although rebroadcasts of old episodes continued to air in syndication for several more years.<ref name=digdeli />

==Television==
===''Dr. Kildare'' (1950s)===
In 1953, Lew Ayres was approached to star in a  Dr. Kildare television series, which would feature an older Kildare having finally taken over the practice of a retired Dr. Gillespie. After two pilots were filmed, Ayres refused to work further on the project unless the television studio refused to allow cigarette companies to sponsor the program. Ayres later explained, "My feeling was that a medical show, particularly one that might appeal to children, should not be used to sell cigarettes." The studio would not agree to reject lucrative advertising, so the project was abandoned.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rukaBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 Coffin], pp. 151–152.</ref>

===''Dr. Kildare'' (1960s)===
{{main|Dr. Kildare (TV series)}}
[[File:Raymond Massey Richard Chamberlain Dr. Kildare 1961.JPG|thumb|Raymond Massey as Dr. Gillespie and Richard Chamberlain as Dr. Kildare, in the 1961 ''Dr. Kildare'' television series]]

Lew Ayres reprised his role as Dr. Kildare in an unsold and unaired 1960 TV pilot directed by [[John Newland]] (with Joe Cronin as Dr. Grayson)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=XxTx1xK-q14C&pg=PA77 Terrace, Vincent. ''Encyclopedia of Television Pilots, 1937–2012'']. McFarland & Co., 2013, p. 77. {{ISBN|978-0786474455}}.</ref><ref>News Brief (mentioning test film for new "Dr. Kildare" TV series starring Lew Ayres and Joseph Cronin), TV Guide, Feb. 20, 1960.
A second attempt at a television series was made in the early 1960s with ''Dr. Kildare'', an [[NBC]] [[medical drama]] television series starring [[Richard Chamberlain]] in the title role,  produced by [[MGM Television]] and inspired by the original Dr. Kildare stories and films.</ref>

The second attempt at a Kildare TV show premiered on September 28, 1961. The series was a top-10 hit with audiences and ran until April 5, 1966, for a total of 191 episodes in five seasons.<ref>[http://www.tv.com/shows/dr-kildare/ "Dr. Kildare – NBC (ended 1966)" (overview)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190314203108/http://www.tv.com/shows/dr-kildare/ |date=2019-03-14 }}, TV.com, accessed Mar. 28, 2015.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=YbrE3S2pDE4C&pg=PA52 Philips, Deborah. "Medicated Soap: The Woman Doctor in Television Medical Drama", in ''Frames and Fictions on Television: The Politics of Identity Within Drama'' (ed. Bruce Carson & Margaret Llewellyn-Jones).] Intellect Books, 2000, p. 52. {{ISBN|1841500097}}.</ref> The first two seasons told the story of Dr. James Kildare ([[Richard Chamberlain]]), working in a fictional large metropolitan hospital while trying to learn his profession, deal with his patients' problems, and earn the respect of the senior Dr. Leonard Gillespie ([[Raymond Massey]]). In the third season, Dr. Kildare was promoted to resident and the series began to focus more on the stories of the patients and their families.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=w8KztFy6QYwC&pg=PA371 Brooks, Tim, and Earl Marsh. ''The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present (Ninth Edition)'']. Ballantine Books, 2007, p. 371. {{ISBN|978-0345497734}}.</ref> The success of the show (along with ABC's contemporaneous medical drama ''[[Ben Casey]]'') inspired the launch of numerous other television medical dramas in the ensuing years.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ofKqd-ElfaoC&pg=PA128 Berkowitz, Edward D. ''Mass Appeal: The Formative Age of the Movies, Radio and TV'']. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010, pp. 128–129. {{ISBN|978-0521889087}}.</ref>

===''Young Dr. Kildare'' (1970s)===
{{main|Young Dr. Kildare (TV series)}}

In 1972, [[MGM Television]] created a short-lived syndicated drama series called ''[[Young Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Young Dr. Kildare]]'', starring [[Mark Jenkins (actor)|Mark Jenkins]] as Dr. James Kildare and [[Gary Merrill]] as Dr. Leonard Gillespie. The series was not a success, and only 24 episodes were produced.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0068151/ "Young Dr. Kildare" TV Series entry at Internet Movie Database], imdb.com, accessed Mar. 28, 2015.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QtiYB1rU0lkC&pg=PA157 Nolan], p. 157.</ref><ref>Erickson, Hal. ''Syndicated Television: The First Forty Years, 1947–1987''. McFarland & Co., 2001, pp. 221–222. {{ISBN|978-0786411986}}.</ref>

==Comics==
From 1962 to 1965, [[Dell Comics]] published a ''Dr. Kildare'' [[comic book]] based on the 1960s ''[[Dr. Kildare (TV series)|Dr. Kildare]]'' television series. The first issue was released April 2, 1962, as No. 1337 in Dell's ''[[Four Color|Four Color Comics]]'' line, and featured a story involving a gambler checking into Dr. Kildare's hospital to hide from a hit man.<ref>[https://www.atomicavenue.com/atomic/titledetail.aspx?TitleID=1182 Thompson, Maggie, Complete List of Four Color Comics Issues], atomicavenue.com, accessed Apr. 14, 2015.</ref><ref name=comicbook1>[http://www.politedissent.com/archives/851 "Four Color Comics 1337 (Dell, 1962)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403193616/http://www.politedissent.com/archives/851 |date=2015-04-03 }}, politedissent.com, uploaded Aug. 3, 2005, accessed Apr. 14, 2015.</ref><ref name=comicbook1arch>[http://comicbookplus.com/?dlid=38012 "Four Color #1337" (archive of issue)], comicbookplus.com, uploaded Nov. 4, 2013, accessed Apr. 14, 2015.</ref>  Dell subsequently continued the comic book for a total of nine issues, with the final issue appearing in April 1965.<ref name=comicbook /><ref name=comicbook1 /><ref>[http://comicbookplus.com/?cid=2527 "Dr. Kildare" (archive of issues)], comicbookplus.com, uploaded Jun. 20, 2013, accessed Apr. 14, 2015.</ref> All issues had photo covers featuring Chamberlain, the star of the TV series.<ref name=comicbook1 /><ref name=comicbook1arch /><ref>[https://www.mycomicshop.com/search?TID=325321  "Dr. Kildare (1962) Comic Books" (list of issues)], mycomicshop.com, accessed Apr. 14, 2015.</ref>

A ''Dr. Kildare'' daily comic strip based on the 1960s television series, distributed by [[King Features Syndicate]], and drawn by [[Ken Bald]] also premiered on October 15, 1962.<ref>Wells, John, et al. ''American Comic Book Chronicles: 1960–1964''. TwoMorrows Publishing, 2012, p. 77. {{ISBN|978-1605490458}}.</ref><ref name=daytona>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1873&dat=19621011&id=0cAeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bMoEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4215,1753165&hl=en "Dr. Kildare in Daily Comic Strip"], Daytona Beach Morning Journal, Oct. 11, 1962, p. 9.</ref><ref name=comicstrip /> Bald was required to base his drawing of Dr. Kildare on photos of Richard Chamberlain, but made up his own drawings of other characters, including Dr. Gillespie.<ref name=comicstrip /><ref name=daytona /> The daily strip, drawn by Bald, ran for over two decades until April 21, 1984, outlasting the television series (which was cancelled in 1966) by nearly 18 years. A Sunday strip also ran from April 19, 1964, to April 3, 1983.<ref name=comicstrip />  Bald retired after the cancellation of the daily strip.<ref>[http://library.syr.edu/digital/guides/b/bald_k.htm Syracuse University Library, "Ken Bald Papers – Biographical History" (online description)], library.syr.edu, accessed Apr. 16, 2015.</ref>

==Franchise rights==
The underlying rights to the Kildare film and television franchise are owned by [[Warner Bros.]] (via [[Turner Entertainment|Turner Entertainment Co.]]), with the exception of the 1937 film ''Internes Can't Take Money'', currently owned by [[EMKA, Ltd.]]/[[Universal Television]], keeper of [[Paramount Pictures]]' pre-1950 sound library.

==See also==
* [[Doctor (novel series)]], a British dramatic comedy series of novels, films, and serialized television programs
* [[List of fictional doctors]]
* [[Medical drama]]
* [[List of medical drama television programs]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Decter, Midge. "Who Killed Dr. Kildare?" in ''Culture in Crisis and the Renewal of Civil Life'' (ed. T. William Boxx and Gary M. Quinlivan). Rowman & Littlefield, 1996, pp.&nbsp;49–56. {{ISBN|0847682889}}.
* [[Janine Marchessault|Marchessault, Janine]]. "Men in White, Women in Aprons: Utopian Iconographies of TV Doctors", in ''Figuring It Out: Science, Gender, and Visual Culture'' (ed. Ann B. Shteir & Bernard Lightman). Univ. Press of New England, 2006, pp.&nbsp;315–335. {{ISBN|978-1584656029}}.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Dr. Kildare}}
* {{InternetArchiveOTR|id=OTRR_Dr_Kildare_Singles|title=Dr. Kildare}}
* [http://comicbookplus.com/?cid=2527 ''Dr. Kildare'' comic book archive] at [http://comicbookplus.com Comic Book Plus]

{{Dr. Kildare}}
{{King Features Syndicate Comics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Doctor Kildare}}
[[Category:Literary characters introduced in 1937]]
[[Category:1940s American radio programs]]
[[Category:1950s American radio programs]]
[[Category:American radio dramas]]
[[Category:Mutual Broadcasting System programs]]
[[Category:Dell Comics titles|Kildare]]
[[Category:Fictional physicians|Kildare, James]]
[[Category:American film series]]
[[Category:American comic strips]]