View source for Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)

{{short description|Animated film by Walt Disney}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox film 
| name           = Alice in Wonderland
| image          = Alice in Wonderland (1951 film) poster.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ben Sharpsteen]]
* [[Clyde Geronimi]]
* [[Wilfred Jackson]]
* [[Hamilton Luske]]}}
| story          = {{Plainlist|
* [[Winston Hibler]]
* [[Ted Sears]]
* [[Bill Peet]]
* [[Erdman Penner]]
* Joe Rinaldi
* Milt Banta
* Bill Cottrell
* [[Dick Kelsey]]
* [[Joe Grant]]
* [[Dick Huemer]]
* Del Connell
* Tom Oreb
* John Walbridge}}
| based_on       = {{Based on|''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]]'' and ''[[Through the Looking-Glass]]''|[[Lewis Carroll]]}}
| producer       = [[Walt Disney]]
| starring       = {{Plainlist|<!--Per poster-->
* [[Ed Wynn]]
* [[Richard Haydn]]
* [[Sterling Holloway]]
* [[Jerry Colonna (entertainer)|Jerry Colonna]]
* [[Kathryn Beaumont]]}}
| editing        = Lloyd Richardson
| music          = [[Oliver Wallace]]
| studio         = [[Walt Disney Productions]]
| distributor    = [[RKO Radio Pictures]]
| released       = {{Film date|1951|07|26|London|1951|07|28|New York City|ref1=<ref name=AFI>{{cite web|url=https://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=50010|title=Alice in Wonderland: Detail View|publisher=American Film Institute|access-date=May 18, 2014}}</ref>|ref2=<ref name=AFI />}}{{Film date|1951|09|14|United States}}
| runtime        = 75 minutes
| country        = United States<!--Don't add "United Kingdom" (see talk page).-->
| language       = English
| budget         = $3 million{{sfn|Barrier|2007|page=230}}
| gross          = {{Plainlist|
* $2.4 million (1951, domestic)
* $3.5 million (1974, domestic)
}}
}}
'''''Alice in Wonderland''''' is a 1951 <!-- Don't add "British-" (see talk page). Despite being set in British, the film was produced and developed by American studio.-->American animated [[Musical film|musical]] [[Fantasy film|fantasy]] [[comedy film]] produced by [[Walt Disney Productions]] and released by [[RKO Radio Pictures]]. It is based on [[Lewis Carroll]]'s 1865 novel ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]]'' and its 1871 sequel ''[[Through the Looking-Glass]]''. The production was supervised by [[Ben Sharpsteen]], and was directed by [[Clyde Geronimi]], [[Wilfred Jackson]], and [[Hamilton Luske]]. With the voices of [[Ed Wynn]], [[Richard Haydn]], [[Sterling Holloway]], [[Jerry Colonna (entertainer)|Jerry Colonna]] and [[Kathryn Beaumont]] in her film debut, the film follows a young girl, [[Portrayals of Alice in Wonderland#Disney|Alice]], who falls down a rabbit hole and enters a nonsensical world, [[Wonderland (fictional country)|Wonderland]], which is ruled by the [[Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Queen of Hearts]], while encountering strange creatures, including the [[Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Mad Hatter]] and the [[Cheshire Cat]].

[[Walt Disney]] was supposed to make his first film ''Alice'' which was supposed to star [[Mary Pickford]] as Alice, but he chose not to do the film  and instead did ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'' (1937). However, the idea was eventually revived in the 1940s, following the success of ''Snow White''. The film was originally intended to be a [[live-action/animated film]], but Disney decided it would be a fully animated feature film. During its production, many sequences adapted from Carroll's books were later omitted, such as [[Jabberwocky]], the [[White Knight (Through the Looking-Glass)|White Knight]], the [[Duchess (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Duchess]], [[Mock Turtle]] and the [[Gryphon (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Gryphon]].

''Alice in Wonderland'' premiered at the [[Leicester Square Theatre]] in London on July 26, 1951, and was released in New York City on July 28. The film was also shown on television as one of the first episodes of ''[[Walt Disney anthology television series|Disneyland]]''. It was initially considered a [[box-office bomb]], grossing $2.4 million domestically and received generally negative reviews from critics. However, its 1974 re-release in theaters proved to be much more successful, leading to subsequent re-releases, merchandising and home video releases; it has been more positively reviewed over the years, being regarded as one of Disney's best animated films today.

==Plot==
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In a park in [[England]], a young girl named [[Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Alice]] with her cat, Dinah, listens distractedly to her sister's history lesson, and begins daydreaming of a nonsensical world. She spots a passing [[White Rabbit]] in a waistcoat, who panics of being late. Alice follows him into a burrow and plummets down a deep rabbit hole. Upon landing in a place called [[Wonderland (fictional country)|Wonderland]], she finds herself facing a tiny door, whose handle advises drinking from a bottle on a nearby table. She [[Resizing (fiction)|shrinks to an appropriate height]], but has forgotten the key on the table. She then eats a cookie that causes her to grow excessively. Exasperated by these changes of state, she begins to cry and floods the room with her tears. She takes another sip from the bottle to shrink again, and rides the empty bottle through the keyhole. As Alice continues to follow the Rabbit after encountering a "Caucus Race", she encounters numerous characters, including [[Tweedledum and Tweedledee]], who recount the tale of "[[The Walrus and the Carpenter]]". Alice tracks the Rabbit to his house; he mistakes her for his housemaid, "Mary Ann", and sends her inside to retrieve his gloves. While searching for the gloves, Alice finds and eats another cookie and grows giant, getting stuck in the house. Thinking her a monster, the Rabbit asks the [[Dodo (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Dodo]] to help expel her. When the Dodo decides to burn the house down, Alice escapes by eating a carrot from the Rabbit's garden, which causes her to shrink to three inches tall.

Continuing to follow the Rabbit, Alice meets a garden of talking flowers who initially welcome her with [[All in the Golden Afternoon|a song]], but then banish her, believing that humans are a type of weed. Alice then encounters a [[Caterpillar (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Caterpillar]] smoking, who becomes enraged at Alice after she laments her small size (which is the same as the Caterpillar's), after which the Caterpillar turns into a butterfly and flies away. Before leaving, the Caterpillar advises Alice to eat a piece from different sides of a mushroom to alter her size. Following a period of trial and error, she returns to her original height and keeps the remaining pieces in her pocket. In the woods, Alice gets stuck between multiple paths and encounters the mischievous [[Cheshire Cat]], who suggests questioning the [[The Hatter|Mad Hatter]] or the [[March Hare]] to learn the Rabbit's location, but is unhelpful in giving directions. Taking her own path, Alice encounters both, along with the [[The Dormouse|Dormouse]], in the midst of an "[[unbirthday]]" tea party celebration. The Hatter and the Hare ask Alice to explain her predicament, to which Alice tries, but becomes frustrated by their interruptions and absurd logic. As she prepares to leave, the Rabbit appears and the Hatter attempts to repair his [[pocket watch]], which results in its destruction. Alice attempts to follow the Rabbit after he is ejected from the premises, but decides to go home instead. Unfortunately, her surroundings completely change, leaving her lost in the forest and she begins to cry along with many forest creatures, which vanish.

The Cheshire Cat reappears to the despondent Alice and offers a path to the hot-headed [[Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Queen of Hearts]], the only one in Wonderland who can take her home. In the Queen's labyrinthine garden, Alice witnesses the Queen – whom the Rabbit serves as a [[Chamberlain (office)|chamberlain]] – sentencing a trio of playing cards to beheading for painting mistakenly-planted white rosebushes red. The Queen invites a reluctant Alice to play against her in a [[croquet]] match, in which live flamingos, card guards, and hedgehogs are used as equipment. The equipment rig the game in favor of the Queen. The Cat appears again and plays a trick on the Queen, setting up Alice to be framed. Before the Queen can sentence her to execution, the [[King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|King]] suggests a formal trial. At Alice's trial, the Cat invokes more chaos by having Alice point him out, causing one of the witnesses – the Dormouse – to panic. As the Queen sentences Alice to execution, Alice eats the mushroom pieces to grow large, momentarily intimidating the court. However, the mushroom's effect is short-lived, forcing Alice to flee through the deteriorating realm with a large crowd in pursuit. When Alice reaches the small door she encountered, she sees herself sleeping through the keyhole. Alice emerges from her dream and returns home for tea with her sister.

==Voice cast==
[[File:Alice in wonderland 1951.jpg|thumb|right|Alice as shown in the film's trailer.]]
<!-- Order per end credits -->
* [[Kathryn Beaumont]] as [[Alice (Disney)|Alice]],<ref name="KathrynBeaumontD23">{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/kathryn-beaumont/|title=Kathryn Beaumont|publisher=Walt Disney Archives|website=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730091044/https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/kathryn-beaumont/|archive-date=July 30, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> a curious and imaginative girl who gets tired of the ordinary world and dreams of living in her own nonsensical world.<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Dave|url=http://disney.go.com/vault/archives/characters/alicewonderland/alicewonderland.html|title=Alice in Wonderland Character History|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401004517/http://disney.go.com/vault/archives/characters/alicewonderland/alicewonderland.html|work=Disney Archives|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-date=April 1, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Ed Wynn]] as [[Hatter (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)#Disney|Mad Hatter]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/mickeys-follies-walts-distribution-deals-defeats-and-decisions|last1=Fahr|first1=Tyler|last2=Seastrom|first2=Lucas O.|title=Celebrating Ed Wynn: Walt Disney's Partner in Laughter|publisher=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=January 19, 2017|access-date=November 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820170153/https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/celebrating-ed-wynn-walt-disneys-partner-laughter|archive-date=August 20, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Richard Haydn]] as [[Caterpillar (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)#Disney film|Caterpillar]]
* [[Sterling Holloway]] as [[Cheshire Cat#Cultural uses|Cheshire Cat]]<ref name="AliceInWonderlandMovieHistory">{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Dave|url=http://disney.go.com/vault/archives/movies/alice/alice.html|title=Alice in Wonderland Movie History|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401012347/http://disney.go.com/vault/archives/movies/alice/alice.html|work=Disney Archives|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-date=April 1, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Jerry Colonna (entertainer)|Jerry Colonna]] as [[March Hare#Disney Animated Film|March Hare]]<ref name="AliceInWonderlandMovieHistory" />
* [[Verna Felton]] as [[Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)#Disney|Queen of Hearts]]<ref name="AliceInWonderlandMovieHistory" />
* [[J. Pat O'Malley]] as [[Tweedledum and Tweedledee#Disney|Tweedledum and Tweedledee]]<ref name="OMalleyDies">{{cite news|title=Veteran Film-TV Actor J. Pat O'Malley Dies|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-03-01-me-23686-story.html|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=March 1, 1985|access-date=November 7, 2023|url-access=limited|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030221026/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-03-01-me-23686-story.html|archive-date=October 30, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
** O'Malley also voiced [[The Walrus and the Carpenter|Walrus and Carpenter]].<ref name="OMalleyDies" />
* [[Bill Thompson (voice actor)|Bill Thompson]] as [[White Rabbit#Disney|White Rabbit]]<ref name="AliceInWonderlandMovieHistory" />
** Thompson also voiced [[Dodo (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)#Disney animated film version|Dodo]].
* [[Heather Angel (actress)|Heather Angel]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Alice's sister|Alice's Sister]]
* [[Joseph Kearns]] as Doorknob
* [[Larry Grey]] as [[Bill the Lizard]]
* [[Queenie Leonard]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series|Bird in the Tree]]/[[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Talking Flowers|Snooty Iris]]
* [[Dink Trout]] as [[King of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)#Disney version|King of Hearts]]
* [[Doris Lloyd]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Talking Flowers|The Rose]]
* [[Jimmy MacDonald (sound effects artist)|Jimmy MacDonald]] as [[The Dormouse#Disney version|Dormouse]]/Flamingo
* [[The Mellomen]] ([[Thurl Ravenscroft]], [[Bill Lee (singer)|Bill Lee]], [[The Mellomen|Max Smith]] and [[The Mellomen|Bob Hamlin]]) as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#The Playing Cards|The Card Painters]]
* [[Don Barclay (actor)|Don Barclay]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series|The Card Soldiers]]
* [[Lucille Bliss]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Talking Flowers|The Lazy Daisies/The Tulips]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://voicechasers.com/database/showprod.php?prodid=56 |title=Voice Chasers |access-date=August 10, 2020 |archive-date=May 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524172632/http://voicechasers.com/database/showprod.php?prodid=56 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Pinto Colvig]] as The Flamingos
* Jimmy and Tommy Luske as The Young Pansies
* [[Marni Nixon]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Talking Flowers|The Singing Flowers]]
* [[Norma Zimmer]] as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Talking Flowers|White Rose]]
* [[Erdman Penner]] as The Eagle
* Ken Beaumont as [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#The Playing Cards|Card Painter]]<ref name="CartoonVoices">{{cite book |last1=Scott |first1=Keith |title=Cartoon Voices of the Golden Age, Vol. 2 |date=3 October 2022 |pages=316–317 |publisher=BearManor Media |language=en}}</ref>
<!-- Order per end credits -->

== Directing animators ==
Directing animators are:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://afilmla.blogspot.com/search/label/Alice?updated-max=2007-11-28T02:00:00-08:00&max-results=20&start=17&by-date=false|title=A. Film L.A.}}</ref>
* [[Marc Davis (animator)|Marc Davis]] (Alice and the eyeglasses creature)
* [[Milt Kahl]] (The Dodo, Alice, Flamingo, Hedgehog, White Rabbit)
* [[Eric Larson]] (Alice, Dinah, Caterpillar, Cheshire Cat, Queen of Hearts, Flamingo)
* [[Frank Thomas (animator)|Frank Thomas]] (Doorknob, Queen of Hearts, Wonderland Creatures)
* [[Ollie Johnston]] (Alice, King of Hearts)
* [[Ward Kimball]] (Tweedledee and Tweedledum, The Walrus and The Carpenter, Oysters, Cheshire Cat, Mad Hatter, March Hare, Dormouse)
* [[John Lounsbery]] (Flowers, Caterpillar, Cheshire Cat, Mad Hatter, March Hare, Wonderland creatures)
* [[Wolfgang Reitherman]] (White Rabbit, The Carpenter, The Dodo, Mad Hatter, March Hare)
* [[Les Clark]] (Alice, Wonderland creatures)
* [[Norm Ferguson (animator)|Norm Ferguson]] (The Walrus and The Carpenter)

==Production==
===Early development===
[[Walt Disney]] was familiar with [[Lewis Carroll]]'s ''Alice'' books, ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]]'' (1865) and ''[[Through the Looking-Glass]]'' (1871), having read them as a schoolboy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/walt-disney-in-23-books-chapter-one-a-blank-sheet-of-paper/|title=Walt Disney in 23 Books Chapter One: A Blank Sheet of Paper|website=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029100056/https://d23.com/walt-disney-in-23-books-chapter-one-a-blank-sheet-of-paper/|archive-date=October 29, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1923, while working at the [[Laugh-O-Gram Studio]] in Kansas City, he produced a [[Short film|short]] film titled ''[[Alice's Wonderland]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/mickeys-follies-walts-distribution-deals-defeats-and-decisions|last=Mullen|first=Chris|title=Mickey's Follies: Walt's Distribution Deals, Defeats, and Decisions|publisher=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=February 19, 2017|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803095226/https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/mickeys-follies-walts-distribution-deals-defeats-and-decisions|archive-date=August 3, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> which was loosely inspired by the ''Alice'' books and featured a live-action girl ([[Virginia Davis]]) interacting with an animated world.<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice">{{cite AV media notes|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZhzmYFc4dI|title=Reflections on Alice|type=Documentary film|location=''Alice in Wonderland'' Special Un-Anniversary Edition DVD|publisher=[[Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment]]|year=2010|via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> Faced with business problems, the Laugh-O-Gram Studio went bankrupt in July of that year,<ref name="WaltGoesWest">{{cite web|url=https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/100-years-ago-walt-goes-west|last=Seastrom|first=Lucas O.|title=100 Years Ago: Walt Goes West|publisher=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=August 15, 2023|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023055557/https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/100-years-ago-walt-goes-west|archive-date=October 23, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> and the film was never released to the general public.<ref>{{cite web|last=Buhlman|first=Jocelyn|url=https://d23.com/d23-video/watch-alices-wonderland-to-celebrate-95-years-of-walt-disneys-alice-comedies/|title=Watch ''Alice's Wonderland'' to Celebrate 95 Years of Walt Disney's Alice Comedies|website=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|date=March 1, 2019|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519070916/https://d23.com/d23-video/watch-alices-wonderland-to-celebrate-95-years-of-walt-disneys-alice-comedies/|archive-date=May 19, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> However, when Disney left for Hollywood, he used ''Alice's Wonderland'' to show to potential distributors.{{sfn|Barrier|1999|page=39}} By October 1923, [[Margaret J. Winkler]] of [[Screen Gems|Winkler Pictures]] agreed to distribute the ''[[Alice Comedies]]'' series, and Disney partnered with his older brother [[Roy O. Disney|Roy]] to form the [[Walt Disney Animation Studios|Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio]], which was later re-branded Walt Disney Productions;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/margaret-winkler-first-female-film-distributor|last=Bertolaccini|first=Bri|title=Margaret Winkler: First Female Film Distributor|publisher=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=March 23, 2023|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022000112/https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/margaret-winkler-first-female-film-distributor|archive-date=October 22, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> he also re-hired his Kansas City co-workers, including [[Ub Iwerks]], [[Rudolph Ising]], [[Friz Freleng]], Walker and [[Hugh Harman]], to work on the series.<ref name="HollywoodCartoonland">{{cite web|url=https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/hollywood-cartoonland-walt-disneys-alice-comedies|last=Seastrom|first=Lucas O.|title=Hollywood Cartoonland: Walt Disney's Alice Comedies|publisher=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=June 25, 2019|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609174313/https://www.waltdisney.org/blog/hollywood-cartoonland-walt-disneys-alice-comedies|archive-date=June 9, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Alice Comedies'' began in 1924 before being retired in 1927.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/alicecomedies/index.html|title=The "Alice Comedies"|website=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028011126/http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/alicecomedies/index.html|archive-date=October 28, 2008|access-date=October 29, 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref>

By June 1932, Roy Disney was first interested in acquiring the film rights to the ''Alice'' books, which, as he learned, were in the [[public domain]].{{sfn|Gabler|2006|page=215}} In March 1933,<ref>{{cite news|date=March 31, 1933|title=MARY PICKFORD BACK FROM EUROPE; Proposes to Appear in "Alice in Wonderland", Animated by Walt Disney. WOULD OFFER 'PETER PAN' Star Says Public Is Tired of Sex and Gangster Films and Is Ready for Change|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1933/03/31/archives/mary-pickford-back-from-europe-proposes-to-appear-in-alice-in.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=22|access-date=October 29, 2023|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811003512/https://www.nytimes.com/1933/03/31/archives/mary-pickford-back-from-europe-proposes-to-appear-in-alice-in.html|archive-date=August 11, 2023}}</ref> [[Mary Pickford]] approached Walt with a proposal for a feature-length adaptation of ''Alice in Wonderland'', which would combine Pickford's live-action performance of the title role with an animated Wonderland supplied by the Disney studio.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mouseplanet.com/9308/The_Disney_Alice_in_Wonderlands_That_Never_Were_|title=The Disney Alice in Wonderlands That Never Were|last=Sampson|first=Wade|date=June 30, 2010|website=MousePlanet|access-date=October 29, 2023}}</ref> Disney was hesitant about the idea,<ref>{{cite web|last=Vagnini|first=Steven|url=https://d23.com/5-rare-photos-reveal-secrets-from-walt-disneys-alice-in-wonderland/|title=5 Rare Photos Reveal Secrets from Walt Disney's ''Alice in Wonderland''|website=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|date=July 26, 2016|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627023358/https://d23.com/5-rare-photos-reveal-secrets-from-walt-disneys-alice-in-wonderland/|archive-date=June 27, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> and the project was quickly scrapped, after [[Paramount Pictures]] secured the film rights for their own [[Alice in Wonderland (1933 film)|live-action version]].{{sfn|Gabler|2006|page=215}} In 1936, Disney produced the ''[[Mickey Mouse (film series)|Mickey Mouse]]'' short film ''[[Thru the Mirror]]'', which was based on Carroll's second ''Alice'' novel, ''Through the Looking-Glass'', featuring [[Mickey Mouse]] going through a mirror into a world where all the items in his house become alive.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/a-to-z/thru-the-mirror-film/|title=Thru the Mirror (film)|website=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|access-date=October 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725100919/https://d23.com/a-to-z/thru-the-mirror-film/|archive-date=July 25, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:David Hall Alice in Wonderland 1939 Concept Artwork.jpg|thumb|left|[[David S. Hall (art director)|David Hall]] created over four hundred paintings and story sketches for the 1939 version of the film.{{sfn|Allan|1999|page=212}}]]
After the enormous success of his first full-length animated feature ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'' (1937),{{sfn|Allan|1999|page=212}} Disney acquired the film rights to the ''Alice'' books with [[John Tenniel]]'s illustrations from the [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Company]] by May 1938<ref>{{cite news|date=May 20, 1938|title=DISNEY PLANS TO FILM 'ALICE IN WONDERLAND'; Buys Rights to Lewis Carroll Book for Animated Picture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/05/20/archives/disney-plans-to-film-alice-in-wonderland-buys-rights-to-lewis.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=16|access-date=November 8, 2023|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104003228/https://www.nytimes.com/1938/05/20/archives/disney-plans-to-film-alice-in-wonderland-buys-rights-to-lewis.html|archive-date=January 4, 2022}}</ref>{{efn|David Koenig, on the other hand, indicates that Disney purchased the rights to Tenniel's illustrations as early as in 1931.{{sfn|Koenig|1997|page=81}}}} and officially registered the title with the [[Motion Picture Association of America]].{{sfn|Koenig|1997|page=81}} He then hired storyboard artist Al Perkins to develop the story;<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole">{{cite AV media notes|title=Through the Keyhole: A Companion's Guide to Alice in Wonderland|location=''Alice in Wonderland'' 60th Anniversary Edition Blu-Ray|type=Bonus feature|publisher=[[Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment]]|year=2011}}</ref> on September 6, 1938, Perkins compiled a detailed 161-page "analysis" of Carroll's book, which included preliminary ideas of the story treatment and summarized descriptions for each scene.{{sfn|Barrier|2007|page=147-148}} On March 1, 1939, British illustrator [[David S. Hall (art director)|David Hall]] joined the Disney studio and was immediately assigned to create the concept artwork for the film.{{sfn|Ghez|2016|page=170}} A [[leica reel]], featuring Hall's paintings,<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice"/> was completed on September 20, 1939,{{sfn|Barrier|2007|page=148}} but Disney was not pleased; he felt that Hall's drawings resembled Tenniel's illustrations too closely, making them too difficult to animate, and that the overall tone of Perkins' script was too grotesque and dark.<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole" /> Disney also expressed a bit of disinterest in the project,{{sfn|Allan|1999|page=214}} stating that "there would be any harm in letting this thing sit for a while. Everyone is stale now. You'll look at it again and maybe have another idea on it. That's the way it works for me. I still feel that we can stick close to ''Alice in Wonderland'' and make it look like it and feel like it, you know".<ref name="AliceNeverMade">{{cite web|last=Korkis|first=Jim|url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-disney-alice-in-wonderland-never-made/|title=The Disney "Alice in Wonderland" Never Made|website=Cartoon Research|date=July 24, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328142126/https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-disney-alice-in-wonderland-never-made/|archive-date=March 28, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> By February 1940, the project was still in the development, albeit slowly,{{sfn|Barrier|1999|page=269}} with an additional story meeting held on April 2 of that year.{{sfn|Barrier|2007|page=179}} After finishing his work on ''[[Fantasia (1940 film)|Fantasia]]'', concept artist Gordon Legg created new inspirational sketches for the film, but eventually left the studio the following year.{{sfn|Allan|1999|page=171}} By the fall of 1940, the animation work on ''Alice in Wonderland'' was planned to be completed within the next two years,<ref>{{cite news|last=Harrisen|first=Paul|date=October 2, 1940|title=Disney Sets 7 Pictures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KOFRAAAAIBAJ&dq=wind+in+the+willows+disney&pg=PA8&article_id=5986,505327|work=[[The Vindicator (Ohio newspaper)|The Vindicator]]|access-date=November 12, 2023|via=[[Google News Archive]]|page=10}}</ref> but Disney himself was rather unenthusiastic about the project.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 5, 1940|title=WALT DISNEY NOW HAS 6 PRODUCTIONS 34 SHORTS, ON THE FIRE ALL AT ONCE|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T8E0AAAAIBAJ&dq=alice+in+wonderland+disney&pg=PA4&article_id=933,5168202|work=[[The Lewiston Daily Sun]]|access-date=October 15, 2023|via=[[Google News Archive]]|page=4}}</ref>

Disney brought up ''Alice in Wonderland'' again at a meeting on April 8, 1941,{{sfn|Bloom|2003|page=197}} offering to produce it as an animated film starring a live-action actress,{{sfn|Allan|1999|page=214}} similar to his earlier ''Alice Comedies'' series;{{sfn|Gabler|2006|page=432}} at the same meeting, [[Gloria Jean]] was suggested for the role of Alice.<ref name="AliceNeverMade" />
In October of that year, given the box-office underperformance of ''[[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]]'' (1940) and ''Fantasia'' (1940), as well as the [[World War II]] cutting off the foreign cinema market,<ref>{{cite web|last=Solomon|first=Charles|url=http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/studioatwar/index.html|title=The Disney Studio at War|website=[[Walt Disney Family Museum]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028031741/http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/studioatwar/index.html|archive-date=October 28, 2008|access-date=November 12, 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Joseph Rosenberg]] of [[Bank of America (1904–1998)|Bank of America]] issued an ultimatum, ordering Disney to restrict himself to producing animated shorts and to finish features already in production; no other feature film would begin work until they had been released and earned back their costs.{{sfn|Gabler|2006|page=376}} In response, the production of ''Alice in Wonderland'' was heavily scaled back and eventually shelved.<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice"/>{{efn|Steven Watts, however, indicates that ''Alice in Wonderland'' was put on hold as early as in June 1941.{{sfn|Watts|2001|page=259}}}}

===Return to production===
Disney first attempted to revive ''Alice in Wonderland'' in mid-1943; new storyboards were developed throughout much of that year, but the project did not move forward.{{sfn|Barrier|1999|pages=372-373}} [[Ginger Rogers]] was briefly considered to portray the role of Alice on a [[Live-action animated film|live-action/animated]] feature, but she only voiced the character for a record album of the story which was released by [[Decca Records]] on October 21, 1944.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ehrbar|first=Greg|url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-disney-alice-that-never-was-except-on-records/|title=The Disney "Alice" That Never Was… Except on Records|website=Cartoon Research|date=September 4, 2018|access-date=April 8, 2024}}</ref> In the fall of 1945,{{sfn|Barrier|1999|page=392}} Disney hired British author [[Aldous Huxley]] to work on a [[Live-action animated film|live-action/animated]] feature, titled ''Alice and the Mysterious Mr. Carroll'', which would revolve around Lewis Carroll and [[Alice Liddell]] (who was the inspiration for [[Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Alice]]).{{sfn|Bloom|2003|page=195}} Huxley delivered a fourteen-page treatment on November 23, 1945, followed by the first draft of the script, written on December 5 of that year.<ref name="HuxleysVersion">{{cite web|last=Korkis|first=Jim|url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/aldous-huxleys-version-of-the-disney-alice/|title=Aldous Huxley's Version of the Disney "Alice"|website=Cartoon Research|date=October 9, 2020|access-date=November 12, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506165111/https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/aldous-huxleys-version-of-the-disney-alice/|archive-date=May 6, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> He devised a story in which Carroll and Liddell were misunderstood and persecuted following the publication of ''Alice in Wonderland'', while stage actress [[Ellen Terry]] was sympathetic to both Carroll and Liddell, and [[Queen Victoria]] served as the [[deus ex machina]], validating Carroll due to her appreciation for the book.{{sfn|Barrier|1999|p=392}} Disney considered child actress [[Margaret O'Brien]] for the title role,{{sfn|Gabler|2006|p=459}} but felt that Huxley's version was too literal an adaptation of Carroll's book.<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice"/> [[Background artist]] [[Mary Blair]] submitted some concept drawings for ''Alice in Wonderland''. Blair's paintings moved away from Tenniel's detailed illustrations by taking a [[Modernism|modernist]] stance, using bold and unreal colors. Walt liked Blair's designs, and the script was re-written to focus on comedy, music, and the whimsical side of Carroll's books.<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice"/> [[Lisa Davis (actress)|Lisa Davis]] (who later voiced Anita Radcliffe in ''[[One Hundred and One Dalmatians]]'') and [[Luana Patten]] were also considered for the role of Alice.<ref name="ReflectionsOnAlice"/><ref>{{cite interview|last=Braun|first=Amy|url=https://www.dvdizzy.com/lisadavis-interview.html|title=UltimateDisney.com's Interview with Lisa Davis, the voice and model for 101 Dalmatians' Anita Radcliffe|publisher=DVDizzy|date=March 4, 2008}}</ref>

However, Disney soon realized that he could only do justice to the book by making an all-animated feature and, in 1946, work began on ''Alice in Wonderland''.<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole"/> With the film tentatively scheduled for release in 1950,{{sfn|Barrier|1999|p=394}} animation crews on ''Alice in Wonderland'' and ''[[Cinderella (1950 film)|Cinderella]]'' effectively competed against each other to see which film would finish first.{{sfn|Gabler|2006|p=459}} By early 1948, ''Cinderella'' had progressed further than ''Alice in Wonderland''.{{sfn|Barrier|1999|p=398}}

A legal dispute with [[Dallas Bower]]'s [[Alice in Wonderland (1949 film)|1949 film version]] was also under way.<ref>[https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-disney-alice-that-never-was-except-on-records/ The Disney "Alice" That Never Was...Except on Records|Cartoon Research]</ref><ref>[http://sensesofcinema.com/2018/alice-in-wonderland/lou-bunins-alice-wonderland/ Senses of Cinema]</ref> Disney sued to prevent release of the British version in the U.S., and the case was extensively covered in [[Time (magazine)|''Time'' magazine]].<ref name="Time">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889135,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100328183004/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,889135,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 28, 2010|title=Cinema: Battle of Wonderland|date=16 July 1951|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=29 September 2009}}</ref> The company that released the British version accused Disney of trying to exploit their film by releasing its version at virtually the same time.<ref name="Time" />

===Writing===
The first story meetings on ''Alice in Wonderland'' were held as early as in December 1938.{{sfn|Barrier|2007|page=148}} Through various drafts of the script, many sequences that were present in Carroll's book drifted in and out of the story. However, Disney insisted that the scenes themselves keep close to those in the novel since most of its humor is in the writing.<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole"/>

One [[Deleted scene|omitted scene]] from the 1939 treatment of the film occurred outside the [[Duchess (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Duchess]]' manor, where the [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Fish Footman|Fish Footman]] is giving a message to the [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#Frog Footman|Frog Footman]] to take to the Duchess, saying that she is invited to play croquet with the Queen of Hearts. Alice overhears this and sneaks into the kitchen of the manor, where she finds [[List of minor characters in the Alice series#The Duchess's Cook|the Duchess' Cook]] maniacally cooking and the Duchess nursing her baby. The cook is spraying pepper all over the room, causing the Duchess and Alice to sneeze and the baby to cry. After a quick conversation between Alice and the Duchess, the hot-tempered Cook starts throwing pots and pans at the noisy baby. Alice rescues the baby, but as she leaves the house the baby turns into a pig and runs away.<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Alice in Wonderland: 60th Anniversary Edition - Deleted Scene: "The Pig and Pepper"|publisher=Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment|year=2011|type=Blu-Ray}}</ref> The scene was scrapped for pacing reasons.

[[File:Alice_in_Wonderland_(1951)_-_The_Walrus_and_the_Carpenter.png|right|thumb|200px|The Walrus and the Carpenter as seen in the film's trailer]]
Another scene that was deleted from a later draft occurred in Tulgey Wood, where Alice encountered what appeared to be a sinister-looking [[Jabberwocky]] hiding in the dark, before revealing himself as a comical-looking dragon-like beast with bells and factory whistles on his head. A song, "Beware the Jabberwock", was also written, but the scene was scrapped in favor of ''The Walrus and the Carpenter'' poem.<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole"/> Out of a desire to keep the Jabberwocky poem in the film, it was made to replace an original song for the Cheshire Cat, "I'm Odd".

Another deleted scene in Tulgey Wood shows Alice consulting with [[White Knight (Through the Looking-Glass)|The White Knight]], who was meant to be somewhat a caricature of Walt Disney. Although Disney liked the scene, he felt it was better if Alice learned her lesson by herself, hence the song "Very Good Advice". The Trial scene at the end of the film was edited with Alice being accused of teasing the Queen during a game of croquet rather than the [[Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Knave of Hearts]] being accused for stealing tarts the Queen made.<ref name="ThroughtheKeyhole"/>

Other characters, such as [[Mock Turtle]] and the [[Gryphon (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Gryphon]] were discarded for pacing reasons, though they would later appear alongside Alice in some commercials.

== Music ==
In an effort to retain some of Carroll's imaginative poems, Disney commissioned top songwriters to compose songs built around them for use in the film. Over 30 potential songs were written, and many of them were included in the film—some for only a few seconds—the greatest number of songs of any Disney film. In 1939, [[Frank Churchill]] was assigned to compose songs, and they were accompanied by a story reel featuring artwork from David S. Hall. Although none of his songs were used in the finished film, the melody for "Lobster Quadrille" was used for the song "[[Never Smile at a Crocodile]]" in ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'' which came out two years after film's release. When work on ''Alice'' resumed in 1946, [[Tin Pan Alley]] songwriters [[Mack David]], [[Al Hoffman]] and [[Jerry Livingston]] began composing songs for it after working on ''[[Cinderella (1950 film)|Cinderella]]''. However, the only song by the trio that made it into the film was "The Unbirthday Song".<ref name="Bohn">{{cite book|last=Bohn|first=James|title=Music In Disney's Animated Features: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs to The Jungle Book|chapter=Alice in Wonderland and Peter Pan|publisher=[[University Press of Mississippi]]|isbn=978-1496812148|year=2017}}</ref>

While he was composing songs in New York, [[Sammy Fain]] had heard that the Disney studios wanted him to compose songs for ''Alice in Wonderland''. He also suggested lyricist [[Bob Hilliard]] as his collaborator.<ref>{{cite interview|title=Sammy Fain|work=Walt's People—Talking Disney with the Artists who Knew Him, Volume 12|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQ_nGPA2-qMC&q=peter%20pan%20sammy%20fain&pg=PT164|subject=Sammy Fain|interviewer=David Tietyen|date=August 22, 1978}}</ref> The two wrote two unused songs for the film, "Beyond the Laughing Sky" and "I'm Odd". The music for the former song was kept but the lyrics were changed, and it later became the title song for ''Peter Pan'', "The Second Star to the Right".<ref name="Bohn" /><ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Deleted Songs: Beyond the Laughing Sky|others=Kathryn Beaumont|publisher=Walt Disney Home Entertainment|year=2004|type=DVD}}</ref> By April 1950, Fain and Hilliard had finished composing songs for the film.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fUDAAAAMBAJ&q=peter%20pan%20sammy%20fain%20billboard&pg=PA28|title=Music—As Written|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|volume=62|issue=15|date=April 15, 1950|access-date=June 26, 2018}}</ref>

The [[Alice in Wonderland (song)|title song]], composed by Sammy Fain, has become a jazz standard,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thesoundofvinyl.com/*/Soundtracks/Songs-From-Alice-in-Wonderland/5D6H0AST000|title=Songs From Alice in Wonderland|website=Sound of Vinyl|language=en|access-date=2018-11-12|archive-date=November 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112101304/https://thesoundofvinyl.com/*/Soundtracks/Songs-From-Alice-in-Wonderland/5D6H0AST000|url-status=dead}}</ref> adapted by [[jazz]] pianist [[Dave Brubeck]] in 1952 and included on his 1957 Columbia album ''[[Dave Digs Disney]]''. The song, "In a World of My Own", is included on the [[Classic Disney: 60 Years of Musical Magic#Disc 5 (orange)|orange disc]] of ''[[Classic Disney: 60 Years of Musical Magic]]''.

=== Soundtrack and Camarata version ===
There was no soundtrack album available when the film was released in 1951. RCA Victor released a story album and single records with Kathryn Beaumont and several cast members that re-created the story, but it was not the soundtrack. In 1944, [[Decca Records]] had released a [[Ginger Rogers]] dramatization of Lewis Carroll's book with Disney cover art (perhaps tying in with earlier discussions of her being cast as a live-action Disney "Alice"),<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Disney "Alice" That Never Was… Except on Records {{!}}|url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-disney-alice-that-never-was-except-on-records/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> Decca did indeed license the rights to release the 1951 Alice soundtrack from Disney, but later decided against it and never produced one. When Disney started its own record company, [[Disneyland Records]], in Spring 1956, it was found to be economically unfeasible at the time to take on the fees and other costs to produce a soundtrack album.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sadoff|first=Ronald H.|date=October 2007|title=Mouse Tracks: The Story of Walt Disney Records. By Tim Hollis and Greg Ehrbar. Jackson: The University Press of Mississippi, 2006. 221 pp. ISBN 1 57806 848 7 (paperback); ISBN 1 57806 849 5 (cloth)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026114300700342x|journal=Popular Music|volume=26|issue=3|pages=537–539|doi=10.1017/s026114300700342x|s2cid=162973106|issn=0261-1430}}</ref>

In 1957, [[Salvador Camarata|Tutti Camarata]] arranged and conducted an elaborate original production of the Alice score with [[Darlene Gillespie]], who had shown great promise among the ''[[The Mickey Mouse Club|Mickey Mouse Club]]'' cast as a singer. Camarata assembled a new orchestra and chorus (possibly with the cooperation of [[Norman Luboff]], as Betty Mulliner (Luboff) and choir member [[Thurl Ravenscroft]] can be heard) in the [[Capitol Studios|Capitol studios]] in Hollywood. The resulting album became one of the most influential and acclaimed studio versions of a score, garnering praise from within the industry as well as the public.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The #1 All-Time Greatest Cartoon Record Album Ever Made {{!}}|url=https://cartoonresearch.com/index.php/the-1-all-time-greatest-cartoon-record-album-ever-made/|access-date=2021-04-09|website=cartoonresearch.com}}</ref> The original issue (WDL-4025), depicting Alice seated in a tree with characters beneath her, is highly collectible. The album was so popular it was reissued in 1959, 1963 and 1968 with different covers, including story albums with books and single records, all featuring music from this album, as well as translated versions of the Camarata ''Alice'' music for international recordings.

Selections from this album are still heard in the queue for the [[Alice in Wonderland (Disneyland attraction)|Alice In Wonderland]] dark ride at Disneyland in California and during the [[Storybook Land Canal Boats]] ride. Tokyo Disneyland incorporated musical arrangements from the Camarata version for live shows and CD releases.

To date, the only soundtrack material ever made available on vinyl records was released outside the United States. In the late nineties, over 45 years after the film's original release, a soundtrack album of ''Alice in Wonderland'' was finally released in the U.S. on [[Compact Disc|Audio CD]] by [[Walt Disney Records]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000001M4E |title=Walt Disney's Alice In Wonderland: Classic Soundtrack Series: Sammy Fain, Bob Hilliard |work=Amazon.com |access-date=July 13, 2010}}</ref>

===Songs===
Original songs performed in the film include:
{{Track listing
| all_writing     = 
| all_lyrics      = 
| all_music       = 
| extra_column    = Performer(s)
| total_length    =

| title1          = [[Alice in Wonderland (song)|Alice in Wonderland]]
| writer1        = [[Sammy Fain]] & [[Bob Hilliard]]
| extra1          = [[Judd Conlon|The Jud Conlon Chorus]]

| title2          = In a World of My Own
| writer2       = Fain & Hilliard
| extra2          = [[Kathryn Beaumont]]

| title3          = I'm Late
| writer3      = Fain & Hilliard
| extra3          = [[Bill Thompson (voice actor)|Bill Thompson]]

| title4          = [[The Sailor's Hornpipe]]
| writer4       = Traditional
| extra4          = [[Bill Thompson (voice actor)|Bill Thompson]]

| title5          = The Caucus Race
| writer5       = Fain & Hilliard
| extra5          = [[Bill Thompson (voice actor)|Bill Thompson]] & [[Judd Conlon|The Jud Conlon Chorus]]

| title6          = How Do You Do and Shake Hands
| writer6       = 
| extra6          = [[J. Pat O'Malley]]

| title7          = [[The Walrus and the Carpenter]]
| writer7      = Fain & Hilliard
| extra7          = [[J. Pat O'Malley]]

| title8          = Old Father William
| writer8       = [[Oliver Wallace]] & [[Ted Sears]]
| extra8          = [[J. Pat O'Malley]]

| title9         = We'll Smoke the Blighter Out
| writer9     = Wallace & Sears
| extra9         = [[Bill Thompson (voice actor)|Bill Thompson]]

| title10         = All in the Golden Afternoon
| writer10     = Fain & Hilliard
| extra10         = [[Kathryn Beaumont]] & Chorus

| title11         = A-E-I-O-U (The Caterpillar Song)
| writer11     = Wallace & Sears
| extra11         = [[Richard Haydn]]

| title12         = {{-'}}Twas Brillig
| writer12     = [[Don Raye]] & [[Gene de Paul]]
| extra12         = [[Sterling Holloway]]

| title13         = [[Unbirthday|The Unbirthday Song]]
| writer13     = [[Mack David]], [[Al Hoffman|All Hoffman]], & [[Jerry Livingston]]
| extra13         = [[Kathryn Beaumont]], [[Ed Wynn]] & [[Jerry Colonna (entertainer)|Jerry Colonna]]

| title14         = Very Good Advice
| writer14     = Fain & Hilliard
| extra14         = [[Kathryn Beaumont]]

| title15         = Painting the Roses Red
| writer15      = Fain & Hilliard
| extra15         = [[Kathryn Beaumont]] & [[The Mellomen]]

| title16          = Who's Been Painting My Roses Red
| writer16       = Fain & Hilliard
| extra16         = [[Verna Felton]]
}}

Songs written for the film but deleted during production include:

* "Beyond the Laughing Sky" – Alice (replaced by "In a World of My Own"; this melody was later used for "The Second Star to the Right" in ''[[Peter Pan (1953 film)|Peter Pan]]'')
* "Dream Caravan" – Caterpillar (replaced by "A-E-I-O-U")
* "Everything Has a Useness" – Caterpillar
* "I'm Odd" – Cheshire Cat (replaced by "'Twas Brillig")
* "So They Say" – Alice
* "When the Wind is in the East" - Mad Hatter
* "Gavotte of the Cards" - Alice
* "Entrance of the Executioner" - King of Hearts and Queen of Hearts
* "[[Jabberwocky|Beware the Jabberwock]]" – [[Stan Freberg]], [[Daws Butler]] and the Rhythmaires (referring to the deleted character)
* "If You'll Believe in Me" – The Lion and The Unicorn (deleted characters)
* "Beautiful Soup" – The [[Mock Turtle]] and The Gryphon (deleted characters) set to the tune of [[The Blue Danube]]
* "The Lobster Quadrille (Will You Join the Dance?)" - The [[Mock Turtle]] (deleted character) 
* "Speak Roughly to Your Little Boy" – The Duchess (deleted character)
* "[[Humpty Dumpty]]" – Humpty Dumpty (deleted character)

== Release ==
''Alice in Wonderland''’s world premiere took place at the [[Leicester Square Theatre]] in [[London]] on July 26, 1951.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://d23.com/this-day/alice-in-wonderland-premieres-in-england/|title=Alice in Wonderland Premieres in England|date=July 26, 1951 |publisher=[[D23 (Disney)|D23]]|access-date=June 25, 2018}}</ref> During the film's initial theatrical run, the film was released as a [[double feature]] with the ''[[True-Life Adventures]]'' documentary short, ''[[Nature's Half Acre]]''.<ref name="NewYorkTimes" /> Following the film's initial lukewarm reception, it was never re-released theatrically in Disney's lifetime, instead being shown occasionally on television. ''Alice in Wonderland'' aired as the second episode of the ''[[Walt Disney anthology television series#Walt Disney's Disneyland|Walt Disney's Disneyland]]'' television series on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] on November 3, 1954,<ref name="Televisionland" /> in a severely edited version cut down to less than an hour.

Beginning in 1971, the film was screened in several sold-out venues at college campuses, becoming the most rented film in some cities. Then, in 1974, Disney gave ''Alice in Wonderland'' its first theatrical re-release. The company even promoted it as a film in tune with the "[[Psychedelic era|psychedelic times]]", using radio commercials featuring allusions to the song "[[White Rabbit (song)|White Rabbit]]" performed by [[Jefferson Airplane]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Harmetz|first=Aljean|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/04/21/archives/alice-returns-curiouser-and-curiouser-disneys-alice-in-wonderland.html|title='Alice Returns', Curiouser and Curiouser|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=April 22, 1974|access-date=June 25, 2018}}</ref> This release was so successful that it warranted a subsequent re-release in 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moviefone.com/2016/07/27/alice-in-wonderland-disney-facts/|title='Alice in Wonderland': 13 Things You (Probably) Didn't Know About the Disney Classic|publisher=[[Moviefone]]|access-date=January 29, 2020}}</ref> It was re-released in the UK on December 22, 1969 and on July 26, 1979.

=== Marketing ===
Disney sought to use the new medium of [[television]] to help advertise ''Alice in Wonderland''. In March 1950, he spoke to his brother [[Roy O. Disney|Roy]] about launching a television program featuring the studio's animated shorts. Roy agreed, and later that summer they spoke to the [[Coca-Cola Company]] about sponsoring an hour-long Christmas broadcast featuring Disney hosting several cartoons and a scene from the upcoming film. The program became ''[[One Hour in Wonderland]]'', which was aired on [[NBC]] on Christmas Day 1950.{{sfn|Barrier|2007|p=228}} At the same time, a ten-minute featurette about the making of the film, ''Operation: Wonderland'', was produced and screened in theaters and on television stations. Additionally, Disney, Kathryn Beaumont, and Sterling Holloway appeared on ''[[The Fred Waring Show]]'' on March 18, 1951, to promote the film.<ref name="Televisionland">{{cite web|url=http://waltdisney.com/blog/alice-televisionland|title=Alice in Televisionland|publisher=[[The Walt Disney Family Museum]]|date=April 4, 2011|access-date=June 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626030140/http://waltdisney.com/blog/alice-televisionland|archive-date=June 26, 2018|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
''Alice in Wonderland'' was one of the first titles available for the [[Video rental shop|rental market]] on [[VHS]] and [[Betamax|Beta]] and for retail sale on RCA's short-lived CED Videodisc format. The film was released on October 15, 1981, on VHS, [[Capacitance Electronic Disc|CED Videodisc]], and [[Betamax]] for its 30th anniversary.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} Five years later, it was re-issued in the "Wonderland Sale" promotion on May 28, 1986 on VHS, Betamax, and [[LaserDisc]] for its 35th anniversary, and then it was re-promoted on July 12, 1991 for its 40th anniversary, surrounding the video re-issue of ''[[Robin Hood (1973 film)|Robin Hood]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Seideman|first=Tony|title=Prices Tumble as Disney Enters Its 'Wonderland' Campaign|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=April 12, 1986|volume=98|issue=15|page=52|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7yQEAAAAMBAJ&q=alice%20in%20wonderland%20disney%20billboard&pg=PA52}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1991/BB-1991-05-18.pdf |title='Robin' To Perk Up Midsummer Nights |last=McCullagh |first=Jim |date=May 18, 1991 |magazine=Billboard |access-date=September 27, 2019 |page=78}}</ref> The film would later receive a third release on VHS and LaserDisc as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection on October 28, 1994, with the VHS cassette of the film being re-released multiple times: from March 3, 1995 to July 13, 1999.

In January 2000, Walt Disney Home Video launched the Gold Classic Collection, and then ''Alice in Wonderland'' was re-issued on VHS and DVD in the line on July 4, 2000.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Imagination+for+a+Lifetime+--+Disney+Titles+All+the+Time%3B+Walt+Disney...-a058460870|title=Imagination for a Lifetime -- Disney Titles All the Time; Walt Disney Home Video Debuts the "Gold Classic Collection"; An Animated Masterpiece Every Month in 2000.|location=Burbank, California|agency=[[Business Wire]]|date=January 6, 2000|access-date=June 25, 2018|archive-date=May 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522180912/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Imagination+for+a+Lifetime+--+Disney+Titles+All+the+Time%3B+Walt+Disney...-a058460870|url-status=dead}}</ref> The DVD contained the ''Operation: Wonderland'' featurette, several sing-a-long videos, a storybook, a trivia game, and its theatrical trailer.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000815083314/http://disney.go.com/disneyvideos/disneygold/html/aliceinwonderland.html|title=Alice in Wonderland &nbsp;— Disney Gold Collection|url=http://disney.go.com:80/disneyvideos/disneygold/html/aliceinwonderland.html|archive-date=August 15, 2000|access-date=June 25, 2018|publisher=[[Disney.com|Disney.go.com]]|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

A fully restored two-disc "Masterpiece Edition" was released on January 27, 2004, including the full hour-long episode of the Disney television show with Kathryn Beaumont, [[Edgar Bergen]], Charlie McCarthy and Mortimer Snerd, [[Bobby Driscoll]] and others that promoted the film, computer games, deleted scenes, songs and related materials, and went into moratorium in January 2009. A year and two months later, Disney released a 2-disc special "Un-Anniversary" edition DVD on March 30, 2010 to promote [[Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)|the recent Tim Burton version]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://disneydvd.disney.go.com/alice-in-wonderland-special-unanniversary-edition.html |title=Official DVD website |work=Disney.Go.com |access-date=July 13, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100725215631/http://disneydvd.disney.go.com/alice-in-wonderland-special-unanniversary-edition.html |archive-date=July 25, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The film was released in a Blu-ray and DVD set on February 1, 2011, to celebrate its 60th anniversary,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://highdefdiscnews.com/?p=49014#more-49014 |title=A Hi-Def sneak peek at Disney's planned 2011 Blu-ray titles |author=Justin Sluss |date=July 28, 2010 |publisher=highdefdiscnews.com |access-date=October 7, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804014104/http://www.highdefdiscnews.com/?p=49014#more-49014 |archive-date=August 4, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> featuring a new HD restoration of the film and many bonus features. Disney re-released the film on Blu-ray and DVD on April 26, 2016, to celebrate the film's 65th anniversary.

The film was released on [[Disney+]] on November 12, 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Julia |title=Disney+ launch lineup: Every movie and TV show available to stream on day one |url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/10/14/20913417/disney-plus-launch-lineup-marvel-star-wars-pixar-tv-shows-movies-simpsons-national-geographic |access-date=16 August 2020 |work=The Verge |date=14 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception==
=== Box office ===
During its initial theatrical run, the film grossed $2.4 million in domestic rentals.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Top Box Office Hits of 1951|url=https://archive.org/stream/variety185-1952-01#page/n69/mode/2up/|magazine=Variety|page=70|date=January 2, 1952|access-date=June 25, 2018}}</ref> Because of the film's production budget of $3 million, the studio [[Write-off|wrote off]] a million-dollar loss.{{sfn|Barrier|2007|p=230}} During its theatrical re-release in 1974, the film grossed $3.5 million in domestic rentals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Big Rental Films of 1974|magazine=Variety|date=January 8, 1975|page=24}}</ref>

=== Critical reaction ===
Despite being regarded as one of Disney's best animated films today,<ref name="AliceNotSuccess">{{Cite web |last= Pleines |first= Miyako |date=February 22, 2022 |title=Why Disney's Alice In Wonderland Didn't Find Success Until The '70s|url= https://www.slashfilm.com/776359/why-disneys-alice-in-wonderland-didnt-find-success-until-the-70s/ |access-date=September 13, 2023 |website=[[/Film]] }}</ref> the initial reviews for ''Alice in Wonderland'' were negative. [[Bosley Crowther]], reviewing for ''[[The New York Times]]'', complimented that "...if you are not too particular about the images of Carroll and Tenniel, if you are high on Disney whimsey and if you'll take a somewhat slow, uneven pace, you should find this picture entertaining. Especially should it be for the kids, who are not so demanding of fidelity as are their moms and dads. A few of the episodes are dandy, such as the mad tea party and the caucus race; the music is tuneful and sugary and the color is excellent."<ref name="NewYorkTimes">{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|title=THE SCREEN IN REVIEW; Disney's Cartoon Adaptation of 'Alice in Wonderland' Arrives at Criterion|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1951/07/30/archives/the-screen-in-review-disneys-cartoon-adaptation-of-alice-in.html|newspaper=The New York Times|page=12|date=July 30, 1951|access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref> ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' wrote that the film "has an earnest charm and a chimerical beauty that best shows off the Carroll fantasy. However, it has not been able to add any real heart or warmth, ingredients missing from the two tomes and which have always been an integral part of the previous Disney feature cartoons."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/details/variety183-1951-07/page/n7|title='Alice in Wonderland' Enchanting Walt Disney interpretation of Lewis Carroll classic; bright b.o.|magazine=Variety|page=8|via=[[Internet Archive]]|date=July 4, 1951|access-date=January 6, 2019}}</ref>

Mae Tinee of the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' wrote that "While the Disney figures do resemble John Tenniel's famous sketches, they abound in energy but are utterly lacking in enchantment, and seem more closely related to [[Pluto (Disney)|Pluto]], the clumsy pup, than the products of Carroll's imagination. Youngsters probably will find it a likable cartoon, full of lively characters, with Alice's dream bedecked with just a touch of nightmare—those who cherish the old story as I have probably will be distinctly disappointed."<ref>{{cite news|last=Tinee|first=Mae|title=Finds 'Alice' More Disney Than Caroll|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/372313868/|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|date=August 6, 1951|access-date=January 6, 2019|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' stated that "Judged simply as the latest in the long, popular line of Disney cartoons, ''Alice'' lacks a developed story line, which the studio's continuity experts, for all their freedom with scissors and paste, have been unable to put together out of the episodic books. Much of it is familiar stuff; Carroll's garden of live flowers prompts Disney to revive the style of his ''[[Silly Symphonies]]''. Yet there is plenty to delight youngsters, and there are flashes of cartooning ingenuity that should appeal to grownups."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,856899,00.html|title=Cinema: Battle of Wonderland III|magazine=Time|date=August 6, 1951|volume=58|issue=6|page=69|access-date=May 24, 2020|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Writing for ''[[/Film]]'', Miyako Pleines says "Unlike the other Disney princesses before her, Alice seemed to have no real purpose (even if that purpose is simply to be a damsel in distress). People saw her as lacking ambition and drive, a lazy girl who daydreamed during her studies and wandered into a magical world."<ref name="AliceNotSuccess"/>

''Alice in Wonderland'' was met with great criticism from Carroll fans, as well as from [[Cinema of the United Kingdom|British film]] and [[Literary criticism|literary critics]], who accused Disney of "[[Americanization|Americanizing]]" a great work of [[English literature]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Thomas |first=Bob |year=1976 |title=Walt Disney: An American Original |location=New York |publisher=Hyperion Press |pages=220–221 |isbn=0-7868-6027-8}}</ref> Walt Disney was not surprised by the critical reception to ''Alice in Wonderland'' as his version of ''Alice'' was intended for large family audiences, not literary critics. Additionally, the film was met with a lukewarm response at the box office.<ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810212331/http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/aliceinwonderlandaftermath/index.html|url=http://disney.go.com/disneyatoz/familymuseum/exhibits/articles/aliceinwonderlandaftermath/index.html |title=Alice in Wonderland: The Aftermath|publisher=[[Disney.com|Disney.go.com]]|archive-date=August 10, 2007|access-date=June 25, 2018}}</ref> Additionally, he remarked that the film failed because it lacked heart.{{sfn|Gabler|2006|p=487}} In ''The Disney Films'', [[Leonard Maltin]] says that animator [[Ward Kimball]] felt the film failed because "it suffered from too many cooks—directors. Here was a case of five directors each trying to top the other guy and make his sequence the biggest and craziest in the show. This had a self-canceling effect on the final product."<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Leonard Maltin |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |year=1973 |title=The Disney Films |location=New York |publisher=Crown |page=103 |isbn=0-7868-8527-0}}</ref> Animators [[Frank Thomas (animator)|Frank Thomas]] and [[Ollie Johnston]] also considered the film a failure and stated on their website that they felt "none of us could fully capture the characters of Lewis Carrol's imagination."<ref>{{cite web|website=Frank and Ollie|title=Feature Films|url=http://frankandollie.com/Film_Features.html|access-date=August 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051121221342/http://frankandollie.com/Film_Features.html|archive-date=November 21, 2005}}</ref>

On the film aggregator website [[Rotten Tomatoes]], ''Alice in Wonderland'' received an approval rating of 84% from 32 critical reviews with an average rating of 6.80/10. The consensus states, "A good introduction to Lewis Carroll's classic, ''Alice in Wonderland'' boasts some of the Disney canon's most surreal and twisted images."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1029112-alice_in_wonderland|title=Alice in Wonderland|website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|publisher=[[Fandango Media|Fandango]]|access-date={{RT data|access date}}}}{{RT data|edit}}</ref> Another film review aggregator, [[Metacritic]], which assigns a rating out of 100 based on top reviews from mainstream critics, calculated a score of 68 based on 10 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/alice-in-wonderland-1951/ |title=Alice in Wonderland Reviews |publisher=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=September 14, 2023}}</ref>

=== Accolades ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! Award
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
|-
| [[24th Academy Awards|Academy Awards]]<ref name="Oscars1952">{{Cite web |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1952 |title=The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners |date=October 5, 2014 |publisher=Oscars.org ([[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]])}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.romanization.com/personal/randy/bestscore.html |title=Romanization |access-date=July 13, 2010}}</ref>
| [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Scoring of a Musical Picture]]
| [[Oliver Wallace]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[12th Venice International Film Festival|Venice International Film Festival]]
| [[Golden Lion]]
| [[Clyde Geronimi]], [[Wilfred Jackson]] and [[Hamilton Luske]]
| {{nom}}
|}

==Legacy==
=== Stage version ===
''Alice in Wonderland'' has been condensed into a one-act stage version entitled, ''Alice in Wonderland, Jr''. The stage version is solely meant for middle and high school productions and includes the majority of the film's songs and others including ''[[Song of the South]]''{{'}}s "[[Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah]]", two new reprises of "I'm Late!", and three new numbers entitled "Ocean of Tears", "Simon Says", and "Who Are You?" respectively. This 60–80 minute version is licensed by [[Music Theatre International]] in the Broadway, Jr. Collection along with other Disney Theatrical shows such as ''[[Aladdin, Jr.|Disney's Aladdin, Jr.]]'', ''[[Mulan Jr.|Disney's Mulan, Jr.]]'', ''[[Beauty and the Beast (musical)|Beauty and the Beast]]'', Disney's ''[[High School Musical]]: On Stage!'', [[Elton John]] and [[Tim Rice]]'s ''[[Aida (musical)|Aida]]'', and many more. It was not available to license from 2018 to 2023,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mtishows.com/disneys-alice-in-wonderland-jr |title=Music Theatre International: Licensing Musical Theater Theatrical Performance Rights and Materials to Schools, Community and Professional Theatres since 1952 |access-date=July 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829060059/http://www.mtishows.com/show_detail.asp?showid=000277 |archive-date=August 29, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> but is available again, now with some new songs from the 2010 film [[Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)|Alice in Wonderland]], as of 2024.<ref>{{cite web
	| url = https://www.mtishows.com/news/disneys-alice-in-wonderland-jr-returns-to-licensing
	| title = Music Theatre International: Licensing Musical Theater Theatrical Performance Rights and Materials to Schools, Community and Professional Theatres since 1952
	| date = January 3, 2024
	| website = Music Theater International
	| access-date = September 16, 2024
}}</ref>

=== References in other media ===
* In ''[[Donald in Mathmagic Land]]'', [[Donald Duck]] wears Alice's dress and has her hairstyle, except it's brown and not blond. A larger pencil bird is in the film as well.
* Bill the Lizard appears as one of Professor Ratigan's henchmen in ''[[The Great Mouse Detective]]''.
* Alice and several other characters from the film were featured as guests in ''[[House of Mouse]]'', and the Queen of Hearts was one of the villains featured in ''[[Mickey's House of Villains]]''. The Mad Hatter was also featured in ''[[Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse]]''.
* The Mad Hatter and the March Hare were also featured in several episodes of ''[[Bonkers (cartoon)|Bonkers]]''.
* Bill the Lizard, Tweedledum, Cheshire Cat and the doorknob also appear in the 1988 [[Walt Disney Pictures|Disney]] film ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]''.
* In the opening of ''[[Aladdin (1992 Disney film)|Aladdin]]'', the peddler tries to sell a hookah much like the one the Caterpillar used.
* In ''[[Aladdin and the King of Thieves]]'', the Genie turns into the White Rabbit.
* Weebo shows clips of the film on her screen in ''[[Flubber (film)|Flubber]]''.
* An episode of ''[[Mickey Mouse Clubhouse]]'', entitled "Mickey's Adventures in Wonderland", is based on the film.
* During the song "[[When You Wish upon a Star|When You Wish Upon a Star]]" in Disney's ''[[Pinocchio (1940 film)|Pinocchio]]'', the ''Alice in Wonderland'' book can be seen on the bookshelf where [[Jiminy Cricket]] is singing from. This reference can be considered indirect as the film was released 11 years prior to ''Alice in Wonderland''.
* Alice and Cheshire Cat made cameo appearances in episodes of ''[[The Wonderful World of Mickey Mouse]]''.
* Like other [[Walt Disney Animation Studios]] characters, the characters from ''Alice in Wonderland'' have cameo appearances in the short film ''[[Once Upon a Studio]]'' (2023).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reif |first=Alex |date=2023-10-17 |title=Disney's "Once Upon a Studio" – List of Characters in Order of Appearance |url=https://www.laughingplace.com/w/disney-entertainment/disneys-once-upon-a-studio-list-of-characters-in-order-of-appearance/ |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=LaughingPlace.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Spin-off ===
An undetermined animated project focused on the [[Cheshire Cat]] was in development for Disney's subscription video on-demand streaming service [[Disney+]] since 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Palmer |first1=Roger |title=New Fantasia, Jiminy Cricket, Cheshire Cat & Seven Dwarfs Animated Projects Rumored For Disney+ |url=https://whatsondisneyplus.com/new-fantasia-jimny-cricket-cheshire-cat-seven-dwarfs-animated-projects-rumored-for-disney/ |website=[[iO9]] |access-date=October 25, 2019 |date=October 25, 2019}}</ref>

In 2022, a CGI-animated TV series called ''[[Alice's Wonderland Bakery]]'' was released on [[Disney Junior]]. The series centers on Alice, the great-granddaughter of the original heroine.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/tv/disney-junior-whips-up-alices-wonderland-bakery-for-2022-debut/ |title = Disney Junior Whips Up 'Alice's Wonderland Bakery' for 2022 Debut {{!}} Animation Magazine|date = May 11, 2021}}</ref>

=== Theme parks ===
[[File:Disneyland Alice 2012-06-30.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Alice at [[Disneyland]], 2012.]]
Costumed versions of Alice, The Mad Hatter, The White Rabbit, The Queen of Hearts, Tweedledum, and Tweedledee make regular appearances at the Disney theme parks and resorts, and other characters from the film (including the Walrus and the March Hare) have featured in the theme parks, although quite rarely. Disneyland features a [[Alice in Wonderland (Disneyland attraction)|ride-through visit to Wonderland]] on board a Caterpillar-shaped ride vehicle; this adventure is unique to Disneyland and has not been reproduced at Disney's other parks. More famously, five of the six Disneyland-style theme parks feature [[Mad Tea Party]], a [[teacups]] ride based on Disney's adaptation of ''Alice in Wonderland''. The [[Disneyland]] and [[Tokyo Disneyland]] versions of [[It's a Small World]] also featured Alice and White Rabbit in the England scene since 2009 (in Disneyland) and 2018 (in Tokyo Disneyland)''<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 17, 2024 |title=Every Disney Character That's Hidden In It's a Small World |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/movies/news/every-disney-character-that-s-hidden-in-it-s-a-small-world/ar-BB1oavey?item=flightsprg-tipsubsc-v1a?season89c26d1ce19649ab8c6b1ea6904de419thu |website=[[MSN]]}}</ref>''.

''Alice in Wonderland'' is also frequently featured in many parades and shows in the Disney Theme Parks, including [[Main Street Electrical Parade|The Main Street Electrical Parade]], [[SpectroMagic]], ''[[Fantasmic!]]'', [[Main Street Electrical Parade|Dreamlights]], The Move It! Shake It! Celebrate It! Street Party and [[Walt Disney's Parade of Dreams]]. Tokyo Disneyland presented several live productions, including ''Alice's Wonderland Party'' and ''Alice's Wonderland Tales''. [[Disneyland]] Park features the world's only [[Alice in Wonderland (Disneyland attraction)|dark ride based on the film]] in addition to the Mad Tea Party teacup ride,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://disneyland.disney.go.com/attractions/?name=MadTeaPartyAttractionPage |title=Disneyland's Mad Tea Party Page |access-date=July 13, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100620214255/http://disneyland.disney.go.com/disneyland/en_US/parks/attractions/detail?name=MadTeaPartyAttractionPage| archive-date= June 20, 2010 |url-status= live}}</ref> and [[Disneyland Paris]] also contains a hedge maze called [[Alice's Curious Labyrinth]], which takes its inspiration from the film.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://parks.disneylandparis.co.uk/disneyland-park/lands/fantasyland/attractions/alices-curious-labyrinth.xhtml |title=Disneyland Paris' Alice's Curious Labyrinth Page |access-date=July 13, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105234406/http://parks.disneylandparis.co.uk/disneyland-park/lands/fantasyland/attractions/alices-curious-labyrinth.xhtml |archive-date=January 5, 2009 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref> The now-defunct [[Mickey Mouse Revue]], shown at [[Walt Disney World]] and later at [[Tokyo Disneyland]], contained characters and scenes from the film.

On 25 May 2024, a limited-run stage show ''Alice and the Queen of Hearts: Back to Wonderland'' opened in the Theater of the Stars in [[Walt Disney Studios Park]] at [[Disneyland Paris]]. It will be presented until 29 September 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alice & The Queen of Hearts Back to Wonderland |url=https://www.disneylandparis.com/en-ie/entertainment/walt-disney-studios-park/alice-back-to-wonderland-show/ |website=www.disneylandparis.com}}</ref>

=== Video games ===
{{More citations needed section|date=March 2024}}
In ''[[Disney's Villains' Revenge]]'', the Queen of Hearts is one of the villains who tries to turn the ending to her story to where she finally cuts off Alice's head.

''[[Mickey Mousecapade]]'' features various characters from the film. The Japanese version, in fact, is based very heavily on the film, with almost every reference in the game coming from the film.

A [[Alice in Wonderland (2000 video game)|video game version]] of the film was released on [[Game Boy Color]] by [[Nintendo|Nintendo of America]] on October 4, 2000, in North America.

The ''[[Kingdom Hearts]]'' video game series includes Wonderland as a playable world in the titles ''[[Kingdom Hearts (video game)|Kingdom Hearts]]'', ''[[Kingdom Hearts: Chain of Memories|Chain of Memories]]'', ''[[Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days|358/2 Days]]'', ''[[Kingdom Hearts Coded|Coded]]'', and ''[[Kingdom Hearts χ]]''. In the games, Alice is one of seven "Princesses of Heart", a group of maidens who are a major part of the plot in the series. Other characters from the film that appear in the games include the Queen of Hearts and the Card Soldiers (also [[Boss (video games)|enemies]] in the games), Cheshire Cat, White Rabbit, Doorknob, Mad Hatter, March Hare, Tweedle Dee and Tweedle Dum, and the Caterpillar (this last in the non-official ''Kingdom Hearts V Cast'' game only).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://na.square-enix.com/games/kingdomhearts/ |title=Kingdom Hearts Official Page |access-date=July 13, 2010}}</ref>

In ''[[Toy Story 3: The Video Game]]'', the Mad Hatter's hat is one of the hats you can have the townsfolk wear.

In ''[[Kinect Disneyland Adventures]]'', Alice, the Mad Hatter, the White Rabbit, and the Queen of Hearts make appearances, while the Caterpillar, the Cheshire Cat and the March Hare only appear in specific sections of the ''Alice in Wonderland'' attraction located in [[Fantasyland]]. The player can also acquire either Alice's blue dress and white pinafore apron or the Mad Hatter's olive green hat and mustard tailcoat with a blue bow tie as costumes to wear (depending on the [[Avatar (computing)|avatar]]'s gender) in several different stores located around the park.

In ''[[Disney Infinity (video game)|Disney Infinity]]'', there are Power Discs based on ''Alice in Wonderland''.

Several characters of the movie make appearances throughout the Epic Mickey-games. For example, the cards are seen throughout Mickeyjunk Mountain in the original ''[[Epic Mickey]]'', Alice appears as a statue carrying a projector screen in ''[[Epic Mickey 2]]'' and Alice, the Mad Hatter, and the Cheshire Cat appear as unlockable characters in ''[[Epic Mickey: Power of Illusion]]''.

Alice, the White Rabbit, the Mad Hatter, the March Hare, the Cheshire Cat, the Queen of Hearts and the Caterpillar appear as playable characters in ''[[Disney Magic Kingdoms]]'', along with some attractions based on locations of the film or real attractions from Disney Parks, as content to unlock for a limited time.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qWpzbzxU_K4 |title=Update 15: Alice in Wonderland {{!}} Livestream|publisher=[[YouTube]]|date=October 20, 2017}}</ref>

In ''[[Disney Mirrorverse]]'' Alice is playable.

===Cover versions===
The [[Alice in Wonderland (song)|theme song of the same name]] has since become a [[jazz standard]] by the likes of [[Roberta Gambarini]], [[Bill Evans]] and [[Dave Brubeck]].<ref>[https://www.cartoonbrew.com/cartoon-culture/jazz-giant-dave-brubeck-who-made-disney-music-cool-dies-at-91-74503.html Jazz Legend Dave Brubeck (1920-2012)|Cartoon Brew]</ref><ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/album/disney-jazz-vol-1-everybody-wants-to-be-a-cat-mw0002062820 Disney Jazz, Vol.1: Everybody Wants to Be a Cat|AllMusic]</ref><ref name="Allmusic">{{allMusic|first=Ken|last=Dryden|class=album|id=mw0000387086|title=Bill Evans: ''The Complete Village Vanguard Recordings, 1961'' – Review|access-date= April 26, 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Film|United States|Fantasy|Comedy|1950s}}
* ''[[Alice in Wonderland (2010 film)|Alice in Wonderland]]'' (2010), a live-action film adaptation of Carroll's works and a re-imagining of the story directed by [[Tim Burton]]. A sequel to the film, ''[[Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016 film)|Alice Through the Looking Glass]]'', directed by [[James Bobin]], was released in 2016.

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book|last=Allan|first=Robin|title=Walt Disney and Europe: European Influence on the Animated Feature Films of Walt Disney|url=https://archive.org/details/waltdisneyeurope0000alla|year=1999|publisher=John Libbey & Co|isbn=978-1-8646-2041-2|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Barrier|first=Michael|author-link=Michael Barrier|title=Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age|url=https://archive.org/details/hollywoodcartoon00barr|url-access=registration|year=1999|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-802079-0}}
* {{cite book|last=Barrier|first=Michael|title=The Animated Man: A Life of Walt Disney|url=https://archive.org/details/animatedmanlifeo00barr|year=2007|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|isbn=978-0-5202-5619-4|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Bloom|first=Harold|title=Aldous Huxley|url=https://archive.org/details/aldoushuxley0000unse_q3w4/mode/2up|isbn=978-0-7910-7040-6|year=2003|publisher=Chelsea House |url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Gabler|first=Neal|title=Walt Disney: The Triumph of the American Imagination|url=https://archive.org/details/waltdisneytriump0000gabl|year=2006|publisher=[[Vintage Books]]|isbn=978-0-6797-5747-4|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Ghez|first=Didier|title=They Drew As they Pleased: The Hidden Art of Disney's Musical Years (The 1940s - Part One)|publisher=[[Chronicle Books|Chronicle Books LLC]]|year=2016|isbn=978-1-4521-3744-5}}
* {{cite book|last=Koenig|first=David|title=Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks|url=https://archive.org/details/mouseunderglasss0000koen|publisher=Bonaventure Press|isbn=978-0-9640-6051-7|year=1997|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Watts|first=Steven|title=The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life|url=https://archive.org/details/magickingdomwalt0000watt_l9r3/mode/2up|isbn=978-0-8262-1379-2|year=2001|publisher=University of Missouri Press |url-access=registration}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)}}
{{Wikiquote|Alice in Wonderland (1951 film)}}
* {{Official website|https://movies.disney.com/alice-in-wonderland-1951}}
* {{IMDb title|0043274|Alice in Wonderland}}
* {{TCMDb title|67022|Alice in Wonderland}}
* {{Rotten-tomatoes|1029112-alice_in_wonderland|Alice in Wonderland}}
* {{mojo title|aliceinwonderland}}
* [https://archive.org/details/LuxRadioTheater511224AliceInWonderland ''Alice in Wonderland'']{{cbignore}} on [[Lux Radio Theater]]: December 24, 1951

{{Disney's Alice in Wonderland}}
{{Alice}}
{{Clyde Geronimi}}
{{Hamilton Luske}}
{{Wilfred Jackson}}
{{Disney theatrical animated features}}
{{Walt Disney Animation Studios}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Alice In Wonderland (1951 Film)}}
[[Category:1951 animated films]]
[[Category:1951 children's films]]
[[Category:1951 films]]
[[Category:1950s American animated films]]
[[Category:1950s musical fantasy films]]
[[Category:1950s fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:1950s English-language films]]
[[Category:1950s children's animated films]]
[[Category:1950s fantasy comedy films]]
[[Category:1950s coming-of-age films]]
[[Category:1950s children's fantasy films]]
[[Category:American children's animated adventure films]]
[[Category:American children's animated fantasy films]]
[[Category:American children's animated musical films]]
[[Category:American coming-of-age films]]
[[Category:American musical fantasy films]]
[[Category:Animated coming-of-age films]]
[[Category:Animated films based on Alice in Wonderland]]
[[Category:Alice in Wonderland (franchise)]]
[[Category:American fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:Animated films about cats]]
[[Category:Animated films about children]]
[[Category:Animated films about lizards]]
[[Category:Animated films about rabbits and hares]]
[[Category:Animated films about talking animals]]
[[Category:Animated films about royalty]]
[[Category:Films adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:Films based on multiple works of a series]]
[[Category:Films directed by Clyde Geronimi]]
[[Category:Films directed by Hamilton Luske]]
[[Category:Films directed by Wilfred Jackson]]
[[Category:Films produced by Walt Disney]]
[[Category:Films set in the Victorian era]]
[[Category:Animated films set in the 1860s]]
[[Category:Animated films set in England]]
[[Category:Animated films set in forests]]
[[Category:Animated films set in castles]]
[[Category:Films scored by Oliver Wallace]]
[[Category:Psychedelic films]]
[[Category:Rotoscoped films]]
[[Category:Animated films about size change]]
[[Category:Walt Disney Animation Studios films]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Winston Hibler]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Bill Peet]]
[[Category:Disney animated films based on fairy tales]]
[[Category:English-language musical fantasy films]]
[[Category:English-language fantasy adventure films]]
[[Category:English-language fantasy comedy films]]