View source for Disney comics

{{short description|Comics featuring Walt Disney characters}}
{{about|comics featuring Disney characters|the publisher|Disney Comics (publishing)}}
'''Disney comics''' are [[comic book]]s and [[comic strip]]s featuring characters created by [[the Walt Disney Company]], including [[Mickey Mouse]], [[Donald Duck]] and [[Scrooge McDuck]].

The first Disney comics were newspaper strips appearing from 1930 on, starting with the [[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|''Mickey Mouse'' comic strip]]. ''[[Mickey Mouse Magazine]]'', the first American newsstand publication with Disney comics, launched in 1935. In 1940, [[Western Publishing]] launched the long-running flagship comic book, ''[[Walt Disney's Comics and Stories]]'', which reached 750 issues in September 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Disney Comics and Stories #7 |url=https://www.comixology.com/Disney-Comics-and-Stories-7/digital-comic/788246?ref=c2VyaWVzL3ZpZXcvZGVza3RvcC9ncmlkTGlzdC9SZWNlbnRBZGRpdGlvbnM |website=IDW Publishing |access-date=25 July 2019}}{{dead link|date=February 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> ''[[Uncle Scrooge]]'', launched in 1952, reached issue #450 in June 2019.<ref>{{cite web |title=Uncle Scrooge #450 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=us%2FUS++450A |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref> In recent decades, Disney comics have seen a decline of popularity in the United States. In the rest of the world Disney comics have remained very successful, especially in Europe, where weekly Disney comics magazines and monthly paperback digests are national best sellers.

Disney comics have been the basis for academic theory, cultural criticism, and fan-created databases.

==U.S. comic strips==
The first Disney comics appeared in daily newspapers, syndicated by [[King Features Syndicate|King Features]] with production done in-house by a Disney comic strip department at the studio. Initially [[Floyd Gottfredson]] along with his responsibilities for the ''Mickey Mouse'' comic strip oversaw the Disney comic strip department from 1930 to 1945, then Frank Reilly was brought in to administer the burgeoning department from January 1946 to 1975. Greg Crosby headed the department from 1979 to 1989.

===Mickey Mouse===
{{main|Mickey Mouse (comic strip)}}
The ''Mickey Mouse'' daily comic strip began on January 13, 1930,<ref name=Holtz-mm>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |pages=260–264}}</ref> featuring Mickey as an optimistic, adventure-seeking young mouse. It was initially written by Walt Disney with art by [[Ub Iwerks]] and Win Smith. Beginning with the May 5, 1930, installment the art chores were taken up by [[Floyd Gottfredson]] (often aided by various inkers), who also either wrote or supervised the story continuities (relying on various writers to flesh out his plots). Gottfredson continued with the strip until 1975. By 1931, the ''Mickey Mouse'' strip was published in 60 newspapers in the United States, as well as papers in twenty other countries.<ref>"The Only Unpaid Movie Star," Harry Carr. American Magazine, March 1931. Reprinted in ''A Mickey Mouse Reader'' ed. by Gary Apgar, University Press of Mississippi, 2014.</ref>

From the beginning, the strips were parts of long continuing stories. These introduced characters such as the [[Phantom Blot]], [[Eega Beeva]], and [[the Bat Bandit]], which Gottfredson created; Disney created [[Eli Squinch]], Mickey's nephews, [[Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse]], and [[Sylvester Shyster]], which were also introduced in the comic.<ref name=Nemo/>

Starting in the 1950s, Gottfredson and writer Bill Walsh were instructed to drop the storylines and do only daily gags.<ref name="Andrae in color">{{cite book|last1=Andrae|first1=Thomas|last2=Gottfredson|first2=Floyd|title=Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse in color.|date=1988|publisher=Pantheon Books|location=New York|isbn=9780394575193|edition=1st|chapter=Of Mouse and the Man}}</ref><!--source says "mid 50s" and that Gottfredson was only inking at this point. In the Andrae interview Gottfredson thinks it could have been 1959--> Gottfredson continued illustrating the daily strip until he retired on October 1, 1975.<ref name=Nemo>{{cite journal|last1=Andrae|first1=Thomas|title=Floyd Gottfredson's 45 years with Mickey: The Mouse's Other Master|journal=Nemo: The Classics Comics Library|date=April 1984|issue=6|url=http://jeffoverturf.blogspot.de/2010/05/floyd-gottfredson-mickey-mouses-comic.html|access-date=23 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224054024/http://jeffoverturf.blogspot.de/2010/05/floyd-gottfredson-mickey-mouses-comic.html|archive-date=24 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

After Gottfredson retired, the strip was written and drawn by many other creators. The Sunday page went into reprints in February 1992, and the daily strip ended on July 29, 1995.<ref name=Holtz-mm/>

In 2011, [[Fantagraphics Books]] began the ''[[Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse]]'' series, a hardback collection of Gottfredson's run on the strip. A total of 14 volumes were published between 2011 and 2018, collecting the entirety of Gottfredson's Sunday color work (two volumes) and all of his serialized story-themed daily strips (12 volumes). The collection doesn't include any of Gottfredson's gag-oriented material from 1955 onwards.

===Silly Symphony===
{{main|Silly Symphony (comic strip)}}
The ''Mickey Mouse'' [[Sunday strip]] started on January 10, 1932, with a [[Topper (comic strip)|topper]] ''[[Silly Symphony]]'' strip.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://msonntag.blogspot.com/2011/06/bucky-bug-mickey-sunday-march-4-1934.html|title=TAGTOONZ: Bucky Bug & Mickey Sunday, March 4, 1934|first=Mark|last=Sonntag|website=msonntag.blogspot.com|date=25 June 2011|access-date=March 28, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120103212527/http://msonntag.blogspot.com/2011/06/bucky-bug-mickey-sunday-march-4-1934.html|archive-date=January 3, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>''Silly Symphony'' initially related the adventures of [[Bucky Bug]], the first Disney character to originate in the comics.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.toonopedia.com/buckybug.htm |title=Bucky Bug |access-date=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120919113833/http://www.toonopedia.com/buckybug.htm |archive-date=2012-09-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> It went on to print more adaptations of ''Silly Symphony'' shorts, often using the characters and setting of the original shorts, but adding new plotlines and incidents. It also went on to print adaptations of the feature films, as well as periods of gag strips featuring Donald Duck and Pluto. By late 1935 the strip was a standalone half-page, not strictly a topper for the ''Mickey'' Sunday.

The strip was initially titled ''Silly Symphonies''; after two years, the name was changed to ''Silly Symphony''. The switch happened in the February 18, 1934, strip, just three weeks before Bucky Bug would be replaced with a new storyline, "Birds of a Feather".<ref name=IDW-v1>{{cite book |last1=Duvall |first1=Earl |last2=Taliaferro |first2=Al |last3=Osborne |first3=Ted |last4=De Maris |first4=Merrill |title=Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics, vol 1 |date=2016 |publisher=IDW Publishing |location=San Diego |isbn=978-1631405587}}</ref>

The complete rundown of ''Silly Symphony'' strips, from 1932 to 1945:<ref name=Holtz>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=351}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* [[Bucky Bug]] (January 10, 1932 – March 4, 1934)
* [[Birds of a Feather (1931 film)|Birds of a Feather]] (March 11 – June 17, 1934)
* [[Peculiar Penguins|Penguin Isle]] (July 1 – September 9, 1934)
* [[The Wise Little Hen]] (September 16 – December 16, 1934)
* [[The Tortoise and the Hare (film)|The Boarding-School Mystery]] (December 23, 1934 – Feb 17, 1935)
* [[The Robber Kitten]] (Feb 24 – April 21, 1935)
* [[The Cookie Carnival|Cookieland]] (April 28 – July 21, 1935)
* [[Three Orphan Kittens|Three Little Kittens]] (July 28 – October 20, 1935)
* [[Elmer Elephant|The Life and Adventures of Elmer the Elephant]] (October 27, 1935 – January 12, 1936)
* [[Three Little Pigs (film)|The Further Adventures of the Three Little Pigs]] (January 19 – August 23, 1936)
* [[Donald Duck (comic strip)|Donald Duck]] (August 30, 1936 – December 5, 1937)
* [[Snow White (franchise)#Comic strip|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]] (December 12, 1937 – April 24, 1938)
* [[Three Little Pigs (film)|The Practical Pig!]] (May 1 – August 7, 1938)
* [[Mother Pluto]] (August 14 – October 16, 1938)
* [[Farmyard Symphony]] (October 23 – November 27, 1938)
* [[Elmer Elephant|Timid Elmer]] (December 4, 1938 – Feb 12, 1939)
* [[Pluto (Disney)|Pluto the Pup]] (Feb 19 – March 19, 1939)
* [[The Ugly Duckling (1939 film)|The Ugly Duckling]] (March 26 – April 16, 1939)
* Pluto the Pup (April 23 – December 17, 1939)
* [[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]] (December 24, 1939 – April 7, 1940)
* Pluto the Pup (April 14 – November 3, 1940)
* [[Little Hiawatha]] (November 10, 1940 – July 12, 1942)
* [[Bambi]] (July 19 – October 4, 1942)
* [[José Carioca]] (October 11, 1942 – October 1, 1944)
* [[Panchito Pistoles|Panchito]] (October 8, 1944 – October 7, 1945)
{{div col end}}
The ''Silly Symphony'' Sunday strip ended on October 7, 1945, and was replaced by ''Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit''.

Three of the ''Silly Symphony'' stories inspired long-running features in ''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories''. Original Bucky Bug stories first appeared in issue #39 (Dec 1943) and appeared every month for seven years, wrapping up with issue #120 (Sept 1950). "The Three Little Pigs" feature inspired the creation of [[Li'l Bad Wolf]], the [[Big Bad Wolf (Disney)|Big Bad Wolf's]] errant son, who wants to be friends with the Pigs. Li'l Bad Wolf's adventures began in issue #52 (Jan 1945), and he made regular appearances until almost the end of the comic's original run, issue #259 (April 1962). Finally, Little Hiawatha had his own monthly story for two years, from issue #143 (Aug 1952) to #168 (September 1954).

The complete strip has been reprinted in four hardcover collections, ''Silly Symphonies: The Complete Disney Classics'', published by [[IDW Publishing]]'s [[Library of American Comics]] imprint. The first volume, published in 2016, includes all of the strips from "Bucky Bug" (1932) to "Cookieland" (1935). Volume 2, published in 2017, includes "Three Little Kittens" (1935) to "Timid Elmer" (1939). Volume 3, published in 2018, includes "Pluto the Pup" (1939) to "Little Hiawatha" (1942). The fourth volume, published in 2019, concludes the series with "Bambi" (1942) through Panchito" (1945).

===Donald Duck===
{{main|Donald Duck (comic strip)}}
[[Donald Duck in comics|Donald Duck]] made his first comics appearance in the ''Silly Symphony'' adaptation of the 1934 Disney short ''[[The Wise Little Hen]]'' (Sept. 16, 1934-Dec. 16, 1934). As Donald's popularity grew, he became the star of the ''Silly Symphony'' strip for an extended run (August 1936 to December 1937),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mouseplanet.com/8195/Just_Ducky__Al_Taliaferro_and_Donald_Duck|title=Just Ducky: Al Taliaferro and Donald Duck|first=Wade|last=Sampson|date=16 May 2007|website=mouseplanet.com}}</ref> and then got [[Donald Duck (comic strip)|his own daily strip]] starting on February 7, 1938. A Donald Sunday strip premiered December 10, 1939. [[Carl Barks]], known to fans as "The Duck Man," wrote at least 20 of the strips between 1938 and 1940.<ref name=Holtz-Duck>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=131}}</ref> ''Donald Duck'' ran until May 2005, when it went into reprints.<ref name=Holtz-Duck/>

Starting in 2015, [[IDW Publishing]]'s [[Library of American Comics]] imprint has been publishing hardcover collections of the ''Donald Duck'' strip. As of 2019, five volumes of ''[[Donald Duck: The Complete Daily Newspaper Comics]]'' and two volumes of ''[[Donald Duck: The Complete Sunday Comics]]'' have been released.

===Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit===
{{main|Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit}}
''Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit'' was launched as a Sunday strip on October 14, 1945, as a preview of the upcoming 1946 film ''[[Song of the South]]''. The ''Uncle Remus'' strip began, like ''Silly Symphony'', as a topper for the ''Mickey Mouse'' strip, but after the first few years, almost always appeared on its own.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=400}}</ref>

The previous comic strip adaptations of Disney films lasted for four or five months, but the ''Uncle Remus'' strip continued for almost thirty years, telling new stories of Br'er Rabbit and friends, until the strip was discontinued on December 31, 1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toonopedia.com/brerrab.htm|title=Br'er Rabbit|publisher=[[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]]|access-date=January 18, 2007|first=Don|last=Markstein|archive-date=May 27, 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240527120642/https://www.webcitation.org/6bDugm3on?url=http://toonopedia.com/brerrab.htm|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

===Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales===
{{main|Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales}}
In 1950, Disney distributed a limited-time Sunday strip adaptations of their new animated feature ''[[Cinderella (1950 film)|Cinderella]]'',<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=106}}</ref> and followed the next year with ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=49}}</ref> Judged a success, the experiment was turned into an ongoing feature in 1952—''Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales''—beginning with ''[[The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men|The Story of Robin Hood]]''.

The Sunday strip ran for thirty-five years, from July 13, 1952, to February 15, 1987. The animated features adapted for the strip include ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'' (1953), ''[[Lady and the Tramp]]'' (1955), ''[[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|Sleeping Beauty]]'' (1958), ''[[The Sword in the Stone (1963 film)|The Sword in the Stone]]'' (1963) and ''[[The Jungle Book (1967 film)|The Jungle Book]]'' (1968). ''Classic Tales'' also featured animated shorts, including ''[[Lambert the Sheepish Lion]]'' (1956) and ''[[Ben and Me]]'' (1953), and featurettes like ''[[Make Mine Music|Peter & The Wolf]]'' (1954) and ''[[Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree]]'' (1966). The 1979-80 adaptation of ''[[The Black Hole]]'' was particularly notable for featuring pencil art by comics icon [[Jack Kirby]], with [[Mike Royer]] inking.

''Treasury of Classic Tales'' also adapted live-action films like ''[[Old Yeller (1957 film)|Old Yeller]]'' (1957–58), ''[[Swiss Family Robinson (1960 film)|Swiss Family Robinson]]'' (1960), ''[[Mary Poppins (film)|Mary Poppins]]'' (1964) and ''[[The Love Bug]]'' (1969). The strip transitioned from historical dramas like ''[[The Sword and the Rose]]'' (1953) and ''[[Kidnapped (1960 film)|Kidnapped]]'' (1960) to comedies like ''[[The Shaggy Dog (1959 film)|The Shaggy Dog]]'' (1959) and ''[[The Parent Trap (1961 film)|The Parent Trap]]'' (1961).

In 2016, [[IDW Publishing]] and their imprint ''[[The Library of American Comics]] (LoAC)'' began to collect all the ''Treasury of Classic Tales'' stories in a definitive [[Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales (hardcover book collection)|hardcover reprint series]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Clabaugh |first1=Rich |title=Gift needed for comics fan? Try 'Walt Disney's Treasury of Classic Tales' |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/Books/chapter-and-verse/2016/1219/Gift-needed-for-comics-fan-Try-Walt-Disney-s-Treasury-of-Classic-Tales |work=Christian Science Monitor |date=19 December 2016 }}</ref> As of 2019, three volumes have been published, reprinting all the stories from ''[[The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men|Robin Hood]]'' (1952) through ''[[In Search of the Castaways (film)|In Search of the Castaways]]'' (1962). In April 2018, it was announced that, due to the sales goal of the series not being met, the third volume may be the last one to be published.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://loac.idwpublishing.com/episode-006/ |title=Episode 006 with special guest Michael Barrier |website=loac.idwpublishing.com |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410202051/http://loac.idwpublishing.com/episode-006/ |archive-date=April 10, 2018 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>"[http://loac.idwpublishing.com/episode-006/ Episode 006 with special guest Michael Barrier] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410202051/http://loac.idwpublishing.com/episode-006/ |date=2018-04-10 }}." The Library of American Comics. April 6, 2018. Retrieved 2018-04-10</ref>

===Scamp===
{{main|Scamp (comics)}}
In 1955, the animated film ''[[Lady and the Tramp]]'' inspired a new comic strip based on an adorable, unnamed puppy glimpsed at the end of the movie. ''Scamp'' debuted in newspapers on October 31, 1955, and ran for more than 30 years, ending on June 25, 1988. The strip was created by [[Ward Greene]], a [[King Features Syndicate]] editor who wrote the original magazine story, ''Happy Dan, the Whistling Dog, and Miss Patsy, the Beautiful Spaniel'', which inspired the film. Greene and artist [[Dick Moores]] produced the strip for eight months as a continuing story. Starting in May 1956, other creators took over, and the strip moved to a gag-a-day format.

===Disney Christmas Story===
{{main|Disney Christmas Story}}
Beginning in 1960, a special daily strip with a holiday theme utilizing the Disney characters was offered each year through 1987.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/floyd_norman/archive/2005/02/06/1424.aspx |title=Black to the Future |publisher=Jimhillmedia.com |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090526043641/http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/floyd_norman/archive/2005/02/06/1424.aspx |archive-date=2009-05-26 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mouseplanet.com/articles.php?art=ww090114ws |title=A Belated Christmas Gift: The Disney Newspaper Strip (Wade's Wayback Machine) by Wade Sampson |publisher=Mouseplanet.com |date=2009-01-14 |access-date=2012-03-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jimhillmedia.com/guest_writers1/b/greg_white/archive/2008/12/25/new-greg-white-article.aspx |title=All I want for Christmas is a book that collects those Disney holiday comic strips |publisher=Jimhillmedia.com |date=2011-09-16 |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210201747/http://jimhillmedia.com/guest_writers1/b/greg_white/archive/2008/12/25/new-greg-white-article.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-10 |url-status=live }}</ref> It generally ran for three to four weeks with the concluding strip appearing a day or two before Christmas, often promoting the latest Disney release or re-release.<ref name="Holtz"/> These were unique in that in some cases, they showcased the crossover of Disney characters that otherwise rarely interacted.

The tradition was revived in 1992 as ''Disney Holiday Story'' to publicize contemporary Disney feature animated films.

In 2017, the Christmas stories were collected in a hardback volume, ''Disney's Christmas Classics'', published by [[IDW Publishing]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Disney's Christmas Classics |date=2017 |publisher=IDW Publishing |isbn=978-1684050062}}</ref> The collection includes all of the Christmas stories except for 1986's story based on ''[[Song of the South]]''.

===Winnie the Pooh===
{{main|Winnie the Pooh (comic strip)}}

Disney created a ''[[Winnie the Pooh (comic strip)|Winnie the Pooh]]'' comic strip for King Features Syndicate starting June 19, 1978. Based on the [[Winnie the Pooh (franchise)|Disney adaptations]] of the characters, the strip was written by Don Ferguson and drawn by Richard Moore.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Holtz |first1=Allan |title=American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide |date=2012 |publisher=The University of Michigan Press |location=Ann Arbor |isbn=9780472117567 |page=414}}</ref> In addition to the regular cast of characters, Ferguson and Moore also added a knight named Sir Brian, and his worrywart dragon. The strip lasted for almost ten years, ending on April 2, 1988.

===Other comic strips===
Other Disney strips distributed over the years included (chronologically by start date):
* ''Merry Menagerie'' [humorous daily panel featuring anthropomorphic animals, but no Disney characters] (Jan. 13, 1947-March 17, 1962).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comicstripfan.com/newspaper/m/merrymenagerie.htm |title=Merry Menagerie |publisher=Comicstripfan.com |date=1950-11-21 |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209080918/http://www.comicstripfan.com/newspaper/m/merrymenagerie.htm |archive-date=2012-02-09 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=zapjones |url=http://disneysnowglobe.blogspot.com/2008/05/walt-disneys-merry-menagerie-comic.html |title=DISNEY COLLECTIBLES: Walt Disney's Merry Menagerie comic strip |publisher=Disneysnowglobe.blogspot.com |date=2008-05-24 |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218100851/http://disneysnowglobe.blogspot.com/2008/05/walt-disneys-merry-menagerie-comic.html |archive-date=2012-02-18 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Apeldoorn |first=Ger |url=http://allthingsger.blogspot.com/2008/11/menagerilly-we-roll-along-monday.html |title=The Fabuleous Fifties |publisher=Allthingsger.blogspot.com |date=2008-11-24 |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727072531/http://allthingsger.blogspot.com/2008/11/menagerilly-we-roll-along-monday.html |archive-date=2011-07-27 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''[[True Life Adventures]]'' [daily panel] (March 14, 1955 – February 27, 1973)
* ''Mickey Mouse and His Friends'' [pantomime aimed at an international audience, gag strips featuring Mickey, Minnie, Goofy and Pluto] (September 1, 1958 – March 17, 1962).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.msu.edu/comics/rhode/wordless.htm |title=Stories Without Words: A Bibliography with Annotations |publisher=lib.msu.edu |access-date=2013-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080513002839/http://www.lib.msu.edu/comics/rhode/wordless.htm |archive-date=13 May 2008}}</ref>
* ''[[Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears|Gummi Bears]]'' (Sept. 1, 1986–April 1, 1989) <ref>{{cite web|url= https://strippersguide.blogspot.com/2019/05/obscurity-of-day-gummi-bears.html?showComment=1559377928707&m=1#c1865976303792825265|title=Obscurity of the Day: Gummi Bears |date=2019-05-30 |access-date=2019-05-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newgumbrea.com/docs/comics.pdf |title=Disney's Gummi Bears |access-date=2013-10-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210195737/http://www.newgumbrea.com/docs/comics.pdf |archive-date=2012-02-10 |url-status=live }}</ref>

A proposed [[Roger Rabbit]] strip underwent development but cancellation of the sequel led [[King Features Syndicate|King Features]] to pass on it.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Norman |first1=Floyd |title=The Double Death of Roger Rabbit |url=http://mrfun.squarespace.com/blog/2012/7/27/the-double-death-of-roger-rabbit.html |website=Mr Fun's Blog |access-date=26 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926185342/http://mrfun.squarespace.com/blog/2012/7/27/the-double-death-of-roger-rabbit.html |archive-date=26 September 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Disney comic strip department closed in January 1990. The last two strips, ''Mickey Mouse'' and ''Donald Duck'', continued to be supervised by King Features. The Donald strip was drawn by Larry Knighton with King Features staffers writing it.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mouseplanet.com/10279/Happy_Birthday_Donald_Duck_Comic_Strip|title=Happy Birthday Donald Duck Comic Strip!|first=Jim|last=Korkis|date=10 April 2013|website=mouseplanet.com}}</ref> The Donald strip was discontinued in the mid-1990s. In this period the Mickey strip had Floyd Norman as the writer and art rotating between Rick Hoover and Alex Howell. Norman convinced the syndicate to allow him to drop the [[gag-a-day]] format in favor of adventure continuities of up to four weeks, much in the style of the classic Gottfredson era. By 1994 the strip was running in only 30 newspapers and by mutual agreement of Disney and King Features it ended.<ref name=floyds>{{cite web|url=http://jimhillmedia.com/blogs/floyd_norman/archive/2004/07/20/1417.aspx|title=One Mouse, two Floyds|first=Floyd|last=Norman|website=jimhillmedia.com|date=20 July 2004 }}</ref> Both strips continued with reprints.

In recent years [[Creators Syndicate]] has offered reprints of the ''Donald Duck'', ''Mickey Mouse'' and ''Winnie the Pooh'' strips as part of a "classics" package and posts the current strip on its site (without archiving).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.creators.com/comics/cat-classics.html |title= The Best Content in The World |publisher=Creators Syndicate |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304135826/http://www.creators.com/comics/cat-classics.html |archive-date=2012-03-04 |url-status=live }}</ref> Domestically the strips have 20-30 clients at any one time; they also appear in many newspapers outside the United States (exact number unknown).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dcf.outducks.org/viewtopic.php?id=268&p=1 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711020253/http://dcf.outducks.org/viewtopic.php?id=268&p=1 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-11 |title=The Disney Comics Forum / Where can i find mickey mouse comic strips from the 90's? |publisher=Dcf.outducks.org |access-date=2012-03-07 }}</ref>

==U.S. comic books==
===''Mickey Mouse Magazine''===
{{main|Mickey Mouse Magazine}}
''Mickey Mouse Magazine'' (1933–1940) was the first Disney comics publication, and preceded the popular 1940 anthology comic book ''[[Walt Disney's Comics and Stories]]''. The concept was created by [[Kay Kamen]], a Disney merchandiser. There were three versions of the title: two promotional giveaway magazines published from 1933 to 1935, and a newsstand magazine published from 1935 to 1940. The publication gradually evolved from a 16-page booklet of illustrated text stories and single-page comic panels into a 64-page comic book featuring reprints of the ''Mickey Mouse'' and ''Donald Duck'' comic strips.

===''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories''===
{{main|Walt Disney's Comics and Stories}}
In October 1940, Western rebranded ''Mickey Mouse Magazine'' as ''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories,'' an anthology comic book series featuring an assortment of Disney characters, including Donald Duck, [[Scrooge McDuck]], Mickey Mouse, [[Chip 'n Dale]], [[Li'l Bad Wolf]], [[Scamp (Lady and the Tramp)|Scamp]], [[Bucky Bug]], [[Grandma Duck]], [[Brer Rabbit]], [[Winnie the Pooh]], and others. With more than 700 issues, ''Walt Disney's Comics & Stories'' is the longest-running Disney comic book in the United States.

By the mid-1950s, ''WDC&S'' was the best selling comic book in America, with a circulation hovering around three million a month (with the highest level reached being 3,038,000 for the Sept. 1953 issue).<ref>Willits, Malcolm. "Interview with George Sherman". ''Vanguard'' 1968, reprinted in ''Duckburg Times'' #12 (1981).</ref> It is regarded as one of the best-selling comic books of all time.<ref>{{cite web |last1=De Wolf |first1=Arthur |title=The popularity of Disney comics and magazines around the world |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2007/04/disney-comics-around-the-world/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=2 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802044642/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2007/04/disney-comics-around-the-world/ |archive-date=2 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The book was originally published by [[Dell Comics]] (1940–1962), and there have been many revivals over the years, continuing the same legacy numbering. The revivals have been published by [[Gold Key Comics]] (1962–1984), [[Gladstone Publishing]] (1986–1990), [[Disney Comics (publishing)|Disney Comics]] (1990–1993), back to Gladstone Publishing (1993–1999), [[Gemstone Publishing]] (2003–2008), [[Boom! Studios]] (2009–2011) and [[IDW Publishing]] (2015–2020). IDW relaunched the title as ''Disney Comics and Stories''. IDW lost Disney comics rights in the 2020s and the comic book license for Disney properties passed to [[Marvel Comics]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Spry|first=Jeff|date=December 29, 2021|title=Dark Horse reclaims publishing rights for more 'Star Wars' comics in 2022|url=https://www.space.com/star-wars-comics-dark-horse-publishing-2022|access-date=January 21, 2022|website=Space.com|language=en|archive-date=January 21, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121154312/https://www.space.com/star-wars-comics-dark-horse-publishing-2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=King|first=Samantha|date=February 27, 2024|title=Disney's Most Successful Comic Character Gets Historic Marvel Makeover|url=https://screenrant.com/disney-uncle-scrooge-mcduck-gets-historic-comic-marvel/|access-date=February 28, 2024|website=[[Screenrant.com]]|language=en}}</ref>

===Four Color===
{{main|Four Color}}
When ''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories'' launched in 1940 as a partnership between [[Dell Comics]] and [[Western Publishing]], the comic only reprinted existing ''Mickey Mouse'', ''Donald Duck'' and ''Silly Symphony'' comic strips, rather than creating original stories specifically for the comic book form. This was common for comic books at the time.

Dell also had an anthology series, ''Four Color'', which started in 1939 as a series of "one-shot" specials, each focused on a particular character. In the early days, ''Four Color'' mostly featured comic strip reprints of ''[[Dick Tracy]]'', ''[[Little Orphan Annie]]'', ''[[Terry and the Pirates (comic strip)|Terry and the Pirates]]'' and others.<ref>{{cite web |title=Four Color, 1939 series |url=https://www.comics.org/series/120/ |website=Grand Comics Database |access-date=8 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808180506/https://www.comics.org/series/120/ |archive-date=8 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> The first series included two issues of Disney comic strips -- ''Donald Duck'' strips were reprinted in issue #4 (Feb 1940),<ref>{{cite web |title=One Shots (1st series) #4 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=us%2FOSI+++4 |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref> and Gottfredson's ''Mickey Mouse'' serial ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse Outwits the Phantom Blot]]'' was colored, reformatted into comic form and released as issue #16 (1941).<ref>{{cite web |title=One-Shots (Series 1) #16 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=us%2FOSI++16 |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref>

In 1941, ''Four Color'' published the two earliest Disney comic book stories, based on new Disney films. Issue #13 featured an adaptation of ''[[The Reluctant Dragon (1941 film)|The Reluctant Dragon]]'',<ref>{{cite web |title=One-Shots (series 1) #13 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=us%2FOSI++13 |website=Inducks |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref> and a ''[[Dumbo]]'' adaptation was the focus of issue #17.<ref>{{cite web |title=One-Shots (Series 1) #17 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=us%2FOSI++17 |website=Inducks |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref> Both of these stories were assembled by using a film-editing machine called the [[Moviola]], and having artist Irving Tripp trace the actual frames of the film to make up each panel.<ref name=Funnybooks/> Each issue also had additional short back-up features—the ''Reluctant Dragon'' issue included comic adaptations of the 1941 shorts ''[[Old MacDonald Duck]]'' and [[Goofy|Goofy's]] ''[[The Reluctant Dragon (1941 film)|How to Ride a Horse]]'', and ''Dumbo of the Circus'' had an illustrated text adaptation of the Donald Duck short ''[[The Village Smithy]]'', as well as some filler comic strips from ''Silly Symphony'' and ''Mickey Mouse''.

The next story specifically created for Disney comic books was ''[[Pluto Saves the Ship]]'', published in Dell Comics' ''Large Feature Comics'' #7 in July 1942. The story was written by Disney animators [[Carl Barks]], [[Jack Hannah]] and Nick George; it was Barks's first comic book work.<ref name=Funnybooks>{{cite book |last1=Barrier |first1=Michael |title=Funnybooks: The Improbable Glories of the Best American Comic Books |date=2014 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0520283909 |chapter=Chapter 8: Carl Barks Makes His Break}}</ref>

''Four Color'' relaunched with a new numbering system in 1942, and in October, Dell published "[[Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold]]" as issue #9 of the second series. This 64-page story was the first Donald Duck story drawn (but not yet written) by Barks.

''Four Color'' went on to produce more than 1,000 issues from 1942 to 1962, and the major ongoing Disney comics series were all launched as individual issues of the ''Four Color'' series. "Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold" eventually became the first ''[[Donald Duck (American comic book)|Donald Duck]]'' comic, ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic book)|Mickey Mouse]]'' began as issue #27 (1943), and the first ''[[Uncle Scrooge]]'' comic was issue #386 (March 1952). ''[[Scamp (comics)|Scamp]]'' also began as a ''Four Color'' one-shot with issue #703 (May 1956), which turned into a series in 1958. When they each "graduated" to their own comic books, Dell continued their numbering as if they had been part of a series all along.

There were many other Disney characters featured in issues of ''Four Color''. This list shows the first issue for each character:<ref>{{cite web |title=US: One Shots |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=us%2FOS |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=4 August 2019}}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''[[Bambi]]'': issue #12 (1942)
* ''[[Thumper (Bambi)|Thumper]]'': issue #19 (1943)
* ''[[Bambi|Bambi's Children]]'': issue #30 (1943)
* ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'': issue #49 (1944)
* ''[[The Three Caballeros]]'': issue #71 (1945)
* ''[[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]]'': issue #92 (Jan 1946)
* ''[[Uncle Remus and His Tales of Br'er Rabbit]]'': issue #129 (Dec 1946)
* ''[[The Three Little Pigs (film)|Three Little Pigs]]'': issue #218 (March 1949)
* ''[[Cinderella (1950 film)|Cinderella]]'': issue #272 (April 1950)
* ''[[Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]'': issue #331 (May 1951)
* ''[[Donald Duck universe|Duck Album]]'': issue 353 (Nov 1951)
* ''[[Li'l Bad Wolf]]'': issue #403 (June 1952)
* ''[[Pluto (Disney)|Pluto]]'': issue #429 (Oct 1952)
* ''[[Little Hiawatha]]'': issue #439 (Dec 1952)
* ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'': issue #442 (Dec 1952)
* ''[[Goofy]]'': issue #468 (May 1953)
* ''[[Chip 'n' Dale]]'': issue #517 (Nov 1953)
* ''[[Daisy Duck|Daisy Duck's Diary]]'': issue 600 (Nov 1954)
* ''[[Lady and the Tramp]]'': issue 629 (May 1955)
* ''[[Dumbo]]'': issue #668 (Dec 1955)
* ''[[Jiminy Cricket]]'': issue #701 (May 1956)
* ''[[Fun and Fancy Free|Bongo and Lumpjaw]]'': issue #706 (June 1956)
* ''[[Grandma Duck|Grandma Duck's Farm Friends]]'': issue #763 (Jan 1957)
* ''[[Tinker Bell#Peter Pan (1953) and other Disney media|The Adventures of Tinker Bell]]'': issue #896 (April 1958)
* ''[[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|Sleeping Beauty]]'': issue #973 (May 1959)
* ''[[Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)|Sleeping Beauty's Fairy Godmothers]]'': issue #984 (April 1959)
* ''[[Disneyland|Vacation in Disneyland]]'': issue #1025 (Aug 1959)
* ''[[Gyro Gearloose]]'': issue #1047 (Nov 1959)
{{div col end}}

===Donald Duck===
{{main|Donald Duck (American comic book)}}
''Donald Duck'' (1942–2017) first appeared as part of the ''Four Color'' one-shot series, beginning in issue #9 (Oct 1942). [[Carl Barks]], the first great figure among Disney comic book creators, wrote all of his early long stories for the ''Donald Duck'' one-shots, including ''[[Donald Duck and the Mummy's Ring]]'' (1943), ''The Terror of the River!'' (1946), ''Volcano Valley'' (1947), ''[[The Ghost of the Grotto]]'' (1947), ''[[Christmas on Bear Mountain]]'' (1947), ''[[The Old Castle's Secret]]'' (1948), ''[[Sheriff of Bullet Valley]]'' (1948), ''[[Lost in the Andes!]]'' (1949), ''Voodoo Hoodoo'' (1949) and ''Luck of the North'' (1949).

The title received its own numbering system with issue #26 (1953) and ended with issue #388 (June 2017).

===Mickey Mouse===
{{main|Mickey Mouse (comic book)}}
''Mickey Mouse'' (1943–2017) first appeared as part of the ''Four Color'' one-shot series, beginning in issue #27 (1943). It received its own numbering system with issue #28 (December 1952), and after many iterations with various publishers, ended with #330 (June 2017) from [[IDW Publishing]].

===Dell Giants===
In 1949, Dell began a tradition of publishing occasional "Disney Giants", plus-size comic books with more pages and a higher price. The first Giant was ''Walt Disney's Christmas Parade'' #1 (Nov 1949). This was a 132-page square-bound comic that sold for 25 cents, considerably higher than the typical 10-cent comics.<ref name=TwoMorrows>{{cite book |last1=Schelley |first1=Bill |last2=Dallas |first2=Keith |title=American Comic Book Chronicles: The 1950s |date=2013 |publisher=TwoMorrows Publishing |isbn=978-1605490540 |page=26}}</ref> ''Christmas Parade'' had a cover by Walt Kelly, and began with a Carl Barks-penned Donald Duck story, "Letter to Santa".

''Christmas Parade'' was a success, and Dell followed up the next year with ''Walt Disney's Vacation Parade'' #1 (July 1950) and ''Christmas Parade'' #2 (Nov 1950). Dell also introduced ''[[Looney Tunes#Comic books|Bugs Bunny's Christmas Funnies]]'' in 1950, and soon all of Dell's top-selling characters had regular annuals and giant issues.<ref name=TwoMorrows/>

''Christmas Parade'' ran for ten issues from 1949 to 1959, and was followed by ''Walt Disney's Merry Christmas'' (Dec 1960) and ''Donald Duck Merry Christmas'' (Dec 1961).

''Vacation Parade'' ran for five annual issues from 1950 to 1954, before being retitled ''Picnic Party'' from 1955 to 1957, ''Mickey Mouse Summer Fun'' (1958), ''Walt Disney's Summer Fun'' (1959), ''Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Picnic Time'' (1960) and ''Mickey and Donald in Vacationland'' (1961). There were also six annual issues of ''Donald Duck Beach Party'' from 1954 to 1959.<ref name=dell>{{cite web |title=US: Dell Comics |url=https://inducks.org/publisher.php?c=Dell |website=Inducks |access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref>

Dell also published nine annual issues of ''Silly Symphonies'' (1952–1959).<ref name=giants>{{cite book |last1=Becattini |first1=Alberto |title=Disney Comics: The Whole Story |date=2016 |publisher=Theme Park Press |isbn=978-1683900177 |pages=59–60}}</ref>

When [[Disneyland]], the first Disney theme park, opened in 1955, Dell celebrated with the Giant ''Donald Duck in Disneyland'' (Sept 1955), and made frequent returns to the park over the next few years, including ''Mickey Mouse in Frontierland'' (May 1956), ''Mickey Mouse in Fantasyland'' (May 1957), ''Uncle Scrooge Goes to Disneyland'' (Aug 1957), ''Christmas in Disneyland'' (a one-time retitle of ''Christmas Parade'', Nov 1957) ''Donald and Mickey in Disneyland on Tom Sawyer Island'' (May 1958), ''Vacation in Disneyland'' (Aug 1958), ''Disneyland Birthday Party'' (Oct 1958) and ''Disneyland U.S.A.'' (June 1960).<ref name=dell/>

There were also three annual issues of ''Huey, Dewey and Louie Back To School'' in October 1959, 1960 and 1961, and a number of one-shot Giants, including ''Peter Pan's Treasure Chest'' (Jan 1953), ''Mickey Mouse Birthday Party'' (Sept 1953), ''Mickey Mouse Club Parade'' (Dec 1955), ''Mickey Mouse Almanac'' (Dec 1957) and ''Daisy Duck and Uncle Scrooge Showboat'' (Sept 1961).<ref name=giants/>

===Uncle Scrooge===
{{main|Uncle Scrooge}}
Carl Barks introduced Donald's [[Scrooge McDuck|Uncle Scrooge]] in the story "[[Christmas on Bear Mountain]]", published in ''Four Color'' #178 (Dec 1947). Scrooge made regular returns to both the ''Donald Duck'' comic and Barks's stories in ''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories'' over the next few years, and he finally received his own title in ''Four Color'' #386 (March 1952).

The spin-off title was very popular, and by issue #4 ''Uncle Scrooge'' shed its ''Four Color'' association and became its own independent book. ''Scrooge'' is one of the longest-running American Disney comics books, and is still presently ongoing, reaching issue #450 in June 2019.

The book has been produced under the aegis of several different publishers, including Western Publishing (initially in association with Dell Comics and later under its own subsidiary, Gold Key Comics and its Whitman imprint), Gladstone Publishing, Disney Comics, Gemstone Publishing, Boom! Studios, and IDW Publishing (until 2020), and has undergone several hiatuses of varying length. Despite this, it has maintained the same numbering scheme throughout its six decade history, with only IDW adding a secondary numbering that started at #1.<ref name="IDW-0115">{{cite web|url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=58660|title=IDW KICKS OFF NEW MONTHLY DISNEY LINE IN APRIL WITH "UNCLE SCROOGE" #1|first=Stephen|last=Gerding|publisher=[[Comic Book Resources]]|date=21 January 2015|access-date=23 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150124012030/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=58660|archive-date=24 January 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Gold Key / Whitman era===
By the late 1950s, relations between Dell and Western had become strained. Former Western writer [[Mark Evanier]] states part of this was due to "... a small battle going on between the two companies over the ownership of properties in non-licensed comics."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.povonline.com/iaq/IAQ13.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719042033/http://www.povonline.com/iaq/IAQ13.htm|title=How did the Walter Lantz character Space Mouse appear in a Dell comic book years before he appeared in a Walter Lantz cartoon?|archivedate=July 19, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1962 Western, ended the partnership and continued their comic book line under the [[Gold Key Comics]] label. Comic book historian Joe Torcivia has dubbed the mid-1960s "... a period of creativity for Western Publishing's Disney line not seen since its formation, and never seen again."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tiahblog.blogspot.com/2008/08/comic-book-letter-of-comment-mickey.html|title=Joe Torcivia's The Issue At Hand Blog|first=Joe |last=Torcivia |website=tiahblog.blogspot.com|date=20 August 2008 |access-date=2008-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150617223019/http://tiahblog.blogspot.com/2008/08/comic-book-letter-of-comment-mickey.html|archive-date=2015-06-17|url-status=live}}</ref>

Western continued publishing Dell's four main titles: ''Walt Disney's Comics and Stories'' (starting with issue #264, Sept 1962), ''Mickey Mouse'' (issue #85, Nov 1962), ''Donald Duck'' (issue #85, Dec 1962) and ''Uncle Scrooge'' (issue #40, Jan 1963). They also started (or restarted) several titles:
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''[[The Beagle Boys]]'' (47 issues, 1964–1979)
* ''[[The Phantom Blot]]'' (7 issues, 1964–1966)
* ''[[Chip 'n' Dale]]'' (83 issues, 1967–1984)
* ''[[Duck family (Disney)|Moby Duck]]'' (30 issues, 1967–1978)
* ''[[Scamp (comics)|Scamp]]'' (45 issues, 1967–1979)
* ''[[The Aristocats|O'Malley and the Alley Cats]]'' (9 issues, 1971–1974)
* ''Daisy and Donald'' (59 issues, 1973–1984)
* ''[[Winnie the Pooh]]'' (33 issues, 1977–1984)
* ''The Beagle Boys vs Uncle Scrooge'' (12 issues, 1979–1980)
* ''[[Junior Woodchucks|Huey, Dewey and Louie: Junior Woodchucks]]'' (81 issues, 1966–1984)
* ''[[Duck family (Disney)#Moby Duck|Moby Duck]]'' (30 issues, 1967–1978)
* ''[[Ludwig Von Drake]]'' (4 issues, 1961–1962)
* ''[[Super Goof]]'' (74 issues, 1965–1984)
{{div col end}}

By the 1970s, Disney comics were undergoing a steep decline in circulation, with newsstand distribution discontinued in 1981. Western thereafter released its comics under the Whitman label, distributing them to candy stores and other outlets in bags containing three comics and also eventually distributed them to the emerging network of comic book stores. Western ceased publishing comics in 1984.

===Disney Studio Program<!--'Disney Studio Program' redirects here-->===
From 1962 to 1990 the [[The Walt Disney Company|Walt Disney Studio]] had a unit producing comic book stories exclusively for foreign consumption, the '''Disney Studio Program'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA-->, in response to complaints of foreign comic book licensees that [[Western Publishing]] was producing fewer stories that they could reprint.

Many European publishers saw a great demand for Disney comics, and it was a typical pattern for a company to publish a comic once a month, then add regular specials, then phase out the specials and publish the comic biweekly, and finally turn it into a weekly magazine. France's ''[[Le Journal de Mickey]]'' and the Netherlands' ''[[Donald Duck Weekblad]]'' started the trend, publishing weekly comics in 1952, and the others followed in the late 1950s. Germany's ''[[Micky Maus]]'' turned weekly in 1957, Denmark's ''Anders And & Co.'' in 1958, Sweden's ''[[Kalle Anka & C:o]]'' in 1959, and Italy's ''[[Topolino]]'' in 1960. By the early 1960s, the weeklies' voracious need for material was using up the available inventory of stories.

[[George Sherman (comics)|George Sherman]], head of Disney's Publications Department at the time, hired Tom Golberg to run the program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ramapithblog.blogspot.com/2009/05/sketches-for-fethry-ducks-first.html|title=Ramapith: David Gerstein's Prehistoric Pop Culture Blog: Sketches For Fethry Duck's First Appearance|author=ramapith|website=ramapithblog.blogspot.com|date=9 May 2009 |access-date=2009-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806145127/http://ramapithblog.blogspot.com/2009/05/sketches-for-fethry-ducks-first.html|archive-date=2009-08-06|url-status=live}}</ref> Sherman noted the purpose of the program was "We [will] use new characters in our foreign comics, characters that we don't have [in the United States].... to bring out facets of existing characters, [and to] give the stories more variety."<ref>Gerstein, David. [http://www.cartoonresearch.com/gerstein/Back-To-Long-Ago.pdf "Disney Comics: Back to Long Ago!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607015400/http://www.cartoonresearch.com/gerstein/Back-To-Long-Ago.pdf |date=2011-06-07 }} ''Comic Book Marketplace'', Vol. 3, no. 103, June 2003, Gemstone Publishing, p. 45.</ref>

[[Tony Strobl]], Cliff Voorhees, [[Al Hubbard (comics)|Al Hubbard]], [[Paul Murry]], [[Jack Bradbury]], [[Carson Van Osten]], Ellis Eringer and [[Romano Scarpa]] were among the artists during its early years; [[Carl Fallberg]], [[Floyd Norman]], Ed Nofziger, Cecil Beard, Jim Fanning, [[Dick Kinney]], [[Diana Gabaldon]] and [[Mark Evanier]] were among those who at some point did scripts for it. From the late 1970s on, the Jaime Diaz Studios of Argentina drew most of the stories.

In a few instances, Studio Program stories were reprinted in the United States in promotional giveaways of [[Gulf Oil]] (''Wonderful World of Disney'') in the late 1960s and [[Procter & Gamble]] (''Disney Magazine'') in the mid-1970s. Mickey and the [[The Sleuth (Disney)|Sleuth]] stories were published by [[Gold Key Comics|Gold Key]] in ''Walt Disney Showcase'' #38, 39 and 42 (1977–1978). Besides the Sleuth, other characters created for the program include Donald's cousin [[Fethry Duck]] and the hillbilly hermit [[Hard Haid Moe]]. Also, while [[Carl Barks]] created [[John D. Rockerduck]], he used the character only in a single story ("Boat Buster", ''[[Walt Disney's Comics and Stories]]'' #255, Dec. 1961) while the program subsequently created numerous stories with the Scrooge McDuck rival and helped refine him (along with stories by Brazilian and Italian Disney comic book licensees).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stp.ling.uu.se/~starback/dcml/history.html|title=DCML: Disney Comics History, 1930–1984|website=uu.se|access-date=2008-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090124072051/http://stp.ling.uu.se/~starback/dcml/history.html|archive-date=2009-01-24|url-status=live}}</ref>

Domestic printing of Studio Program stories became common starting in the late 1980s as the Disney comics published by [[Gladstone Publishing|Gladstone]] and [[Gemstone Publishing|Gemstone]] have featured them on a regular basis, along with reprints from [[Gold Key Comics|Gold Key]]/[[Dell Comics|Dell]] and material produced by foreign licensees.

This program was merged into [[Disney Comics (publishing)|Disney Comics]], and is the precursor of the comics that subsequently appeared in ''[[Disney Adventures]]''.

===Revivals===
Starting in 1986, Disney comics in the United States were published by [[Gladstone Publishing]] (a subsidiary of [[Another Rainbow Publishing]] dedicated solely to Carl Barks). Impressed by Gladstone's unanticipated success, Disney revoked their license in 1990 to publish the comics themselves by the subsidiary W. D. Publications, Inc. under the name "[[Disney Comics (publishing)|Disney Comics]]",<ref name=Gerstein>Gerstein, David. [http://www.cartoonresearch.com/gerstein/Back-To-Long-Ago.pdf "Disney Comics: Back to Long Ago!"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607015400/http://www.cartoonresearch.com/gerstein/Back-To-Long-Ago.pdf |date=2011-06-07 }} ''Comic Book Marketplace'', Vol. 3, no. 103, June 2003, Gemstone Publishing, p. 52.</ref> and a large expansion was planned. However, following the [[Disney Comics (publishing)#The .22Disney Implosion.22|Disney Implosion]] in 1991, Disney gradually returned licensing to Gladstone again (for the classic characters) and [[Marvel Comics]] (for the modern characters). Respectively, reprints of classic Barks stories were licensed to Gladstone again from 1991, while it took Gladstone until the demise of Disney Comics in 1993 to regain a license also for other stories containing the classic characters. Gladstone from then on remained publishing Disney comics until 1998.

In 2003, after a few years' hiatus, regular publication was restarted by [[Gemstone Publishing]], a reformed version of Gladstone. Gemstone's two monthly Disney titles were ''[[Walt Disney's Comics and Stories]]'' and ''[[Uncle Scrooge]]'', but the license was not renewed with the last releases dated Nov. 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2009/03/gemstone-ends-disney-license/|title=Gemstone Ends Disney License < Disney Comics Worldwide Blog|website=wolfstad.com|access-date=2009-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090404064107/http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2009/03/gemstone-ends-disney-license/|archive-date=2009-04-04|url-status=live}}</ref>

More recently, Disney licensed some of their modern properties to [[Slave Labor Graphics]] (''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]'') and [[BOOM! Kids]] (''[[The Muppet Show]]'', ''[[The Incredibles]]'', and ''[[Cars (film)|Cars]]''). Boom eventually also got the license for the classic characters,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2009/06/its-official-classic-disney-comics-return-to-the-united-states/|title=It's official: Classic Disney comics return to the United States < Disney Comics Worldwide Blog|website=wolfstad.com|access-date=2009-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625132309/http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/blog/2009/06/its-official-classic-disney-comics-return-to-the-united-states/|archive-date=2009-06-25|url-status=live}}</ref> and began publishing comic books with them in 2009. Although cancelling two titles previously published by Gladstone and Gemstone (''Donald Duck Adventures'' and ''Uncle $crooge Adventures''), Boom! expanded their Disney portfolio in 2010-'11 by launching three new titles based upon the 1990s [[The Disney Afternoon|Disney Afternoon]] TV format (''[[Darkwing Duck]]'', ''[[Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (TV series)|Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers]]'', and ''[[DuckTales (1987 TV series)|DuckTales]]''). However, in August 2011, it was reported that Disney and Boom! were to end the licensing agreement, leaving the future of comics including their classic characters as well as those from the ''Disney Afternoon'' format uncertain.<ref>Brigante, Rick (2011). [http://www.insidethemagic.net/2011/08/disney-ending-partnership-with-boom-studios-future-of-disney-afternoon-comics-uncertain/ ''Disney ending partnership with BOOM Studios, future of ‘Disney Afternoon’ comics uncertain''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916072545/http://www.insidethemagic.net/2011/08/disney-ending-partnership-with-boom-studios-future-of-disney-afternoon-comics-uncertain/ |date=2011-09-16 }}, insidethemagic.com, August 8, 2011</ref>

In October 2014, ''Comic Book Resources'' (CBR) reported that [[Joe Books]], a small new Canadian publisher founded by former BOOM! vice president [[Adam Fortier]], had acquired the rights to a "remastered" omnibus reprint of BOOM's entire ''Darkwing Duck'' comic series that would lead into an all-new on-going ''Darkwing Duck'' series produced by Joe Comics,<ref>Sunu, Steve (2014). [http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=56533 ''Joe Books' "Darkwing Duck" Omnibus to Lead into New Ongoing Series''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223104555/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=56533 |date=2014-12-23 }}, Comic Book Resources, October 22, 2014</ref> and in February 2015, CBR ran an interview with series artist [[James Silvani]] and series writer [[Aaron Sparrow]] on the new "remastered" omnibus collection published by Joe Books that month, as well as their plans for the announced new series.<ref>Morris, Steve (2015). [http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=59285 ''The Terror That Flaps In The Night Rises: Sparrow & Silvani on Darkwing Duck's Return''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215084635/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=59285 |date=2015-02-15 }}, Comic Book Resources, February 13, 2015</ref> As the November 2014 edition of the [[Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide]] also contained ads for Joe Books comic adaptations of two theatrical Disney features,<ref>[https://twitter.com/JoeBooksCo/status/527254619551186944 ''The "Darkwing Duck: Definitively Dangerous Edition": pg 338 of the Nov Diamond catalog! Code NOV141533 F "''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017034506/https://twitter.com/JoeBooksCo/status/527254619551186944 |date=2015-10-17 }}, Tweet by the official Joe Books Twitter channel, 28 October 2014</ref><ref>Johnston, Rich (2014). [http://www.bleedingcool.com/2014/10/22/joe-books-to-collect-all-of-boom-studios-darkwing-duck/ ''Joe Books To Collect All Of Boom! Studios’ Darkwing Duck''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220165258/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2014/10/22/joe-books-to-collect-all-of-boom-studios-darkwing-duck/ |date=2015-02-20 }}, Bleeding Cool, 22 October 2014</ref> observers have expressed rumors that Joe Books has acquired the full North-American comic license to all Disney animated and live-action properties.<ref>(2014). [http://www.animationsource.org/watership/en/comments/Disney_comics_back_in_the_USA/3611.html ''Disney comics back in the USA!''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220170214/http://www.animationsource.org/watership/en/comments/Disney_comics_back_in_the_USA/3611.html |date=2015-02-20 }}, Animation Source, 1 November 2014</ref><ref>Barat, Chris (2014). [http://newsandviewsbychrisbarat.blogspot.de/2014/10/theres-definitely-something-web-here.html ''There's "Definitely" Something A-Web Here''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220165433/http://newsandviewsbychrisbarat.blogspot.de/2014/10/theres-definitely-something-web-here.html |date=2015-02-20 }}, News and Reviews by Chris Barat, 30 October 2014</ref>

In January 2015, [[IDW Publishing]] announced on their public [[Facebook]] account that they were to start publishing all the classic-characters Disney titles, starting with ''Uncle $crooge'' in April of that year and focussing on reprints of European Disney comics with these characters by artists such as [[Marco Rota]] and [[Romano Scarpa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/idwpublishing/photos/a.10150239372238279.337626.8473603278/10152983185573279/?type=1|title=IDW Publishing |website=Facebook |access-date=2015-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017034506/https://www.facebook.com/idwpublishing/photos/a.10150239372238279.337626.8473603278/10152983185573279/?type=1|archive-date=2015-10-17|url-status=live}}</ref> The rights to North-American reprints of Carl Barks and [[Don Rosa]] comics are currently (2015) held by [[Fantagraphics Books]].

Disney has also begun publishing a bimonthly magazine based on ''[[Phineas and Ferb]]'', featuring comic stories based on the show. Between 1999 and 2005, [[Dark Horse Comics]] published occasional adaptations of Disney's new movies.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}

The [[Walt Disney Studios (production)|Disney Studio]] launched Kingdom Comics division in May 2008 led by writer-actor [[Ahmet Zappa]], TV executive [[Harris Katleman]] and writer-editor [[Christian Beranek]]. Kingdom was designed to create new properties for possible film development and reimagine and redevelop existing Disney library movies with [[Disney Publishing Worldwide]] getting a first look for publishing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kit|first=Borys|title=Disney draws up plans for graphic novel biz|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/arts-disney-dc-idUSN2934100420080531|access-date=3 October 2012|newspaper=Hollywood Reporter|date=May 29, 2008|agency=Reuters|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130702001753/https://www.reuters.com/article/2008/05/31/arts-disney-dc-idUSN2934100420080531|archive-date=2 July 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

Peachtree Playthings in [[Marietta, Georgia|Marietta]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], published several issues of ''Mickey Mouse'', ''[[Frozen (franchise)|Frozen]]'', ''[[DuckTales (1987 TV series)|DuckTales]]'', ''[[Toy Story]]'' and ''[[Disney Princess]]'' in 2019–20. [[Dynamite Entertainment]] in [[Mt. Laurel]], [[New Jersey]], began publishing a new monthly ''[[Darkwing Duck]]'' series in January 2023. Dynamite also publishes comic books featuring [[Scar (The Lion King)|Scar]], [[Maleficent (film)|Maleficent]], [[Gargoyles (comics)|Gargoyles]], [[Cruella De Vil]] and [[Lilo & Stitch]].

===Disney Afternoon comics===
There have been many comic books based on the popular 1990–1997 "[[Disney Afternoon]]" slate of afternoon television cartoon series:

* ''[[Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers (TV series)|Chip 'n Dale: Rescue Rangers]]'' 
** Disney Comics: 19 issues (1990–1991)
** Boom!: 8 issues (2010–2011)
* ''[[Darkwing Duck]]''
** Disney Comics: 4 issues (1991–1992)
** Boom!: 18 issues & 1 Annual (2010–2011)
** Joe Books: 8 issues (2016–2017)
** Peachtree Playthings: 5 issues (2019–20)
** Dynamite Entertainment (2023)
* ''[[DuckTales (1987 TV series)|DuckTales]]''
** Gladstone: 13 issues (1988–1990)
** Disney Comics: 18 issues (1990–1991)
** Boom!: 6 issues (2011)
** IDW: ongoing (2017–18)
** Peachtree Playthings: 5 issues (2019–20)
* ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]''
** Marvel Comics: 11 issues (1995)
** Slave Labor Comics: 12 issues (2006–08) [#9-12 TPB-only]
** Slave Labor Comics: Gargoyles: Bad Guys: 6 issues (2007–08) [#5/6 TPB-only]
* ''[[Tale Spin]]''
** Disney Comics: 4-issue miniseries and 7-issue series (1991)

===More comic books===
Notable American Disney comic book writers and artists include [[Carl Barks]], [[Tony Strobl]], [[Paul Murry]], [[William Van Horn]], and [[Don Rosa]].

Disney comic titles in the United States include:
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''Donald and Mickey'' (1945–1949, 1987–1990, 1993–1997, 2017–?) [*Note: originally a giveaway comic (alternate titles = ''Mickey & Donald''/''Donald Duck & Mickey Mouse'')]
* ''Huey, Dewey and Louie Junior Woodchucks'' (1966–1984)
* ''[[Walt Disney Comics Digest]]'' (1968–1976)
* ''[[Uncle Scrooge Adventures]]'' (1987–1990, 1993–1997)
* ''[[Donald Duck Adventures]]'' (1988–1990, 1993–1998, 2003–2006)
* ''[[Mickey Mouse Adventures]]'' (1990–1991, 2004–2006)
* ''[[Walt Disney Giant]]'' (1995–1996)
{{div col end}}

==Europe==
===United Kingdom===
Disney comics first appeared in the United Kingdom in the ''Mickey Mouse Annual'', which published 18 editions between 1930 and 1947. The books were published by Dean & Son, and illustrated by Wilfred Haughton.

Inspired by the 1935 launch of the newsstand-version of ''Mickey Mouse Magazine'', UK publisher Odhams Press established ''[[Mickey Mouse Weekly]]'', a large-size 12-page comics magazine, with four pages in full-color photogravure. Wilfred Haughton contributed to this publication as well, which featured the full range of characters from the ''Mickey Mouse'' and ''Silly Symphony'' cartoons. The magazine included new material—both Disney and non-Disney—as well as reprints of the American comic strips.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Becattini |first1=Alberto |title=Disney Comics: The Whole Story |date=2016 |publisher=Theme Park Press |isbn=978-1683900177|pages=136–139}}</ref> ''Mickey Mouse Weekly'' featured the first ever Donald Duck comic book serial, originally called ''Donald and Donna'', which began in issue #67 (May 15, 1937), drawn by William A. Ward. There were 15 weekly parts of this first serial featuring Donald and his girlfriend Donna, an early version of [[Daisy Duck]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Becattini |first1=Alberto |title=Disney Comics: The Whole Story |date=2016 |publisher=Theme Park Press |isbn=978-1683900177|page=140}}</ref> Donna left the series after the first story, which was continued as ''Donald Duck'', ''Donald and Mac'' and ''Donald Duck with Mac'' for the next three years, ending in issue #222 (May 4, 1940).<ref>{{cite web |title=William A. Ward index |url=https://inducks.org/creator.php?c1=date&c=William+A.+Ward |website=Inducks |access-date=8 September 2019}}</ref> Goofy and Toby Tortoise also had their own strip, ''The Defective Agency'', and so did Elmer Elephant, Pinocchio, Thumper and the mice from ''Cinderella'', Jaq and Gus. The popular magazine ended in 1957, after 920 issues, because of a copyright dispute with Disney.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Becattini |first1=Alberto |title=Disney Comics: The Whole Story |date=2016 |publisher=Theme Park Press |isbn=978-1683900177|page=148}}</ref> Ronald Nielsen had been producing painted comic book pages in [[Floyd Gottfredson]]'s 1940s style, as well as of characters from Disney animated films, during the mid-1950s until the magazine lost its license.

Immediately after the close of ''Mickey Mouse Weekly'', another Disney comics magazine was launched: ''Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse'', which ran for 55 issues from 1958 to 1959, and then changed title to ''Walt Disney's Weekly'', publishing another 111 issues until 1961.

Other Disney comics published in the UK include:
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''Disneyland Magazine'' (1971–1976)
* ''Donald and Mickey'' (1972–1975)
* ''Goofy (and also Pluto)'' (1973–1974); merged as ''Donald and Mickey (and also Goofy)''
* ''Mickey Mouse'' (1975–1981)
* ''Donald Duck'' (IPC Magazines) (1975–1976)
* ''Donald Duck'' (London Editions) (1987–1990)
* ''Mickey Mouse and Friends'' (1989–1990)
* ''The Disney Weekly'' (1991–1992)
* ''Mickey and Friends'' (1992–1996) 
{{div col end}}
Of contributors to American Disney comics who were born in the UK, Ted Thwaites was an inker for [[Floyd Gottfredson]] in the early Disney comic strip department, and Frank McSavage from Scotland drew a number of [[Grandma Duck]], [[Fun and Fancy Free#Plot|Bongo]] and other stories for the American comic books.

British writers for Egmont include Paul Halas, [[Gail Renard]] and Jack Sutter.

British [[Webcomic]] creator Sarah Jolley has introduced a romance between [[Gladstone Gander]] and [[Magica De Spell]]. Her popular online comics, that she calls 'duck doodles', have won praise from Disney artists.

===Scandinavia===
====Denmark====
Danish publisher [[Egmont (media group)|Egmont]] (previously Gutenberghus) has one of the largest productions of Disney comics in the world. This production is not only for Denmark proper, but nearly identical magazines are being published simultaneously every week for all the [[Nordic countries]], Germany (see below), and since the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] in 1989, Eastern Europe. The Danish company started publishing their own series in the early 1960s. Most of Egmont's content has come from several outside sources: reprints of classic [[Carl Barks]] stories, reprinted Barks-style stories from the Netherlands, American artist/writers such as [[Don Rosa]] and [[William Van Horn]], and the outsourced production of art for Egmont's scripts from Barks-style artists' studios, such as [[Vicar (comics)|Vicar]] in Chile, [[Daniel Branca]] in Argentina and several studios in Spain. Italian stories are often featured in digest-formatted [[Donald Duck pocket books|pocket books]].

Artists from Denmark include [[Freddy Milton]] (penname of Fredy Milton Larsen), who worked for the Dutch studio with [[Daan Jippes]], and [[Flemming Andersen]] who draws in a personalized version of the Italian Disney style. In addition to ''Donald Duck'' stories, Freddy Milton has utilized his highly Barks-reminiscent style for other series that he has written and drawn, including ''[[Woody Woodpecker]]'', his own series, ''[[Gnuff]]'', and several titles involving a human character named Villiams Verden. The Scandinavian countries are among those in which Donald Duck is more popular than Mickey Mouse. Danish writers include Lars Jensen, Maya Åstrup, Tom Anderson and Gorm Transgaard (Jensen created Scrooge's opponent [[Velma Vanderduck]], amongst other characters).

Disney titles published in Denmark include: 
* ''{{ill|Anders And & Co.|da}}'' (Donald Duck & Co.) (1949–present): The flagship magazine launched in March 1949 as a monthly, which became bi-weekly in 1956, and weekly in 1958. The weekly publishes new Disney stories produced by Egmont.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anders And & Co |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/anders-and-co/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716182242/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/anders-and-co/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Solo-hæfte|da}}'' (One-Shots) (1953–1956): A series of "one-shot" comics similar to Dell's ''[[#Four Color|Four Color]]''; reprinted much U.S. material of the 1940s and ’50s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Solo-hæfte |url=https://inducks.org/compmag.php?image=on&country=&title1=Solo-h%C3%A6fte&entrycodeh3= |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=16 July 2019}}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Walt Disney's månedshæfte|da}}'' (Walt Disney's Monthly Issue) (1967–1970): Another series reprinting a range of American stories.<ref>{{cite web |title=Månedshæfte |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/manedshaefte/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716182258/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/manedshaefte/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''[[Donald Duck pocket books|Jumbobog]]'' (1968–present): The popular pocket book format was launched in Denmark in 1968, and translated/distributed in many other European countries. This is a 250-page monthly paperback that publishes mostly Italian stories, as well as new stories produced for Egmont. 
* ''Anders And Ekstra'' (1977–2014): A monthly magazine launched in 1977, which used to publish new extra-long stories, but then moved to mostly reprints.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anders And Ekstra |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/anders-and-ekstra/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716182242/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/denmark/anders-and-ekstra/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Sweden====
{{main|Kalle Anka & C:o}}
Sweden was the first Scandinavian country to publish a Disney comic book—the flagship comic ''[[Kalle Anka & C:o]]'' (''Donald Duck & Co''), which started in September 1948. The comic began as a monthly, became bimonthly in 1957, and then a weekly magazine in July 1959. The comic is now identical to ''Anders And & C:o'' from Denmark and ''Donald Duck & C:o'' from Norway. All are published by the Scandinavian corporate group founded in 1878 as Gutenberghus; the name changed to Egmont in 1992. The Finnish ''[[Aku Ankka]]'' is published separately, but is largely the same.

In the 1950s, Swedish Disney comics reprinted existing material from America, both in ''Kalle Anka & C:o'' and a monthly series, ''Walt Disney's serier'' (''Walt Disney's Comics''). When the supply of American comics started to dry up in the 1960s, Denmark's publishing house Gutenberghus began producing original series, followed by Italy's Mondadori and Disney's own "Disney Studio" program. The [[Donald Duck pocket books|pocket book]] ''Kalle Anka's Pocket'' was introduced in 1968, and is still running today. A second pocket book, ''Farbror Joakim'' (''Uncle Scrooge'') was added in 1976. In 1980, ''Musse Pigg & C:o'' (''Mickey Mouse & Co'') was added as a monthly comic, and it continues as a bimonthly. Other current titles are ''Kalle Anka Extra'' and ''Kalle Anka Junior''.

[[Per Erik Hedman]] is a writer from Sweden, and artist [[Tony Cronstam]] draws in a [[Carl Barks]] style. Editor/writer [[Stefan Printz-Påhlson]] wrote a time machine series with fellow editor/writer Lars Bergström; the former also created the reoccurring Stone Age character, [[Princess Oona]]. Per Starbäck compiled Disney comic book indexes into the Disney Comics Mailing List, expanded by Dutch programmer Harry Fluks into the online database, [[Inducks]].

====Finland====
Thanks to a multitalented editor, Markku Kivekäs, who was also a skilled translator, essayist and restorationist, comic book stories about Donald Duck, along with the work of [[Carl Barks]], became extremely popular in Finland, more so than in any other country in the world (per capita), and are accepted as part of the mainstream culture. It was estimated in 2002, that a quarter of the population of Finland was reading the Donald Duck magazine, ''[[Aku Ankka]]''.<ref>''Carl Barks: Conversations'' 2003, edit. [[Donald Ault]]; pp.xxxii-xxxiii</ref> Like the Netherlands, Finland publishes their own Disney comics apart from [[The Egmont Group|Egmont]]. [[Cameo appearance|Cameo]]s of local celebrities are common. [[Kari Korhonen]] has mostly drawn in a Barksian style and also writes some of the stories he illustrates. Songwriter [[Tuomas Holopainen]] has written and composed a [[Scrooge McDuck]] comic book soundtrack that went Gold, ''[[Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge]]''.

====Norway====
Norway has the comic {{ill|Donald Duck & Co (comic book)|lt=''Donald Duck & Co''|nb|Donald Duck & Co|no|Donald Duck & Co}}, which started back in 1948 and is still active. There are several pocket books, amongst them being ''[[:nb:Donald Pocket|Donald Pocket]]'' from 1968 to the present day. Mickey Mouse also had a comic, specifically [[:no:Mikke Mus månedshefte|Mikke Mus månedshefte]] (Mickey Mouse monthly booklet) which lasted from 1980 until 2009.

[[Arild Midthun]] is a Norwegian artist who works in a Barksian style. He has written some of the stories that he has drawn, as well as illustrating stories by other Norwegian writers. Midthun has created popular stories about Viking history, and about Scrooge's days in the Klondike gold rush. [[Carl Barks]] books, clubs and fanzines first appeared in Norway, the home of [[Donaldism]], a Disney comics [[fandom]] movement founded by [[Analysis|analyst]] [[Jon Gisle]] (1st fanzine, 1973; 1st club, 1975).

===Italy===
Italy is a major source for original Disney comic stories. The first Italian Disney comics were published in the early 1930s, and [[Federico Pedrocchi]] wrote and illustrated the first Italian Donald Duck adventure comic as early as 1937—a story called "Paolino Paperino e il mistero di Marte" ("Donald Duck and the Secret of Mars") in the weekly paper ''[[Donald Duck and Other Adventures]]'' (''Paperino e altre avventure'').

Italy has introduced several new characters to the Disney universe, including Donald's [[superhero]] alter ego [[Duck Avenger]] (original name ''Paperinik''), created in 1969. Production has been handled by [[:it:Casa Editrice Nerbini|Nerbini]] (1932–1937), [[Mondadori]] (1937–1988), [[The Walt Disney Company Italy|Disney Italy]] (1988–2013) and [[Panini Comics]] (2013–present).

''[[Topolino]]'' is the main Italian Disney publication, and its first incarnation was a weekly newspaper published from 1932 to 1949, for a total of 738 issues. In 1949, ''Topolino'' switched to a [[digest-sized]] format and its numbering restarted at #1: originally a monthly, it became a biweekly in 1952 and a weekly in 1960. The second incarnation of ''Topolino'' reached its 3500th issue in 2022. At first, ''Topolino'' alternated between translations of foreign stories and original stories produced by Italian authors, however since the early 1990s foreign stories have mostly disappeared from it.

Italy's digest-sized format has been adopted by many other countries in the long running [[Donald Duck pocket book]] series.

In the late 1990s, Disney Italy launched several new lines, including ''[[PKNA|PKNA: Paperinik New Adventures]]'' (a comic book version of [[Paperinik]] aimed at a slightly older audience), ''[[MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine]]'' (a noir series starring Mickey Mouse as detective), ''[[Wizards of Mickey]]'', ''[[DoubleDuck]]'', and ''[[W.I.T.C.H.]]'',<ref name=flame>{{Cite web |last=Fiamma |first=Andrea |date=April 26, 2021 |title=Cosa sono state le Witch |url=https://fumettologica.it/2021/04/witch-fumetto-disney/ |access-date=2022-10-09 |website=[[Fumettologica]] |language=it-IT}}</ref> plus the comics published under the imprint Buena Vista Comics (including the original ''[[Monster Allergy]]'' comic series and a few other titles, such as ''[[Kylion]]'' and a comic inspired by the ''[[Alias (TV series)|Alias]]'' TV show).

The Disney comics published in Italy include:
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''{{ill|Topolino giornale|lt=Topolino|it|Topolino (giornale)}}'' (newspaper) (1932–1949)
* ''{{ill|I tre porcellini|it|I tre porcellini (periodico)}}'' (The Three Little Pigs) (1935–1937)
* ''[[Paperino e altre avventure]]'' (''Donald Duck and Other Adventures'') (1937–1940)
* ''{{ill|Topolino libretto|lt=Topolino|it|Topolino (libretto)}}'' (comic) (1949–present)
* ''{{ill|Almanacco Topolino|it}}'' (1957–present)
* ''{{ill|I Classici di Walt Disney|it}}'' (Walt Disney Classics) (1957–present)
* ''{{ill|Zio Paperone|it|Zio Paperone (periodico 1987}}'' (Uncle Scrooge) (1988–2008)
* ''[[Donald Duck in comics#Paperinik (Duck Avenger)|Paperinik]]'' (Donald Duck's superhero identity) (1993–2005)
* ''[[PKNA|PKNA: Paperinik New Adventures]]'' (1996–2001)
* ''[[MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine]]'' (1999–2001)
* ''[[W.I.T.C.H.]]'' (2001–2012)
* ''{{ill|PK²|it}}'' (2001–2002)
* ''{{ill|PK - Pikappa|it}}'' (2002–2005)
* ''[[Monster Allergy]]'' (2003–2015)
* ''{{ill|Paperinik Cult|it|Paperinik (libretto)}}'' (2005–2011)
* ''{{ill|Paperinik Appgrade|it|Paperinik (libretto)}}'' (2012–2016)
* ''{{ill|Paperinik|it|Paperinik (libretto)}}'' (2017–present)
* ''{{ill|Zio Paperone|it|Zio Paperone (periodico 2018}}'' (Uncle Scrooge) (2018–present)
{{col div end}}

===Netherlands===
The Netherlands (current publisher: [[DPG Media]]) has a significant school of Disney comics. The first Dutch Disney comics appeared in 1953. In 1975, [[Daan Jippes]] became the art director for production of these comics, and created a heavily [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-inspired line that remains the best-known Dutch Disney style. Donald Duck is the most popular Disney character in the Netherlands, but Sanoma also produces comics starring lesser-known characters such as [[Li'l Bad Wolf]]. Other productive Dutch artists who have worked in a Barksian style include Mark De Jonge, Sander Gulien, brothers Bas and [[Mau Heymans]] and Ben Verhagen. [[Freddy Milton]] from Denmark also worked with Jippes as a team for both scripts and art. Wilma Van Den Bosch produced art for a Dutch Daisy Duck title. Frank Jonker and Jan Kruse, among others, have provided scripts.

The Disney comics published in the Netherlands include: 
* ''[[Donald Duck Weekblad]]'' (1952–present), the flagship weekly magazine, first published on October 25, 1952. The magazine was originally published by the staff of the women's magazine ''Margriet'', and every ''Margriet'' subscriber received the first issue for free.<ref>{{cite web |title=Weekblad Donald Duck |url=https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/w/weekblad-donald-duck/ |website=Duckipedia |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042325/https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/w/weekblad-donald-duck/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> The comic is mainly aimed at younger children, and includes a letters page from readers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Donald Duck |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042328/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2019, the magazine reached its 3,500th issue.
* ''[[Donald Duck pocket book|Donald Duck Pocket]]'' (1970–present), a 250-page pocket book that prints mostly comics from Italy, featuring characters that don't usually appear in Dutch comics, like Superdonald/Fantomerik, Otto von Drakenstein, John Rockerduck, Brigitta, Indiana Goofy and DD Dubbelduck. This became a monthly publication in 2006. These books are the same pocket books published by Egmont in the Netherlands.<ref>{{cite web |title=Donald Duck Pocket |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-pocket-3/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042329/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-pocket-3/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Donald Duck Extra|nl}}'' (1982–present), a monthly magazine featuring longer or more unusual stories. Don Rosa's "[[The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck]]" stories ran in the ''Extra'', as did William Van Horn and Marco Rota stories. The magazine started in February 1982 as ''Stripgoed'', but changed to ''Donald Duck Extra'' with issue #37.<ref>{{cite web |title=Donald Duck Extra |url=https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/d/donald-duck-extra/ |website=Duckipedia |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042327/https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/d/donald-duck-extra/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Donald Duck (dubbelpocketreeks)|lt=Donald Duck Dubbelpocket|nl}}'' (1996–present), a 500-page pocket book that's twice as large as the regular ''Donald Duck Pocket'' book. Originally published twice a year, the book was increased to four times a year in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |title=Donald Duck Dubbelpocket |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-dubbel-pocket/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042328/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-dubbel-pocket/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Katrien (tijdschrift)|lt=Katrien|nl}}'' (1999–present), a monthly magazine for girls aged 8–12, starring Katrien (Daisy Duck) and her three nieces Lizzy, Juultje and Babetje ([[April, May and June]]). The comic first appeared on July 19, 1999, as a bimonthly magazine, but became monthly in 2016.<ref>{{cite web |title=Katrien |url=https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/k/katrien-tijdschrift/ |website=Duckipedia |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042325/https://www.donaldduck.nl/duckipedia/k/katrien-tijdschrift/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Donald Duck Junior|nl}}'' (2008–present), a biweekly version of ''Donald Duck'' for younger readers, with shorter stories and bigger print.<ref>{{cite web |title=Donald Duck Junior |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-junior/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=16 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042355/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/netherlands/donald-duck-junior/ |archive-date=16 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|SuperDonald: Duck Power|lt=Disney Premium|nl}}'' (2016–present), a special pocket book published five times a year. Each issue prints (or reprints) stories featuring one of four series: ''Superdonald'', ''Mickey's Mysteries'', ''Darkwing Duck'' and ''DubbleDuck''. These are generally darker, action-oriented stories about Mickey and Donald as detectives, superheroes and secret agents.<ref>{{cite web |title=Netherlands: Premium |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=nl%2FPREM |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=16 July 2019}}</ref>

While the Donald Duck comics thrive in the Netherlands, the audience for Mickey Mouse has been relatively weak. A monthly magazine, ''Mickey Maandblad'', was published in several formats from 1976 to 1989, finally dropped for lack of sales.<ref>{{cite web |title=Netherlands: Mickey Maandblad |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=nl/MM |website=[[Inducks]]|access-date=16 July 2019}}</ref>

Dutch [[programmer]] Harry Fluks created the online Disney Comics Database, [[Inducks]] (launched 1994), expanded from the Disney Comics Mailing List based in Sweden.

===Germany===
Mickey Mouse was a popular character in Germany since his first appearance in 1929, and a few comic strips were printed in some German newspapers (e.g. the ''Kölner Illustrierte Zeitung''). In 1937, the Swiss ''Micky Maus Zeitung'' was published in German by Bollmann.

By 1948, the Danish magazine publisher [[The Egmont Group|Egmont]] (then called Gutenberghus) secured a license to print Disney comics in Scandinavia. In September 1951, Ehapa Verlag in [[Stuttgart]], [[West Germany]], a subsidiary of Egmont, started the monthly publication ''[[Micky Maus]]'', a format similar to ''Walt Disney's Comics & Stories''. From the start, it featured stories by Carl Barks, translated by chief editor Dr. [[Erika Fuchs]]. The comic book was published on a biweekly basis 1956/57, and from 1958 on it changed into a weekly. Renamed ''Micky Maus Magazin'', it is still published today by the Egmont Ehapa publishing company (now in Berlin) and is the longest running comic book in Germany. In its heyday (early 1990s), its weekly circulation number rose to one million copies. In spite of the name, most stories of ''Micky Maus'' feature Donald Duck, as he is the most popular Disney character in Germany.

Many other titles have been published by the company, most notably ''Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck'' ('The Best stories of Donald Duck', 1965-today), the ''Lustige Taschenbuch'' ('Funny Paperback', a digest title mostly reprinting Italian pocket books; 1967-today) and many other series.

Volker Reiche and Jan Gulbransson are local artist/writers who have worked in a [[Carl Barks]] style. Gulbransson drew an 8-part series wherein Scrooge and kin visit regional German cities and wrote/drew a 4-part series set in the Alps and a story where Scrooge finances a team in the German soccer league, and many others. Barks-fan Volker Reiche wrote and drew a batch of stories in his signature scruffy version of Barks's 1940s style. A popular graphic novel adventure series, ''Tales From Uncle Scrooge's Treasure Chest'' was conceptualized, plotted and produced by Ehapa editor Adolf Kabatek. Although the art was outsourced, it was made sure to be in a Barksian style. Ulrich Schröder relocated to Paris to become the art director of Disney Publishing Worldwide, the company's European headquarters, and has produced comic covers, story and editorial art for Disney comics in Germany and France.  Schröder has worked with Dutch artist [[Daan Jippes]].

Austrian abstract artist [[Gottfried Helnwein]] held a Barks comic art touring exhibition in Germany, that along with a similar exhibit that was being shown at the time, was seen by over half a million people (over 400,000 and over 100,000, respectively). Erika Fuchs's translation work was highly influential, and she incorporated many aspects of German culture into her translations. Many of her 'Fuchisms' have become part of the German language. The [[Donaldism|Donaldist]] group, D.O.N.A.L.D. claims to be the preservers of the non-commercial original Donaldism and even hold congresses, knight contributors to children's literature and infiltrate conservative newspaper columns (that members contribute) with Fuchisms.

Some of the Disney comics from Germany include:

* ''[[Micky Maus]]'' (main title, 1951–present)
* ''{{ill|Die tollsten Geschichten von Donald Duck – Sonderheft|de}}'' (''The Best Stories of Donald Duck'', 1965–present)
* ''[[Lustiges Taschenbuch]]'' (''Funny Paperback'' [[Donald Duck pocket books|pocket book]], 1967–present)
* ''Lustiges Tachenbuch Classic! Die Comics von Carl Barks'' (Funny Paparback Classic! The Comics of Carl Barks, 2019–present) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.duckipedia.de/Lustiges_Taschenbuch_Classic_Edition | title=Lustiges Taschenbuch Classic Edition – Duckipedia }}</ref>

===France===
French-produced stories started in 1952, as a one-pager comic published in each issue of ''[[Le Journal de Mickey]]'', drawn by [[Louis Santel]] (''Tenas'') and written by [[Pierre Fallot]]. After a few issues, a new series started ([[Mickey à travers les siècles]]) and continued up to 1978, drawn almost entirely by [[Pierre Nicolas]] and written by Fallot and [[Jean-Michel le Corfec]].

Later in the beginning of the 1980s, a new production started, led by Patrice Valli and Pierre Nicolas as editors with adventures of Mickey Mouse, Uncle Scrooge, Donald Duck. Among the best artists, one recalls [[Claude Marin]], or [[Claude Chebille]] (known as ''Gen-Clo''), and Italian artists like Giorgio Cavazzano. Some of the best writers were [[Michel Motti]] and [[Pierre-Yves Gabrion]]. In the late 1980s up to now, an increasing number of Spanish artist from the [[Comicup studio]] provided the art, while the writing stayed to French authors.

Disney comics published in France include:

* ''[[Le Journal de Mickey]]'' (1934–present): created in October 1934 (with a break in publication from 1945 to 1952), the weekly ''Le Journal de Mickey'' is a cultural institution in France.<ref>{{cite web |title=France: Le Journal de Mickey |url=https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/france/le-journal-de-mickey/ |website=Disney Comics Worldwide |access-date=17 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717012441/https://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/france/le-journal-de-mickey/ |archive-date=17 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* ''{{ill|Mickey Parade|lt=Mickey Parade Géant|fr}}'' (1966–1979, 1980–present): The first version of ''Mickey Parade'' was originally an extra supplement to ''Le Journal de Mickey'', published irregularly by Edi-Monde. It became quarterly in 1968, and transitioned to a bimonthly comic. Edi-Monde ceased publication of ''Mickey Parade'' in 1979. In 1980, the magazine was reintroduced as a monthly by Hachette Media, who restarted the numbering. In January 2002, with issue #265, the comic became ''Mickey Parade Géant''—a larger, thicker paperback, published bimonthly.
* ''[[Picsou Magazine]]'' (1972–present): A best-selling monthly children's magazine that includes comics about Uncle Scrooge (Picsou in French) along with video game reviews and information on new movies.<ref name=wol>{{cite web|title=Picsou Magazine|url=http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/france/picsou-magazine/|publisher=Wolfstad|access-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313150449/http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/france/picsou-magazine/|archive-date=13 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, the magazine went bimonthly.

===Spain===
The original flagship comic was ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FDB1 Dumbo]'' (aka ''Colleción Dumbo Historietas Comicas de Walt Disney''), which was published by Ediciones Recreativas S.A. (ERSA) from 1947 to 1965. Initially bimonthly, ''Dumbo'' increased frequency to approximately 40 issues a year, and the comic ran for 527 issues. Starting October 1965, ERSA rebooted with a second version of ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FDB2 Dumbo]'', published monthly. The second series ran for 144 issues, until December 1976. A third series of ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FDBM Dumbo]'', published in 46 issues by Montena from July 1978 to April 1982, was released as monthly hardbound books (originally 100 pages, then dropping to 68 pages).

ESRA also published a large-format 16-page bimonthly magazine, ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FPD1 Pato Donald]'', which lasted from 1965 to April 1966. ESRA rebooted with a second version of ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FPD2 Pato Donald]'' in May 1966, now a 36-page weekly. The second ''Pato Donald'' ran for 231 issues, until December 1975. Montena also published the weekly ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FDM Don Miki]'' for 638 issues, from October 1976 to December 1988, and ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FDD Don Donald]'' for 136 issues, from 1979 to 1985.

In September 1989, Primavera began publishing ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FMM Mickey]'' and ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FPDP Pato Donald]''; ''Mickey'' lasted for 17 issues until January 1991, and ''Pato Donald'' for 46 issues until June 1992. RBA tried to revive the line in 2002, publishing 22 issues of ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FMR Mickey]'' and 4 issues of ''[https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=es%2FPDR Pato Donald]''.

Several comic studios in Spain produced story art for Disney comic scripts. Some artists became independent, such as Paco Rodriguez, who utilizes [[Daniel Branca]]'s Barksian style.

===Greece (and Cyprus)===
The weekly ''[[Miky Maous]]'' (Μίκυ Μάους) comic was first published on July 1, 1966, and remained in print for more than 45 years, eventually being ended by struggling publisher Nea Aktina S.A. on September 6, 2013, with issue #2460-61.<ref>{{cite web |title=Greece: Μίκυ Μάους |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=gr%2FMM&pg=details |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref>

Terzopoulos Publishing (renamed Nea Aktina after the death of founder Mr Terzopoulos) released 20 magazines, with Μικυ Μαους (Mickey Mouse) being the main, weekly magazine with stories from across the Mickey-Donald universe. Other publications were released from monthly to yearly basis, notably Ντοναλντ (Donald) and Κομιξ (Comics) featuring classic stories. Six of the publications went out of the Mickey-Donald bubble with franchises such as [[Winnie-the-Pooh]], the Disney princesses, cars,  and even Pixar's ''Toy Story''. Moreover two Disney magazines were released, ''Almanaco'', focusing mainly on video games and a teen audience, including short Disney comics, also releasing Κοσμος Ντισνευ (Disney world) which included info and stories from recent Disney franchises such as ''[[The Incredibles]]'' and ''[[Hannah Montana]]''. Another 47 standalone publications were released in the time of the publisher. By the end of 2013, 11 series were being published.

In 2014, the title was relaunched by ''[[Kathimerini]]'', with numbering starting at #1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Greece: Μίκυ Μάους Β΄ Περίοδος |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=gr%2FMMB |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref>

''Kathimerini'' relaunched ''Mickey Mouse'' (weekly) and ''Donald'', ''Comics'', ''Super Mickey'' (monthly), along with some limited edition collections bundled with the ''Kathimerini'' newspaper. The magazines nowadays mainly draw from the Italian publications. ''Kathimerini'' discontinued direct supply to Cyprus, however many stores get their hands on the comics with a middleman or a subscription. 

===Belgium===
Louis Santel (Ténas) created new material in the 1950s.

===Yugoslavia===
Vlastimir Belkić produced original content in the 1930s.

==Latin America==
===Brazil===
The first Mickey Mouse stories were published in Brazil in 1930, in the comics anthology ''O Tico Tico'', under the name ''Ratinho Curioso'' (the Curious Mouse). The magazine reprinted comic strips by Floyd Gottfredson.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vergueiro |first1=Waldomiro |title=O Tico-Tico completa 100 anos |url=https://www.omelete.com.br/quadrinhos/io-tico-ticoi-completa-100-anos |access-date=17 July 2019 |publisher=Omelete |date=October 11, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717012442/https://www.omelete.com.br/quadrinhos/io-tico-ticoi-completa-100-anos |archive-date=17 July 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In Brazil, through the publisher [[Editora Abril|Abril]], national stories have been published since the 1950s, with artists like Jorge Kato inspired by Carl Barks. In the 1960s and 1970s, [[Renato Canini]] drew a number of stories in a style inspired by the popular abstract design of the era. He also developed a universe around [[José Carioca]], a very popular character in Brazil. Abril increased production in the 1970s and 1980s. Except for José Carioca, recurring characters included [[Daisy Duck|Daisy]] (turned [[feminist]]) and [[Fethry Duck]]. Among the most prolfic authors were the writer Arthur Faria Jr. and the artist Irineu Soares Rodriguez. Brazil is also known to have retained many "obscure" characters, largely forgotten elsewhere, besides Portugal. "O Pato Donald" (The Donald Duck) was initially published in comic book format, then from issue #22 began to be published in [[digest-sized]] format.<ref name="inducks">{{cite web|url=http://coa.inducks.org/story.php?c=BC+PD++++1|title=Alugam-se Bicicletas|website=[[Inducks]]|access-date=2010-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611041534/http://coa.inducks.org/story.php?c=BC+PD++++1|archive-date=2011-06-11|url-status=live}}</ref>

At the end of the 1990s, the Brazilian production ceased, and then restarted for a short while in the 2000s. After an absence of almost 10 years, with just a few special events stories, production again started up at the end of 2012. During the 2010s Abril was also responsible for publishing Disney's manga in Brazil (some unpublished in other countries outside Japan), including titles like [[Kingdom Hearts]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hqmaniacs.uol.com.br/principal.asp?acao=noticias&cod_noticia=18046|title=Abril anuncia mangá Kingdom Hearts|first=Andréa|last=Pereira|date=November 7, 2008|publisher=HQ Maniacs |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921185336/http://hqmaniacs.uol.com.br/principal.asp?acao=noticias&cod_noticia=18046 |archive-date=2016-09-21}}</ref> [[Big Hero 6 (film)|Big Hero 6]], [[Kilala Princess]], [[Stitch!]], Miriya and Marie, [[Star Wars]] and others.

Disney comics were published by Editora Abril since 1950, but the company stopped publishing them in 2018, facing financial difficulties.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.universohq.com/noticias/abril-confirma-em-comunicado-a-assinantes-fim-dos-quadrinhos-disney-na-editora/ |title=Abril confirma, em comunicado a assinantes, o fim dos quadrinhos Disney na editora |date=9 June 2018 |access-date=2019-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716234035/http://www.universohq.com/noticias/abril-confirma-em-comunicado-a-assinantes-fim-dos-quadrinhos-disney-na-editora/ |archive-date=2019-07-16 |url-status=live }}</ref> The next year, however, the comics returned through the publisher Culturama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://observatoriodocinema.uol.com.br/quadrinhos/2018/12/apos-abril-interromper-distribuicao-hqs-da-disney-voltam-a-ser-lancadas-no-brasil-em-2019|title=Após Abril interromper distribuição, HQs da Disney voltam a ser lançadas no Brasil em 2019|first=Bruno|last=Tomé|website=observatoriodocinema.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://universohq.com/noticias/culturama-divulga-capas-das-novas-revistas-disney/|title=Culturama divulga capas e outros detalhes das novas revistas Disney|date=February 22, 2019|website=UNIVERSO HQ}}</ref> José Carioca's title was not continued by Culturama, but new stories returned in September, 2020, in the comic book ''Aventuras Disney''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-29|title=Zé Carioca volta a ter HQs produzidas no Brasil|url=http://www.universohq.com/noticias/ze-carioca-volta-ter-hqs-produzidas-no-brasil/|access-date=2020-08-07|website=UNIVERSO HQ|language=pt-BR|archive-date=2020-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814074144/http://www.universohq.com/noticias/ze-carioca-volta-ter-hqs-produzidas-no-brasil/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The best-known titles include:
{{div col|colwidth=27em}}
* ''{{ill|Pato Donald (revista em quadrinhos)|lt=Pato Donald|pt}}'' (1950–2018; 2019–present); 1st series, 2481 issues
* ''Mickey'' (1952–2018; 2019–present); 1st series, 911 issues
* ''Zé Carioca'' (1961–2018); 1st series, 2446 issues
* ''Tio Patinhas (Uncle Scrooge)'' (1963–2018; 2019–present); 1st series, 637 issues
* ''Pateta (Goofy)'' (1982–1984; 2004–2007; 2011–2018; 2019–2022); 1st series, 56 issues; 2nd, 26 issues; 3rd, 87 issues; 4th, 37 issues
* ''Peninha (Fethry Duck)'' (1982–1984; 2004–2007); 1st series, 56 issues; 2nd, 19 issues
* ''Margarida (Daisy Duck)'' (1986–1997; 2004–7); 1st series, 257 issues; 2nd, 25 issues
* ''Urtigão (Hard Haid Moe)'' (1987–1994; 2006); 1st series, 169 issues; 2nd, 6 issues
* ''Minnie'' (2004–2006; 2011–2018); 1st series, 29 issues; 2nd, 81 issues
{{col div end}}

===Argentina===
Luis Destuet was an early artist in the 1940s (Some stories were reprinted in Brazil and Italy). Around the turn of the decade, Destuet moved to Brazil and started production there by training new artists. In the 1980s, [[Daniel Branca]] set up a prolific and influential story art production studio, influenced by [[Daan Jippes]] to create expressive artwork in [[Carl Barks]]' 1950s style.

===Chile===
The pre-war "Álbum Mickey" series contained various short strips that were possibly locally produced, according to [[Inducks]], as well as some [[Zorro]] stories in the 1970s. [[Vicar (cartoonist)|Vicar]] set up a prolific [[Carl Barks]]–style story art production studio in the 1970s.

==Australia, Africa and Asia==
===Australia===
The main Australian publisher was W.G. Publications (Wogan Publications from 1974). A number of series reflecting equivalents in the U.S. included ''Mickey Mouse''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=au/MS|title=Australia: Mickey Mouse (M series) &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref> and ''Donald Duck''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=au/DS|title=Australia: Donald Duck (D series) &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref> The most significant series, however, are ''Walt Disney Comics'' (1946–1978);<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=au/WDC|title=Australia: Walt Disney's Comics (No. Series) &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref> and the "Giant" (1951 to 1978).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=au/GS|title=Australia: Giant (G Series) &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref>

''Walt Disney Comics'' mixed and matched covers and stories from its sister U.S. publication, rather than just reprinting them. The "Giant" presented selections from various U.S. series, from film promotions such as ''Robin Hood'' to ''Uncle Scrooge'', ''Beagle Boys'' and ''Junior Woodchucks''. In some cases these were mere reprints. In others, an extra story was added to increase the page count; for instance, W MM 97-04 "Par for the Course", in No. 570 ''The Beagle Boys''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=au/GS+570#b|title=Australia: Giant (G Series) # 570 &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref>

This practice of adding an extra story to an issue otherwise identical the U.S. one is common elsewhere; as an example, in the "Film Preview Series", the first ''Robin Hood'' issue has W OS 1055-03 "The Double Date" added.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=au/FP+82|title=Australia: Film Preview (FP Series) # 82 &#124; I.N.D.U.C.K.S.|website=inducks.org}}</ref>

===Egypt===
Mickey Mouse was introduced to the Arab world through a comic book called ''Samir'', which published ''Samir Presents Mickey'' #1 in April 1958. This series published 24 issues in 1958 and 1959.<ref>{{cite web |title=Egypt: Samir Presents Mickey #1 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=eg%2FSPM++1 |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref> Mickey proved very popular in Egypt, and in 1959 he got a weekly comic book, ميكي (''Mickey'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Egypt: ميكي (Mickey, Dar Al-hilal) # 1 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=eg%2FSM++++1 |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref> After 44 years of publication, the publisher Dar-Al-Hilal stopped publication in 2003, after disputes with Disney (The last issue being #2188, published in March, 2003).<ref>{{cite web |title=Egypt: ميكي (Mickey, Dar Al-hilal) # 2188 |url=https://inducks.org/issue.php?c=eg%2FSM+2188 |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref>

In 2004, publisher Nahdat Masr acquired the Disney license, and the first issues were sold out in less than 8 hours.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://comicbookguide.wordpress.com/2011/03/10/mickey-mouse-in-egypt/ |title=Mickey Mouse In Egypt ! &#124; Comic Book Guide |publisher=Comicbookguide.wordpress.com |date=2011-03-10 |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110914211039/http://comicbookguide.wordpress.com/2011/03/10/mickey-mouse-in-egypt/ |archive-date=2011-09-14 |url-status=live }}</ref> The new version of ''Mickey'' published issue #0 in December, 2003, and issue #1 in December 2004. As of 2018, the magazine had reached more than 700 issues.<ref>{{cite web |title=Egypt: ميكي (Mickey) |url=https://inducks.org/publication.php?c=eg%2FMNM |website=[[Inducks]] |access-date=17 July 2019}}</ref> Besides the publication of the weekly magazine, two monthly magazines are published:  مجلد سوبر ميكى (''SuperMickey'') and Mickey Geib "Pocket Mickey" (a pocket sized magazine).

In the 60s and 70s, original material was created (in [[Egyptian Arabic]]), most notably by Ahmed Hijazi, a [[Folk art|folk]]-style artist.

===Japan===
Many Disney comics originally by American or European authors have been entirely re-drawn by Japanese artists for local publication. The Italian manga-inspired series, [[W.I.T.C.H.]], was submitted to the same kind of treatment, giving birth to a Japanese-exclusive adaptation with art by Haruko Iida and published by [[Kadokawa Shoten]].

Japan also produced completely original Disney material, such as the manga adaptation of the videogame [[Kingdom Hearts]] by [[Shiro Amano]], published by Bros Comics EX (and later translated in English by [[Tokyopop]]) and Jun Asaga's adaptation of [[Tim Burton]]'s [[The Nightmare Before Christmas]] (originally published by [[Kodansha]], English version by [[Disney Press]]).

===Vietnam===
Donald và bạn hữu (Vietnamese for "Donald and friends") is a bilingual weekly Disney comics magazine in Vietnamese and English published by [[Tre Publishing House]] in co-operation with The Saigon Times under license from the Walt Disney Company since 1998.

===India===
On December 8, 2010, DPW's India unit signed a multi-year contract with [[India Today Group]] to print and distribute Disney comics in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Disney inks publishing, distribution pact with India Today Grp|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/disney-inks-publishing-distribution-pactindia-today-grp/118608/on|access-date=12 December 2012|newspaper=Business Standard|date=December 8, 2010|agency=Press Trust of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719221233/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/disney-inks-publishing-distribution-pactindia-today-grp/118608/on|archive-date=19 July 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Cataloguing==

===Story codes===
Starting in the 1970s, as production of new Disney comics stories moved from a mostly-American, centralized publishing model to a group of international publishers sharing work, it became a practice to give each Disney comics story a unique letter-number code that would help identify a single story across languages. (Disney requires all licensees to facilitating international reprinting by providing the reproducible materials at cost.) The code is usually printed at the bottom of the story's first panel, and it consists of one or more letters, representing the publisher or country of origin, followed by a multi-digit number. In some cases, the code ends with another letter.

The main publishers are:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Story code prefix !! Producer
|-
| '''AR''' || [[Another Rainbow Publishing|Another Rainbow]] (United States)
|-
| '''B''' || Abril (Brazil)
|-
| '''D''' || Egmont (Denmark)
|-
| '''E''' || Disney Europe (France)
|-
| '''F''' || Disney-Hachette (France)
|-
| '''G''' || Ehapa (Germany)
|-
| '''H''' || Oberon (Holland) 
|-
| '''I''' || Mondadori, Disney Italy, Panini Comics (Italy)
|-
| '''K''' || Disney Comics (United States)
|-
| '''M''' || [[Marvel Comics]] (United States)<ref>Disney branded content only</ref>
|-
| '''S''' || Disney Studios (United States, for European market)
|-
| '''W''' || Western Publishing (United States)
|}

===Fan databases===
Multiple fan databases exist. Notable examples are [[I.N.D.U.C.K.S.]] and [[Don Markstein's Toonopedia]].

==Notable artists and writers==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
'''Argentina'''
* [[Daniel Branca]] (1951–2005) influential Barks-style artist and studio director
* {{ill|lt=Jaime Diaz|Jaime Diaz (comics)|fi|Jaime Diaz Studio}} (1937–2009) studio director
* {{ill|Wanda Gattino|es}} (b.1969)

'''Belgium'''
* {{ill|Ténas|fr}} (1926–2012) cover artist

'''Brazil'''
* [[Renato Canini]] (1936–2013) [[José Carioca]] artist
* [[J. Carlos|José Carlos]] (1884–1950) created [[José Carioca]]
* {{ill|Verci De Mello|pt}} (b.1958) [[Hard Haid Moe]] artist
* {{ill|Irineu Soares Rodrigues|pt}} (b.1956) artist; worked w/ writers {{ill|Arthur Faria Jr.|pt}}, [[Ivan Saidenberg]], and {{ill|Gérson Teixeira|pt}} (bro: {{ill|lt=Moacir|Moacir Rodrigues Soares|pt}})
* {{ill|Carlos Mota|fi}} (b.1969) Barks-style artist

'''Chile'''
* [[Vicar (cartoonist)|Vicar]] (1934–2012) Barks-style artist/studio director; created [[Princess Oona]] w/ writer [[Stefan Printz-Påhlson]]

'''Denmark'''
* [[Flemming Andersen]] (b.1968) multi-style artist
* [[Freddy Milton]] (b.1948) Barks-style artist/writer; also made Barks-style stories w/ [[Woody Woodpecker]] and his own characters, [[Gnuff]]

'''Egypt'''
* [[Ahmed Hijazi (cartoonist)|Ahmed Hijazi]] (1936–2011) [[Folk art|folk]]-style artist

'''Finland'''
* [[Tuomas Holopainen]] (b.1976) songwriter; wrote and produced the [[Gold album]] ''[[Music Inspired by the Life and Times of Scrooge]]''
* [[Kari Korhonen]] (b.1973) mostly a Barks-style artist
* {{ill|Markku Kivekäs|fi}} (1947–2008) influential Barks translator/[[Conservation and restoration of photographs|restorer]]/essayist/editor

'''France'''
* {{ill|Bernard Cosey|fr|Cosey}} (b.1950) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist/writer (b.Switzerland)
* {{ill|Pierre Nicolas|fr}} (1921–1990) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist and studio director
* [[Régis Loisel]] (b.1951) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist/writer
* [[Claude Marin]] (1931–2001) editorial artist; also drew many {{ill|lt=Disney Babies|Bébés Disney|fr}} comic pages w/ Gen-Clo (b.Algiers) and {{ill|Bélom|fr}}, as well as other stories
* {{ill|Thierry Martin|fr|Thierry Martin (auteur de bande dessinée)}} (born 1966) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist (b.Lebanon)

'''Germany'''
* [[Erika Fuchs]] (1906–2005) [[Carl Barks|Barks]] translator
* {{ill|Jan Gulbransson|de}} (b.1949) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist/writer
* {{ill|Adolf Kabatek|de}} (1931–1997) produced a series of Barks-style [[Scrooge McDuck]] [[graphic novel]]s, ''Tales From Uncle Scrooge's Treasure Chest'' (b.Czech)
* {{ill|Volker Reiche|de}} (b.1944) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist/writer
* {{ill|Ulrich Schröder|de|Ulrich Schröder (Grafiker)}} (b.1964) artist and studio director

'''Italy'''
* [[Giovan Battista Carpi]] (1927–1999) multi-style artist; created [[Paperinik]] w/ writer [[Guido Martina]]
* [[Luciano Bottaro]] (1931–2006) multi-style artist
* {{ill|Casty|it}} (b.1967) [[Romano Scarpa|Scarpa]]-style artist/writer (early scripts drawn by others); created [[Mickey Mouse universe#Eurasia Toft|Eurasia Toft]] and [[Mickey Mouse universe#Charlie Doublejoke|Charlie Doublejoke]]
* [[Giorgio Cavazzano]] (b.1947) artist; developed an abstract style widely adopted in Italy; worked w/ writer {{ill|Rodolfo Cimino|it}}; (cous: {{ill|Luciano Capitanio|it}})
* [[Carlo Chendi]] (1933–2021) writer
* [[Giulio Chierchini]] (1928–2019) multi-style artist
* [[Pier Lorenzo De Vita]] (1909–1990) [[Romano Scarpa|Scarpa]]-style artist (son: {{ill|Massimo De Vita|it|Massimo De Vita (fumettista)|lt=Massimo}})
* {{ill|Enrico Faccini|it}} (b.1962) multi-style artist/writer
* {{ill|Luciano Gatto|it}} (b.1934) multi-style artist
* {{ill|Marco Gervasio|it}} (b.1967) [[Fantomius]] artist/writer
* [[Elisabetta Gnone]] (b.1965) writer/editorial director; created Disney Italia's ''[[W.I.T.C.H.]]'' comics
* [[Corrado Mastantuono]] (b.1962) [[Giorgio Cavazzano|Cavazzano]]-style artist/writer; created [[Bum Bum Ghigno|Boomer Buff]]
* [[Federico Pedrocchi]] (1907–1945) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style early artist/writer (b.Argentina)
* [[Giuseppe Perego]] (1915–1996) multi-style artist; worked w/ writer {{ill|Gian Giacomo Dalmasso|it}}
* {{ill|Giorgio Pezzin|it}} (b.1949) saga writer
* [[Marco Rota]] (b.1942) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist; created [[Andold "Wild Duck" Temerary]] w/ editor {{ill|Guadenzio Capelli|it}}
* {{ill|Bruno Sarda|it}} (b.1954) saga writer
* {{ill|Guido Scala|it}} (1936–2001) [[Romano Scarpa|Scarpa]]-style artist
* [[Romano Scarpa]] (1927–2005) influential [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style/[[Carl Barks|Barks]]-influenced artist; created [[Brigitta MacBridge]], [[Dickie Duck]], [[Gideon McDuck]], [[Kildare Coot]], [[Mickey Mouse universe#Ellroy|Ellroy]], [[Mickey Mouse universe#Trudy Van Tubb|Trudy Van Tubb]] and [[Mickey Mouse universe#Portis|Portis]]
* [[Silvia Ziche]] (b.1967) [[soap opera]] artist/writer

'''Japan'''
* [[Siro Amano]] (b.1976) artist/writer; adapted [[Kingdom Hearts#Printed adaptations|Kingdom Hearts]] video games into [[manga]]
* {{ill|Shiro Shirai|ja|しらいしろう}} (b.1971) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist/writer

'''Netherlands'''
* {{ill|Sander Gulien|nl}} (b.1974) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist
* [[Mau Heymans]] (b.1961) Barks-style artist (bro: {{ill|lt=Bas|Bas Heymans|nl}})
* [[Daan Jippes]] (b.1945) influential Barks-style artist/writer and studio director; popularized the [[replica]]tion of Barks's art style for Disney comics; redrew stories Barks only wrote and several of his unfinished scripts
* {{ill|Frank Jonker|nl}} (b.1965) writer
* {{ill|Wilma Van Den Bosch|fi|Wilma van den Bosch}} (b.1956) [[Daisy Duck]] artist; editorial/cover artist (b.Canada)
* {{ill|Ben Verhagen (comics)|lt=Ben Verhagen|nl}} (b.1949) Barks-style artist

'''Norway'''
* [[Arild Midthun]] (b.1964) – Barks-style artist

'''Spain'''
* [[César Ferioli]] (b.1959) multi-style artist
* {{ill|Gil Bao|es}} (1915–?) multi-style artist
* {{ill|Miquel Pujol i Lozano|lt=Miquel Pujol|ca}} (b.1951) multi-style artist
* {{ill|Paco Rodriguez (comics)|lt=Paco Rodriguez|fi|Paco Rodriguez}} (b.1967) [[Carl Barks|Barks]]-style artist

'''Sweden'''
* [[Tony Cronstam]] (b.1969) Barks-style artist
* [[Per Erik Hedman]] (b.1959) writer
* [[Stefan Printz-Påhlson]] (b.1950) editor/writer; created a time machine series w/ editor/writer Lars Bergström

'''United Kingdom'''
* {{ill|Paul Halas|de}} (b.1949) writer
* {{ill|William Ward (comics)|lt=William Ward|it|William Albert Ward}} (1887–1958) early artist/writer; created the 1st [[Donald Duck]] comic book story

'''United States'''
* [[Pete Alvarado]] (1920–2003) artist; drew stories based on [[List of Walt Disney Animation Studios films|Disney animated films]]
* [[Carl Barks]] (1901–2000) foundational Disney comics artist/writer; lead [[screenwriter]]/[[storyboard artist]] for the early ''[[Donald Duck filmography|Donald Duck]]'' cartoons; developed Donald Duck and created [[Daisy Duck]], [[Huey, Dewey and Louie]], [[Scrooge McDuck]] and the supporting cast of [[Duckburg]], including [[April, May and June Duck|April, May and June]], [[Gyro Gearloose]], the [[Junior Woodchucks]], [[Gladstone Gander]], the [[Beagle Boys]], [[Magica De Spell]], [[Flintheart Glomgold]], [[Goldie O'Gilt|Glittering Goldie]], [[John D. Rockerduck]], [[Neighbor Jones]], [[Gus Goose]], [[Clinton Coot]], the McDuck [[Money Bin]] and the [[character arc]]s and [[story arc]]s of the [[Donald Duck universe|duck 'universe']]
* {{ill|Garé Barks|de}} (1917–1993) [[landscape artist]] who [[Letterer|lettered]] and [[Inker|inked]] backgrounds and solids in Barks's stories; wife of Carl Barks
* [[Jack Bradbury]] (1914–2004) artist
* {{ill|Carl Buettner|it}} (1905–1965) art director; created [[Li'l Bad Wolf]] w/ Dorothy Strebe (see also, [[Gil Turner (animator)|Gil Turner]])
* [[Pinto Colvig]] (1892–1967) actor/artist; created [[Goofy]]
* [[Phil DeLara]] (1914–1973) most prolific [[Chip 'n' Dale]] artist
* [[Walt Disney]] (1901–1966) [[film producer]]; 1st writer for the ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse]]'' comic strip; created [[Sylvester Shyster]] w/ artist [[Floyd Gottfredson]]; co-created some of the original [[Mickey Mouse universe|Mickey Mouse cast]] w/ [[animator]] [[Ub Iwerks]]
* [[Norm Ferguson (animator)|Norm Ferguson]] (1902–1957) [[animator|lead animator]]; developed [[Pluto]], [[Pete (Disney)|Peg-Leg Pete]] and the [[Big Bad Wolf (Disney)|Big Bad Wolf]]
* [[Manuel Gonzales]] (1913–1993) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]] studio artist (b.Spain); created [[Mickey Mouse universe#Ellsworth|Ellsworth]] for the ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse]]'' Sunday pages w/ writer [[Bill Walsh (producer)|Bill Walsh]]
* [[Floyd Gottfredson]] (1905–1986) foundational artist/writer and studio director; most known for drawing and plotting the [[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse comic strip]] and establishing the art style and high standards of the [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]] [[Newspaper comic strip|newspaper comics]]; created [[Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse]]; also, [[Doctor Einmug]], [[Captain Doberman]], [[Gloomy (Disney)|Gloomy]] the [[mechanic]] and [[Eli Squinch]] w/ co-writer [[Ted Osborne]]; and [[Chief O'Hara (Disney Comics)|Chief O'Hara]], [[Detective Casey]] & [[The Phantom Blot]] w/ co-writer [[Merrill De Maris]]
* [[Bob Gregory (comics)|Bob Gregory]] (1921–2003) artist/writer; wrote over a dozen stories that were re-scripted/drawn by [[Carl Barks|Barks]]
* [[Jack Hannah]] (1913–1994) [[animation director]]; co-artist of [[Carl Barks]]' 1st comic art ([[Donald Duck Finds Pirate Gold]]); directed ''[[Donald Duck filmography|Donald Duck]]'' films written by Barks
* {{ill|Al Hubbard (comics)|lt=Al Hubbard|it}} (1913–1984) artist; created [[Fethry Duck]], [[Hard Haid Moe]] and [[0.0. Duck]] w/ writer [[Dick Kinney]]; created [[Belle Duck]] w/ writer (?); created [[The Sleuth (Disney)|The Sleuth]] w/ writer [[Carl Fallberg]] 
* {{ill|Albert Hurter|fr}} (1888–1941) [[designer]] (b.Switzerland); created Donald Duck w/ voice actor [[Clarence Nash]]
* [[Ub Iwerks]] (1901–1971) [[animator|lead animator]]; created Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, [[Horace Horsecollar]] and [[Clarabelle Cow]] w/ [[Film producer|producer]] [[Walt Disney]]; 1st artist for Disney comics and the ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse]]'' comic strip w/ artist {{ill|Win Smith (comics)|lt=Win Smith|sv}} (b.Canada)
* [[Walt Kelly]] (1913–1973) cover artist
* [[Dick Moores]] (1909–1986) ''Mickey Mouse'' artist/writer; [[Brer Rabbit]] artist; created [[Scamp (comics)|Scamp]] w/ [[Ward Greene]]
* [[Paul Murry]] (1911–1989) artist for ''Mickey Mouse'' stories w/ writer [[Carl Fallberg]]; created [[Super Goof]] w/ writer/editorial director {{ill|Del Connell|it}}
* [[Floyd Norman]] (b.1935) writer; re-introduced serialized adventures to the [[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|Mickey Mouse dailies]] (early 1990s)
* [[Don Rosa]] (b.1951) popular artist/writer and [[Scrooge McDuck]] [[chronology|chronologist]]; wrote and drew the [[List of Eisner Award winners#Best Serialized Story|award-winning]] series, [[The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck]]; created sequels to Barks's classic stories
* [[Dan Spiegel]] (1920–2017) drew Disney comics based on [[live-action]] series and films, incl. [[realism (arts)|realist]] settings for ''[[Mickey Mouse (comic book)|Mickey Mouse]]'' stories w/ [[Paul Murry]]
* [[Tony Strobl]] (1915–1991) artist; created [[Moby Duck (Disney)|Moby Duck]] w/ writer [[Vic Lockman]]
* [[Al Taliaferro]] (1905–1969) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist for the [[Donald Duck (comic strip)|''Donald Duck'' comic strip]]; created [[Grandma Duck]] w/ writer [[Bob Karp]]; proposed idea for the film [[Donald's Nephews]], leading to the creation of [[Huey, Dewey and Louie]]; 1st to draw [[Donald Duck in comics|Donald Duck in the comics]]; created [[Bucky Bug]] w/ artist/writer [[Earl Duvall]]
* [[Alex Toth]] (1928–2006) [[Zorro#Comics|Zorro]] artist
* [[William Van Horn]] (b.1939) Barks-style artist/writer; influenced by [[George Herriman]] (son: [[Noel Van Horn|Noel]])
* [[Bill Walsh (producer)|Bill Walsh]] (1913–1975) writer for the [[Mickey Mouse (comic strip)|''Mickey Mouse'' comic strip]] in the 1940s; created [[Eega Beeva]] and the [[Mickey Mouse universe#The Rhyming Man|Rhyming Man]] w/ artist [[Floyd Gottfredson]]
* {{ill|Bill Wright (comics)|lt=Bill Wright|it|Bill Wright (animatore)}} (1917–1984) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]] studio artist; [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style [[comic book]] artist
* [[David Gerstein]] (b.1974) writer for [[The Egmont Group|Egmont]]; editor/translator
* [[Dick Kinney]] (1916–1985) writer of Studio stories
* [[John Lustig]] (b.1953) writer for Egmont; completed unfinished scripts by Carl Barks
* {{ill|Pat McGreal|fi}} (1953–2021) writer for Egmont w/ wife {{ill|lt=Carol|Carol McGreal|fi}}
* [[Jerry Siegel]] (1914–1996) writer for [[Mondadori]]

'''Yugoslavia'''
* {{ill|Vlastimir Belkić|sr}} (1896–1946) [[Floyd Gottfredson|Gottfredson]]-style artist
{{div col end}}

==See also==
*[[List of Disney comics by Carl Barks]]
*[[List of Disney comics by Don Rosa]]
*''[[How to Read Donald Duck]]'' – a 1971 critique of Disney comics as capitalist propaganda
*{{annotated link|Flipism}}

==References==
{{reflist|35em}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* Frank Reilly, "The Walt Disney Comic Strips," ''Cartoonist PROfiles'' #1 (Winter 1969), pp.&nbsp;14–18; an early article.
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [https://inducks.org/ I.N.D.U.C.K.S.], the Disney comics database
* [https://www.lambiek.net/comics/disneyartists.htm Disney comic artists in the Comiclopedia] 
* [http://www.wolfstad.com/dcw/ Disney Comics Worldwide]
* [http://www.mouseplanet.com/articles.php?art=ww090114ws Overview of Disney Christmas strips]

{{Disney comics}}
{{DisneyConsumer}}

[[Category:Disney comics| ]]